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The interest in topics such as the environment, health and sustainability has increased dramatically in recent years, due to concerns about global warming and demographic change, giving way to the concept of “green branding”.
This bachelor thesis proposes the application of a green branding strategy in order to position Irish agri-food products in the German grocery retail market, and explores its potential effectiveness and current relevance. Firstly, this work intends to offer an overall understanding of the characteristics and implications of a green branding strategy. Secondly, it analyses the connection with Ireland as a country of origin for agri-food products, by putting forward the different arguments for its suitability for the respective products. Finally, the key learnings regarding the successful implementation of a green branding strategy are discussed, based on a real-life best-practice case.
This research employed previous academic and trade literature to develop a theoretical foundation for understanding the concept of green branding in a marketing context. Various forms of industry, consumer and retail insights were used to identify the extent of demand for green brands in Germany and to analyse strength and weaknesses of the Irish agri-food industry in this regard.
An expert interview with the Marketing Manager for Kerrygold in Germany was conducted to uncover points arising from the best-practice application of a green branding strategy.
The findings indicate that there is significant theoretical and practical evidence to suggest that the application of a green branding would be an effective positioning strategy for Irish agri-food in the German consumer market.
Die SICK STEGMANN GmbH verkauft ihre Motor-Feedback-Systeme als Komponenten zum Einbau in Servo-, Linear- und Torquemotoren verkauft. Die Motoren werden wiederrum in Maschinen und Anlagen verbaut. Vor allem Motoren mit Einkabeltechnologie, die durch die Schnittstelle HIPERFACE DSL® von SICK bereitgestellt wird, gelten als entscheidender Vorteil für den Maschinenbauer, der dadurch letztlich einen geringeren Verkabelungsaufwand hat. Das Problem entsteht dabei, dass der Maschinenbauer nur den fertigen Motor sieht und die Produkte von SICK als Komponenten für ihn nicht ersichtlich sind. Weiterhin gewinnen umfangreiche Servicestrukturen immer mehr an Bedeutung, diese hatten in der Vergangenheit in der Business Unit „Motor-Feedback-Systeme“ einen geringen Stellenwert. Die Thesis soll klären, inwieweit der Wandel vom Komponentenhersteller hin zum Service- und Solution Provider vollzogen werden kann und welche Positionierungsmaßnahmen dafür notwendig sind. Im Rahmen von Experteninterviews und einer internen Kundenbefragung mit Hilfe eines standardisierten Fragebogens wird der Ist-Zustand beschrieben und daraufhin eine Soll-Analyse zur Klärung der Forschungsfragen abgeleitet. Die Analysen zeigen, dass Veränderungen auf Produkt- und Serviceseite notwendig sind, um vermehrt Maschinenbauer anzusprechen und hier einen Kaufwunsch zu platzieren. Im Detail beschäftigt sich die Thesis mit der Ausarbeitung neuer Positionierungsstrategien für Motor-Feedback-Systeme und Services. Ferner werden Handlungsempfehlungen zu weiteren strategischen Überlegungen beschrieben. Die Evaluierung schließt die Bachelorthesis ab.
Many Researches on values of IT investment have produced mixed results. There has never been a clear definition regarding what is the values of IT investment. Some researchers used productivity as an indicator for value, some other used financial figures to measure the value. However, the result is never consistent. This research investigates the value of Treasury Management System's implementation without limiting the definition of values. The findings show that IT investments are often followed by business process reengineering and have a role as decision support system. Furthermore, IT investments are most likely to improve the information quality produced from the system. Therefore, the evaluation of IT investments needs to consider the qualitative values as well
This bachelor thesis deals with the use of the agile project management methodology in Enterprise Resource Planning implementations. With regards to the most recent trend of the use of the agile methodology for ERP Implementations, it will be examined if it plays a role as a critical factor for successful implementations.
The examination in the thesis will be divided into three steps.
Firstly, the theoretical foundations regarding the elements under examination will be laid by defining and analyzing the ERP Systems, the critical factors and the agile methodology.
Secondly, an empirical two-section examination will be held, with the aim of finding out which role the project management methodology plays for success in general, if the agile methodology proves to be more beneficial than other methods and if these advantages could be critical for success.
The last step involves the analysis and evaluation of the newly gained insights, their boundaries and a view on other potential research possibilities.
In einem ständig schneller werdenden Arbeitsumfeld, gewinnt heutzutage ein gutes Prozessmanagement immer mehr an Bedeutung um reibungslose, effiziente und schnelle Abläufe zu garantieren. Viele Unternehmen sind dazu angehalten, ihre Supply Chain und die dazugehörigen Prozesse zu optimieren um in den stark konkurrierenden Märkten eine gute Wettbewerbsposition zu besetzen (Becker, 2018).
Die Bacherlorthesis wurde bei der CeramTec GmbH, einem führenden Unternehmen in der Hochleistungskeramik, durchgeführt. Das Unternehmen konnte 2018 einen Umsatz von 600 Mio. Euro vorweisen und ist momentan stark interessiert daran, seine Prozesse an den unterschiedlichen Standorten zu standardisieren.
Im Zuge dessen wurde im Rahmen dieser Arbeit der Wareneingangs- und Versandprozess an vier Standorten zunächst analysiert und sowohl textuell, als auch graphisch in einem funktionsübergreifenden Flussdiagramm transparent dargestellt. Hierbei wurde bereits die unterschiedliche Handhabung sowie die nicht einheitliche Verantwortungsverteilung deutlich.
Nachfolgend wurden eine Schwachstellenanalyse und eine Gegenüberstellung der verschiedenen Standorte vollzogen. Dies dient der Übersicht und bietet die Grundlage für die Ableitung der Verbesserungspotenziale und der Erarbeitung von Handlungsempfehlungen.
Neben dem Prozesslebenszyklus bildet der PDCA-Zyklus, das Toyota Produktionssystem und das dazugehörige 3M – Modell die Basis der Prozessanalyse sowie der Prozessoptimierung.
Angesichts der Modellierung und der Gegenüberstellung konnten Ergebnisse generiert werden, die seitens des Unternehmens als Grundlage genutzt werden können, Maßnahmen in Richtung Standardisierung und Optimierung einzuleiten.
Finanzkrisen sind Störungen im gesunden Ablauf eines Finanzmarktes. Diese können negative Konsequenzen auf alle darin integrierten Akteure, wie auch auf die gesamte Wirtschaft haben. Die davon Betroffenen sind private Haushalte, Unternehmen und sogar Regierungen. Dies dürfte Grund genug sein, dieses Thema zu erarbeiten und, um eine potenzielle Krise zu verstehen, neue Lösungsansätze zu suchen. Da gerade Ökonomen vor der Gefahr der aktuellen Situation warnen, könnte eine derartige Krise in naher Zukunft entstehen. Die Bereiche welche instabil sein können, sind oft bekannt, trotzdem ist es schwierig zu wissen, wann und woher eine potentielle Krise entstehen könnte. Heutzutage sind Teile der Welt wie Europa, die Schwellenländer oder auch die U.S.A. vermehrt in diesem Fokus. Interessanterweise ist letztere der Entstehungsort der letzten großen Finanzkrise. Aufgrund dessen ist das Ziel dieser Arbeit die Situation dieses Marktes zu analysieren. Faktoren wie Konsequenzen für davon Betroffene, Veränderungen der Angebots- und Nachfragemenge von Anleihen und Aktien werden in Ansätzen analysiert. Desweiteren wird über Schulden, Zinssätze und auch Handelsentscheidungen zwischen den U.S.A. und China gesprochen. Hierzu wird vorab ein Finanzmarkt und dessen Ablauf definiert. Verschiedene Faktoren, die zu einer Finanzkrise führen könnten, werden dann erörtert und im Weiteren frühere Finanzkrisen in Bezug zum aktuellen U.S. Finanzmarkt betrachtet. Hierzu gehört eine genauere Analyse der Schuldenhöhe, des Angebots und der Nachfrage von Aktien und Anleihen, der Zinssätze, der BIP/Schulden Ratio und der Inflation.
Das Resultat der Analyse ergibt, dass die momentan finanzielle Situation der U.S.A. instabil ist und ein unvorhergesehenes Ereignis dort eine nächste Krise verursachen könnte. Zur Vermeidung letzterer wird nach eingehender Analyse ein besseres ethisches Verhalten aller Finanzakteure sowie eine strengere Kontrolle des Finanzmarktes vorgeschlagen. Nichtdestotrotz wird eine wahrscheinlich auftretende Krise von Drittländern ausgehen, die sich an einem kritischen Punkt vor der Insolvenz befinden.
In this work we will study this field with a very concrete example, which is the large American multinational Amazon. We will talk more particularly about customer centric supply chain, which is still different from supply chain management. While analyzing this special form of supply chain management, we will also look at its potential impact on today's society with the international distribution market. First, we will define the main aspects of the work such as supply chain management, Amazon, e-commerce and customer experience. Then we will analyze the company's customer centric supply chain. Finally, we will study the possible consequences of the company on the international distribution market.
Companies operating in the grocery industry are facing low customer loyalty, resulting in strong customer switching behaviour. Additionally, the high similarity of the products predominantly prevents them from deriving benefits from switching barriers. As these issues represent decisive interfering factors for a sustainable and successful business, we intend to examine possible customer retention strategies, which target an increase in customer loyalty. We aim to identify the most appropriate reward strategy in the context of customer loyalty for direct sellers in the grocery industry.
In order to compare and evaluate different possibilities, we conducted an empirical study. Our study focuses on the concrete case of bofrost*, a representative of direct sellers. A total of about 430 bofrost* customer panel members participated in an online survey. With four different survey versions, four customer groups were influenced by different specific customer retention strategies. After being confronted with unfavourable situations, participants had to state how likely they would recommend the company, intend to stay loyal to the company and abstain from competitive offers.
The survey data reveals no significant differences among the four groups. Therewith, based on the study results, we cannot diagnose the best strategy. Nevertheless, based on the theory of cognitive dissonance, we highly recommend bofrost* and other direct sellers to surprise the customer with a present, namely with a T-shirt, discreetly embroidered with the company logo. Furthermore, this research highlights the specific potential of direct sellers - especially in the grocery industry - to reinforce relational switching costs by implementing this suggested customer retention strategy. Thereby, companies can strengthen customer loyalty in the long-term and are able to prevent customers from churning. Moreover, company-specific recommendations of action are provided to bofrost*.
This research creates value to direct sellers, specifically of the grocery industry, by offering a foundation for decisionmaking regarding the design of a sustainably effective customer retention strategy. This takes companies a step closer to the increase of customer loyalty, which is essential in the light of a highly competitive market in which own customers are likely to get attracted from competitors.
Decisions are made every day, every second of our lives, and are particularly important in a business context. Projects, from their objectives to their ending are a sum of organized and unorganized decisions where facts and data battle with human nature.
In this paper, we will analyse how those decisions are organized in project management, and in general.
After having defined extensively project Management, Decision-Making and their link, a new structure of decision-making will be presented. It is composed of seven steps:
1. Establishing the objectives
2. Identify and define the challenge
3. Analyse the challenge
4. Find solutions and alternatives
5. Evaluate alternatives
6. Choosing the best solution
7. Implementing the decision.
This structure is based on Simon, Drucker, Rolstadås and other researchers’ work. It completes and extends former models in order to go beyond classical schemes.
Everyone, from the CEO to the road sweeper goes through these steps, consciously or unconsciously. Of course, all responsibilities and stakes proportionally adapted.
According to the size of the project, the consequences of the decision, the risks and many other factors, this theoretical structure shifts to fit the needs and becomes less “heavy”, being reduced to its simple titles, becoming usable for simpler tasks.
Even though this structure identifies as instinctive and easy to use, it comes out managers rarely follow formal models or strict rules in projects and decision-making. Detailed models are more suited to strategic decisions and projects, as well as during the preparation of a project.
It is important to note that we are not looking for the way to take a “good” decision, but how to take a “right” decision, as the point is to analyse the process.
The automotive after-sales business’ emphasis is on customer retention which it accomplishes by providing services such as maintenance, reparation and spare parts supply. However, not only the rapid supply of spare parts impacts customer satisfaction, but also the service of providing customers with an accurate delivery date. In this context, the Critical Parts Management department at the Mercedes-Benz Customer Assistance Center plays a crucial role because their scope of responsibility is the management of parts bottlenecks in the Mercedes-Benz after-sales logistics chain for wholesalers and retailers located worldwide. This thesis aims on establishing a rating of improvement recommendations whose implementation can positively influence the delivery date accuracy. Hence, the scope of the analysis comprises an initial assessment of the current situation and the main driving factors that impact the delivery date accuracy. This study relies on qualitative and quantitative data collection via primary research. The examination of the collected data reveals that deliveries usually occur within the scheduled week but most often not on the scheduled day. The noncompliance of involved departments to target specifications and department internal factors were identified as sources of inaccurate delivery dates. Consequently, the analysis concludes with both, external and internal improvement recommendations which are ranked according to their feasibility and possible impact considering a customer and a business centric perspective. A conceptual design of improvements identifies the composition of a reporting team to be very beneficial for both, Critical Parts Management and its customers. This term paper creates value to the department by offering a foundation to a process optimization approach. If further recommendations are implemented and continuously tracked, an increased customer satisfaction and a reduction of waste of time and money is expected to be accomplished.
After the Second World War and especially in the early 70s a new phenomenon arose – today widely known as globalization. It eliminated barriers and thus increased international competition. Companies such as Siemens, General Electrics and Procter & Gamble were forced to act globally in order to stay competitive and therefore they had to redefine their businesses in a strategic and internationally oriented manner. As one of a company’s most essential departments, human resources was tremendously forced to adapt to the changed business environment. Language skills, cultural awareness and global mobility were only a few new requirements in human resources.
Early in the beginning of globalization, large companies recognized the opportunity to outsource specific departments with the goal of cost-saving and resource bundling. Manufacturing was and still is a predestined department to make use of outsourcing, whereas the situation for other departments including IT, procurement and human resources is more complex. The main fear is losing control to the outsourcing partner. Main departments with a strategic importance for the overall success are therefore only conditionally suitable for outsourcing. Companies need to ask themselves, how much control over their human capital they are willing to sacrifice for saving costs and staying competitive. With the purpose to evade this conflict of objectives, companies seek for a hybrid model, which allowed them maintaining control and cutting costs at the same time.
In the early 70s, first companies found the solution in the Shared Service Center model, which then rapidly spread throughout a number of countries and industries. Human Resources Shared Service Centers can be defined as a hybrid model, combining advantages and avoiding disadvantages of outsourcing and decentralization of Human Resources. The Shared Service Center model is expected to lower costs, improve efficiency and service quality, and enable organizations to better focus on core functions. Although the strategy seems only having advantages, there are many aspects to consider in the pre-implementation phase. Moving to the Shared Service Center model represents an immense strategic project, including high risk, costs and impact on the overall success. For this reason, the project needs to be well planned, designed, implemented, monitored
and evaluated from the right people, at the right time and at the right place. Any small mistakes made during the project might have an unpredictable and irreversible impact and prevent the company from benefiting of the Shared Service Center model or might even force the organization to stop the project completely. Before deciding to implement Shared Service Centers, companies need to accept that there is neither guarantee for success nor a universally valid success strategy. Best and worst practices will be discovered during the transition at the earliest and a success evaluation can only happen in the post-transition phase. Although the Shared Service Center model is not a recent trend as it found first-time application many decades ago, the topic remains relevant as many companies still hesitate implementing this risky strategy. Some organizations succeeded, others failed and returned to their old approach while some are currently in the transition phase.
Before deciding to move to the Shared Service Center model, one of the top pharma company’s was facing the same issues as other companies on such a scale. The management increasingly felt the pressure to offer the same or an even better service quality at a lower price. Changing the strategy and implementing Shared Service Centers across the globe was seen as the most promising solution. The large pharma company with employees of many nationalities worldwide offers a huge variety of cultures, which can be seen as a chance, but also as an obstacle on the way to a successful Shared Service Center implementation. Primarily, the company has to consider that the project might not work in the same pace, quality and method for all countries. Finding best practices for all countries is a desirable goal, yet not easy to achieve.
This thesis is a study examining the potential of implementing automation solutions in the financial month-end close of TomTom Business Unit Automotive Finance. The aim of this study is to identify processes with potential for the implementation of Robotic Process Automation and/or Artificial Intelligence, to improve month-end close in the selected case company.
The theoretical framework delimits Digital Business Transformation from Digitalization and Digitization. It provides background knowledge on Robotic Process Automation and Artificial Intelligence and points out how digitalization impacts the finance function of the future. Furthermore, factors for successful implementation of automation are discussed.
The study applies the strategy of action research performed in a two-staged research examination, including the performance of interviews and the analysis of the interview results. The interview’s goal was to examine month-end close processes, gathering information about the process itself and its characteristics, to have a solid understanding on the processes for the subsequent analysis. The data analysis was conducted applying two different approaches, varying depending on which automation tool best suited the process.
The research result showed that half of the processes in month-end close of Automotive Finance have the automation potential. This automation is more related to the implementation of processes into SAP Analytics Cloud and the use of included Artificial Intelligence features than to the use of Robotic Process Automation.
This result confirms the theoretical findings on the high potential of automation in reporting and endorses the automation potential of month-end close in TomTom Business Unit Automotive Finance.
Bildungscontrolling - Optimierung der Weiterbildungsabläufe bei der Wilhelm Layher GmbH & Co KG
(2019)
Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit dem Bildungscontrolling in der heutigen Zeit und dem Weiterbildungsprozess der Wilhelm Layher GmbH & Co KG, einem mittelständischen Unternehmen. Die Arbeit versucht einen Überblick darüber zu geben, wie in solch einem Unternehmen Bildungscontrolling nachhaltig sein kann. Dabei werden die aktuelle Literatur zum Thema Bildungscontrolling und Best Practices analysiert um eine Empfehlung für die Wilhelm Layher GmbH & Co KG auszusprechen. Diese Empfehlung basiert zudem auf einer Soll-Ist-Analyse des Bildungscontrolling in der Wilhelm Layher GmbH & Co KG. Außerdem werden die Risiken und die Wirtschaftlichkeit dieser Empfehlung untersucht. Um die Nachhaltigkeit dieser Investition in einen neuen Weiterbildungsprozess zu garantieren, werden im Ausblick weitere mögliche Potenziale aufgezeigt, die in Zukunft genutzt werden können.
Zu erkennen, ob ein Unternehmen auf dem Aktienmarkt überbewertet oder unterbewertet ist, beschäftigt Anleger seit vielen Jahrzehnten. Zwei Instrumente, die bei dieser Bewertung helfen, sind das Capital Asset Pricing Model und das Dividend Valuation Model. Inwieweit man auf diese Modelle vertrauen kann und wo die Schwächen und Stärken der Modelle liegen, wird in dieser Arbeit untersucht. Dabei stellt sich heraus, dass vor allem die erheblichen Auswirkungen von marginalen Änderungen einzelner Faktoren der Modelle auf das Ergebnis als kritisch zu bezeichnen sind. Besonders auffällig sind hier der Betafaktor beim CAPM sowie die Wachstumsrate beim DVM. Aus diesem Grund sollte man nicht zu sehr auf den errechneten Werten beharren, da die Berechnungen mithilfe der Modelle dafür zu unpräzise sind. Die Werte sollten daher vielmehr als Tendenz angesehen werden, um die Entwicklung der Kurse zu prognostizieren.
Islamic banking is the new trend emergent within the modern-day banking industry, yet minimal literature is written about it. Most of the literary content today is regarding conventional banking, especially in non-Muslim countries and continents, Europe and U.S. included. Lack of literature is a threat to the operationalization of both modes of banking, due to lack of information and market analysis data. One of the fields where minimal literature coverage exists is market regulation – which is basically information as to how these two types of banking are regulated according to legislative structures. In light of this literature gap, this study emerges to explore the market regulative structure of both Islamic and conventional banks. The methodology to collect primary data is through interviews of selected players in both Islamic and conventional banks, such as bank managers, consultants, and personnel in the IT and finance department. The results of the interviews demonstrate that Islamic banks are faced with shortage of market regulation structures while conventional banks, on the other hand, are overwhelmed with over-regulation. The study provides several feasible solutions for these challenges.
The relationship between health care practitioners and the pharmaceutical industry is increasingly drawing public attention due to misguided behaviour. Practices like gift giving, holding luxurious conferences or allowences for research are under scrutiny. With all these influences, how can practicioners stay neutral and have the interest of patients in mind? And what is the level of emotions and data used by the pharma industry when marketing drugs to a physician? In order to find out, we targeted pharmaceutical industry managers and directors to participate in an eleven question online questionnaire. For example, participants were asked to rate the best approach between data and emotions to persuade physicians. The results show tendencies in the data, but fail to show significant evidence for our hypotheses. Further research is needed in order to clarify which factors influence the decision for an emotional or data driven approach.
Diese Arbeit untersucht den Bullwhip-Effekt und dessen Einfluss auf die Supply Chain und der jeweiligen Teilnehmer. Da Unternehmen stetig nach Wachstum streben, ist ein reibungsloser Materialfluss entlang der Lieferkette Grundvoraussetzung. Aufgrund von globalen und immer komplexeren Lieferketten, ist die Zusammenarbeit zwischen den Unternehmen nicht immer einfach und optimal. Fehlerhafte Bestellpolitik und das Treffen von irrationalen Entscheidungen stellen für die Unternehmen Probleme dar. Genau diese Probleme spiegelt der Bullwhip-Effekt wider, indem durch mangelnde Kooperation letztendlich Entscheidungen, bezüglich des Bestellvorgangs autonom getroffen werden und diesen Effekt somit bestärken. Diese Arbeit untersucht die Entstehung und den Einfluss des Bullwhip-Effekts auf die Supply Chain. Des Weiteren werden Methoden, die den Bullwhip-Effekt reduzieren bzw. beseitigen können erläutert. Auf Grundlage dieser Erkenntnisse werden die theoretischen Ansätze anhand eines Simulationsbeispiels gestützt und erklärt.
Diese Bachelorarbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, inwieweit die unterschiedliche Nutzung von Formalität und Informalität Auswirkungen auf den Arbeitsplatz haben. Es wurden sowohl die Vor- als auch die Nachteile des Siezens und des Duzens untersucht, sowie auch welche anderen möglichen Einflüsse auf die Form der Anrede existieren. Eine erweiterte Untersuchung dieser Fragestellung erfolgte durch eine Befragung verschiedener Arbeitgeber und Arbeitnehmer zu dem ihrigen Verhaltung bei der Arbeit.
Diese Bachelorthesis diskutiert die Bedeutung eines nachhaltigen Produktmanagements, um langfristig die Kaufbereitschaft von Waschmittel bei Schweizer Konsumenten zu steigern. Aufgrund der derzeitigen Umweltthematik ist es notwendig, dass sowohl Unternehmen als auch Konsumenten nachhaltiges Verhalten annehmen können. Diese Arbeit erschließt Handlungsempfehlungen für den Waschmittelmarkt in der Schweiz. Bezogen auf die Unilever Schweiz GmbH, soll verstanden werden, welche Erfolgsfaktoren Konsumenten zu einem nachhaltigen Kauf animieren. Basierend auf einer Literaturrecherche, die sich auf gegenwärtige Theorien bezieht, werden Preisstrategien, Produktauslobungen, PoS Kommunikationen, das Markenmanagement sowie die Einschränkung von Entscheidungsfaktoren berücksichtigt. Durch eine Wettbewerbsanalyse sowie durch einen Konsumententest werden Erfolgsfaktoren verifiziert. Diese quantitative und qualitative Erhebung ermöglicht eine ganzheitliche Betrachtung des Waschmittelmarktes, wobei Strategien gezielt für die Unilever Schweiz GmbH implementiert werden können.
Digitalization is fundamentally changing business models, amongst others, the consumer purchase behavior. The changes in how people are gathering information and purchasing via the Internet nowadays is one of the major reasons why marketing is shifting to digital. Especially for B-to-B companies, whose purpose is to create customers and build long term relationships, it is crucial to set up digital touchpoints along the customer journey. Within this digital customer journey, the research focuses on the meaning of search engine marketing as an initial point for lead generation. The thesis aims to show how to take advantage of search engine marketing for lead generation from the example of the Grässlin company by examining theoretical framework and carrying out expert interviews such as a competitive analysis about search engine marketing in the industry. The findings of the research suggest recommendations for action regarding search engine optimization and search engine advertising in order to improve the digital presence of the company but also to enhance customer-centered communication according to Inbound Marketing.