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Gefügeanalyse metallischer Werkstoffe: Mit der passenden Präparation optimale Ergebnisse erzielen
(2022)
Corrosion is a process that needs to be viewed carefully in context with the examined metals or alloys as well as the ambient conditions (e.g. electrolyte composition). Additive manufacturing processes with their formation a of microscale melt and rapid solidification of that melt can lead to microstructures that can differ extremely from conventional manufacturing processes in terms of their homogeneity and distribution of (alloying) elements. Therefore, process–related local inclusions can be formed with higher amounts of certain alloying elements than their surroundings which result in different chemical potentials. Corrosion experiments performed with additive manufactured parts (e.g. made of pure titanium or titanium alloys) show the release of potentially unwanted alloy constituents, which in turn can affect the long–term behavior of the part negatively. As part of the investigations it is shown what kind of influence the additive manufacturing process can have on such built parts and how subsequently applied treatments like machining or heat treatment can alter the properties of the material and produced component. Different methods like metallography or potentiodynamic polarization with subsequent mass spectrometric analyses were eventually performed to investigate the mentioned material properties and behaviour.
Additive Manufacturing is a highly innovative and pioneering process that offers among others a high degree of flexibility and complexity in terms of the part design or the possibility to integrate various functions in a single part. Therefore, it possesses great chances to establish itself as a significant method within the entire field of manufacturing processes in the near future. The used materials and their thermodynamic behavior determine the resulting properties of parts built in this way, but also by the generated microstructure. Regarding the whole process with its formation of a microscale melt and ongoing rapid solidification a variety of different microstructures can be created, which in turn can affect the mechanical as well as chemical properties and the long–term behavior to a great extent. Furthermore, it can be seen that different metals and alloys in combination with the process conditions can result in different and/or fluctuating qualities of the manufactured components. Nonetheless, additive manufacturing can lead to a noticeably enhancement of materials or products that were manufactured and processed with traditional methods so far and open new possibilities and perspectives in the research and development sector. However, this means that it is crucial to adapt currently used tests and methods to the new properties and manufacturing process.