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Traditional networking severely limits the dynamic requirements of newly emerging
use cases like the Internet of Things. For this reason, this thesis is fundamentally
concerned with the proposal of a software-defined networking approach for industrial
IoT networks. We revisit the core concepts, examine related work and subsequently
present an SDN-focused edge architecture for the KOSMoS research project. In this regard, we aim to improve network flexibility, scalability, maintainability and security.
Finally, the developed concept is implemented as an emulated proof of concept in order to assess its feasibility. For our prototype, we present an intent-driven approach that automatically compiles and deploys network configuration policies based on business goals submitted as description templates.
Impact of restricted contact between grandparents and grandchildren during the COVID-19 pandemic
(2021)
The Elephant in the Room - Educating Practitioners on Software Development for Sustainability
(2021)
Sustainability is a major concern for our society today. Software acts as a catalyst to support different business activities which have an impact on sustainability. Research from software engineering and other academic disciplines have proposed various software sustainability guidelines, tools, and methods to support software sustainability design in industry. However, there are still challenges on how to design and engineer sustainability into software products by software development practitioners in industry using those proposed sustainability guidelines and tools. The goal of this research is to seek understanding on what software sustainability means for software development practitioners and identify how to properly support engineering of sustainability into software design and development through academic research. Data were gathered and analyzed using grounded theory from workshop with different software development practitioners to seek their understanding on what sustainability means in their software systems. The results show economic and technical sustainability dimensions are the most important to software development practitioners for software sustainability. While the social sustainability dimension was not considered for software sustainability. The findings from this study indicates contrast in academia where all sustainability dimensions are treated as an important element to achieve software sustainability. Therefore, there is need for better collaboration between industry and academia to improve understanding of software sustainability and support effective sustainability engineering in software systems.
Context: It is impossible to imagine our everyday and professional lives without software. Consequently, software products, especially socio-technical systems, have more or less obvious impacts on almost all areas of our society. For this purpose, a group of scientists worldwide has developed the Sustainability Awareness Framework (SusAF) which examines the impacts on five interrelated dimensions: social, individual, environmental, economic, and technical. According to this framework, we should design software to maintain or improve the Sustainability Impacts. Designing for sustainability is a major challenge that can profoundly change the field of activity – particular for Software Engineers. Objectives: The aim of the thesis work is to analyze the current role of Software Engineers and relate it to Sustainability Impacts of Software Products in order to contribute to this paradigm shift. This should provide a basis for follow-up works. The question in which direction exactly the Software Engineer should develop and how exactly this path can be followed is still owed by the scientific community. Perhaps universities will have to adapt the curriculum in the training of Software Engineers, politics could possibly initiate support programs in the field of sustainability for software companies, or maybe software sustainability certifications could emerge. In any case, Software Engineers must adapt to the times and acquire the necessary knowledge, the skills and the competencies. Results: The results of the dissertation are a better understanding of the needed paradigm shift of Software Engineers and comeplement the SusAF that to better support sustainability design. The extended SusAF is intended for both training and corporate use.
The project business in the packaging machine industry is highly volatile. Although the industry is steadily growing, firms face increasing financial constraints due to external, difficult to control, factors. This thesis examines the underlying concepts and processes of a Supply Chain Finance implementation, using the Syntegon Group as an empirical example. Due to the extended payment terms of customers and the currently undergoing refinancing measures, the analysis about potential liquidity increasing measures becomes extremely relevant for Syntegon. The research questions covered focus on cash liquidity increases, working capital improvement and alternatives to Supply Chain Finance solutions.
This research aims to provide an informed recommendation about the implementation of Supply Chain Finance. The research is divided into two major parts. The first part discusses the underlying theoretical frameworks to understand the concept of working capital and supply chain management. These concepts are of great importance for the understanding of Supply Chain Finance and its relevance in today’s globalized world. The second part focuses on a detailed empirical analysis of the Syntegon Group. Hereby, the qualitative research involves expert interviews with various departments of the Syntegon Group. The answers of the interviewees are evaluated based on the different categories. This allows for a direct comparison of the interviewee’s answers.
The quantitative analysis consists of the key figure analyses. These allow an informed statement about the current financial situation of the group. By calculating potential payment term extensions and the consequential cash flow opportunities, an estimation about the benefit of the implementation of Supply Chain Finance can be made. Lastly, the cost-benefit analysis of implementing such a solution versus receiving the money as a bank loan is determined.
The results of the calculation and analyses have shown that payment term extensions offer large cash flow opportunities for the Syntegon Group. Receiving a bank loan in the same amount as the unlocked working capital would result in a lower benefit.
Although further research beyond this thesis is needed, the clear benefits of implementing a Supply Chain Finance solution to increase liquidity are demonstrated.
This thesis deals with the CO2 footprint of the Porsche Taycan. Porsche aims to become a carbon neutral company by 2030 and is therefore looking for potentials of improvement. This thesis intends to find solutions to reduce the carbon footprint of the Porsche Taycan over its entire life cycle.
First, the thesis deals with the theoretical framework of conducting a Life Cycle Assessment based on the DIN EN ISO 14040 and DIN EN ISO 14044 standards. Then, the Porsche Taycan and its battery system are introduced.
A CO2 hotspot analysis is carried out for the entire life cycle of the battery of the Porsche Taycan Turbo S and thus potential for improvement is identified. The main CO2 hotspots are… [DELTED FOR CONFIDENTIALITY REASONS].
Furthermore, an Excel tool is built to model the entire life cycle of the Taycan. This tool is used to carry out a sensitivity analysis for selected parameters. The analysis shows how sensitive the carbon footprint reacts to changes and thus helps making decisions upon where improvements can be made.
Based on the two analyses it is, among other things, recommended that Porsche… [DELTED FOR CONFIDENTIALITY REASONS].
Global warming and its impacts on the environment, the human being and the economy are one of the biggest challenges of the 21st century. With the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration being the main driver of global warming, the necessity arises to address the issue of carbon dioxide emissions. Next to the avoidance, the reduction and the compensation of emissions, negative emissions are moving into the focus of decision-makers in politics and in the economy. These can be created using either nature-based methods or negative emission technologies. The paper “Methods for generating negative emissions: Are negative emission technologies a climatically and economically viable alternative to nature-based methods?” aims to answer the research questions whether negative emission technologies are a more effective instrument to create negative emissions than nature-based methods and, under which circumstances an investment in these technologies is reasonable for a company.
The method used to answer the questions is a literature research to perform a comparison of two examples. The afforestation project Bonn Challenge serves as example for a nature-based method to create negative emissions while the Direct-Air-Capture plant “Orca” by the company climeworks AG is used as an example for a negative emission technology. A benefit analysis is conducted to assess the effect on carbon dioxide concentration and a net present value calculation is carried out to enable an investment decision under different scenarios.
The paper finds that Direct Air Capture is a more effective way to reduce the atmospheric carbon dioxide than the afforestation. The crucial advantage of the technology is the permanent storage of the removed carbon dioxide and the immediate carbon dioxide effect. Furthermore, the results of the net present value calculation imply that in the short-term an investment in negative emissions is not economical. In the long run, rising prices for emission certificates and the possibility to sell removed and stored carbon dioxide or to offer carbon dioxide removal as a service can make an investment in negative emission technologies like Direct Air Capture reasonable. A condition for that is that the cost of carbon dioxide removal with Direct Air Capture is reduced to 100 $/tCO2 between 2026 and 2031 depending on the applied interest rate.
Based on the found results, the paper suggests that from a climate protection perspective, negative emission technologies should not be seen as alternatives to nature-based methods but that different approaches to create negative emissions must be combined to meet climate targets. The paper also proposes that prices for emission certificates in the EU-ETS should be increased as soon as possible in order to promote an investment in negative emission technologies. Also, further research using more detailed data and covering more aspects is recommended.
There is a growing trend for multinational enterprises to send their expatriate employees on international assignments to achieve corporate development, human resource goals and to gain a competitive advantage in the global context. Therefore, the performance and productivity of international assignees play a major role for them and the organization. However, expatriate research has so far rarely taken into account the factors that do not directly relate to expatriate performance. Instead, research has focused on expatriate success and failure. However, the literature shows that neither can yet be clearly defined. Therefore, this study instead focuses on expatriate performance and productivity by placing special emphasis on literature gaps. Hence, in this study the importance of several factors is tested, namely: 1) overall international experience, 2) informal social networks, and 3) expatriate family. As this research aims to develop practical approaches to managing critical circumstances when relocating overseas, a link between theory and previous study findings has been established. To provide a point of departure for Global People Transitions GmbH, a special focus has been placed on organizational support and intercultural training. The data have been collected through guided expert interviews with six participants, three of them expatriates, two expatriate spouses, and one repatriate. The study results have found that the tested factors have an impact on expatriate adjustment and, consequently, on expatriate performance and productivity. In addition, several aspects to improve expatriate performance and productivity have been identified, such as providing organizational support or creating structures and routines. Lastly, it has become clear that research on international assignments is very elusive due to several underlying factors that influence the matter.
Demethylating therapy increases anti-CD123 CAR T cell cytotoxicity against acute myeloid leukemia
(2021)
In edge/fog computing infrastructures, the resources and services are offloaded to the edge and computations are distributed among different nodes instead of transmitting them to a centralized entity. Distributed Hash Table (DHT) systems provide a solution to organizing and distributing the computations and storage without involving a trusted third party. However, the physical locations of nodes are not considered during the creation of the overlay which causes some efficiency issues. In this paper, Locality aware Distributed Addressing (LADA) model is proposed that can be adopted in distributed infrastructures to create an overlay that considers the physical locations of participating nodes. LADA aims to address the efficiency issues during the store and lookup processes in DHT overlay. Additionally, it addresses the privacy issue in similar proposals and removes any possible set of fixed entities. Our studies showed that the proposed model is efficient, robust and is able to protect the privacy of the locations of the participating nodes.
Mobility management is a key feature of mobile edge
computing. We present an edge cloud infrastructure testbed to
explore various mobility scenarios. The design objection of this testbed has been a flexible open platform based on commodity hardware that can easily be scaled with more edge devices and compute resources to perform various edge cloud experiments. As first experiments on our testbed, we have investigated the feasibility of task migration among edge devices caused by edge device overload and unpredictable user movements. We describe the migration process and present some measurements to demonstrate the feasibility.
Abrasive tools
(2021)
Abrasives
(2021)