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Diese Bachelorarbeit untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen der Persönlichkeitsdimension Agreeableness und dem Führungsverständnis einer bestimmten Führungsrolle – dem Coach. Bisherige Analysen fanden positive Korrelationen zwischen Agreeableness und Führungsformen, die dem Verständnis des Coaches ähneln. In einer Korrelationsanalyse konnte ein positiver Zusammenhang gefunden werden. Außerdem wurden Geschlechterunterschiede innerhalb der Dimension Agreeableness untersucht. Im Durchschnitt weisen Frauen höhere Ausprägungen in der Dimension auf als Männer. In einem Mittelwertvergleich konnte dies jedoch nicht bestätigt werden
This paper reflects the topic of risk regarding an individual’s propensity to engage in risky behavior. Therefore, a survey was conducted among four different cultures to study cultural effects on risk-taking behavior. These contained Germany, France, China, and Latin America with a total sample size of 655. The applied questionnaire covered seven different domains regarding social, recreational, health/safety, ethical, investment, gambling, and business risk for which the participants had to assess the likelihood to engage in theoretical situations on a scale of 1 to 6. Significant cultural differences, as well as domain-specificity, could be confirmed using several one-way ANOVAs for the statistical evaluation. In this case, in comparison with the other cultures, Germany showed the highest risk propensity in the social domain, France for recreational and ethical risk, Latin America in the business as well as health/safety sector, and China in the investment and gambling domain.
Abstract
Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, herauszufinden, ob sich EasyAbroad auf dem Markt durchsetzen kann. Dazu wird als Grundlage die PESTEL-Analyse und das Fünf-Kräfte-Modell angewendet. Im Mittelpunkt stehen die halbstrukturierten Einzelinterviews, die mit zwei Kundengruppen der Plattform geführt wurden, um die folgenden Leitfragen zu beantworten: Inwiefern sind Hochschulen bereit, jährlich für eine Lizenz zu zahlen, die es ihren Studierenden ermöglicht, EasyAbroad zu nutzen? Welche Plattformen und/oder Ansätze haben Studierenden bisher genutzt, um eine Unterkunft für ihr Auslandssemester und/oder Auslandspraktikum zu finden? Was ist den Studierenden bei einer Plattform zur Wohnungssuche für das Semester im Ausland wichtig? Die Ergebnisse der qualitativen Studie zeigen, dass Studierende bei der Wohnungssuche länderspezifische Plattformen, internationale Plattformen, Empfehlungen einer Kontaktperson und Universitätsdienste nutzen. Plattformfunktionen, die Vertrauen und Sicherheit vermitteln, wie zum Beispiel Bewertungen, sind für Studierende besonders wichtig. Weitere wichtige Faktoren sind eine gute visuelle Darstellung und Beschreibung der Unterkunft sowie niedrige Gebühren, zusätzliche Informationen, die sich nicht auf die Unterkunft beziehen, sondern beispielsweise auf Ausflugsempfehlungen, ein übersichtliches Design und eine einfache Nutzung der Plattform, zum Beispiel für eine schnelle Kontaktaufnahme mit dem Eigentümer/der Eigentümerin. EasyAbroad erfüllt alle diese Kriterien, was darauf hindeutet, dass das Unternehmen in der Lage ist, den Markt zu durchdringen. Die Hochschulen haben andere Optionen für die Bezahlung der Plattform anstelle der geplanten Nutzungsgebühr vorgeschlagen, beispielsweise den Kauf von Factsheets nur für bestimmte Länder, in denen es schwierig ist, eine Unterkunft zu finden, was dennoch eine Marktdurchsetzung ermöglichen würde. Aufbauend auf dieser Studie könnten neue Forschungen durchgeführt werden, um das Thema Auslandssemester und Wohnungssuche in der Literatur stärker zu verankern.
This paper investigates the influence of manipulated attention on the perceived severity of financial risks. Participants undertake an online survey where they get exposed to images of various financial risk sources, while their attention is directed towards one of five available visual images of financial risk hazards.
Beforehand, they are instructed to remember and repeat the respective labeling of all pictures. It is ensured that the attended picture is randomly chosen, and the participants are aware of the corresponding names. Subsequently, participants are asked to rate the risk on four related characteristics.
Considering the responses of 292 people, only the numerical values indicate differences between attended and unattended risks, but the applied statistical measures provide no evidence for this hypothesis.
Pro-environmental attitude is, on many occasions, a weak indicator for pro-environmental behavior. Personal interests interfere with the human desire to follow normative goals during the decision-making process, which may result in the unpleasant state of attitudinal ambivalence. The more balanced two contrary attitudes are, the higher is the chance for external persuasion as it may decrease the internal ambivalent conflict. However, moral informational interventions seem not to cause the desired behavioral change but may instead increase the sense of resignation and guilt. This paper aims to set focus on the attitude-behavior relationship in the concrete example of plastic-packed food and how post-decisional evaluations vary when either individual (hedonic or gain goal) or collective motives (normative goal) are being followed. Measured indications for actual disengagement or attitude adaption are relatively weak but felt ambivalence in the case of immoral decisions could be demonstrated in the form of response times. Practical conclusions that may facilitate pro-environmental behavior are being presented at the end of the work.
Young wine consumers are becoming increasingly important for the wine industry, but also represent a challenge for wine businesses as their consumer behavior and attitude towards wine differs from other generations. This relative new group of wine consumers shows a comparatively low level of wine knowledge, while focusing wine choice criteria rather on different attributes, namely wine bottle optics, including label and bottle optic in general. Being aware of wine consumers choice criteria and its implications is crucial for wine marketers to successfully attract their potential customers. The presented thesis uses grounded theory to determine how the choice criteria of wine bottle optic influences the choice criteria of taste, in Gen Z wine consumers. For this purpose, a group of ten Gen Z wine consumers took part in a qualitative experiment, including pre- and post-test interviews, to determine attitude and behavior of participants concerning the wine choice criteria of taste and wine bottle optic. The findings of the study suggest that the choice criteria of wine bottle optic can overrule the importance of the wines actual taste in the decision process of wines. Furthermore, insights into the participants awareness of their own choice criteria, the influence of cognitive dissonance on the topic, as well as general attitude towards wine, such as the low level of knowledge and the preference for wine consumption in social context, could be generated.
Ziel dieser Arbeit ist ein Verhaltensänderungskonzept für ein neu entwickeltes Produkt namens „ISA“ zu erarbeiten. Dazu wurde eine umfassende Literaturrecherche durchgeführt, um relevante Theorien, Konzepte und Vorgehensweisen zu erschließen. Das Ergebnis der Arbeit ist ein Interventionskonzept auf Basis der Sozialkognitiven Theorie, welches als Grundlage für weitere Forschungen verwendet werden kann.
Diese Literaturarbeit hat zum Ziel, für die heutige Personalentwicklung Anhaltspunkte zu liefern, bezüglich der Integration von digitaler Lehre, Blended Learning und der Förderung Intergenerationaler Lernprozesse im Unternehmen.
Der Bildungsbereich in der betrieblichen Fort- und Weiterbildung sieht sich einer höchst heterogenen Belegschaft gegenüber, die darin befähigt werden muss in einer sich stetig verändernden digitalisierten Welt zu arbeiten und zu lernen. Die Intergenerationalität kann hier als Ressource angesehen werden, wenn die richtigen Räume für Begegnung und das gemeinsame altersübergreifende Lernen geschaffen werden. So kann Fachwissen ausgetauscht, Vorurteile abgebaut und soziale Netzwerke gestärkt werden. Selbst bis ins hohe Alter sind Menschen fähig zu lernen, wenn ihnen bedarfsgerechte Bildungsmaßnahmen zur Verfügung gestellt werden und ein arbeitsnahes Lebenslanges Lernen ermöglicht wird. Auch die digitale Lehre kann hier einen Nutzen erbringen, wenn sie didaktisch sinnvoll ausgerichtet und implementiert wird. Voraussetzungen dafür sind die entsprechenden Infrastrukturellen Zugangsmöglichkeiten sowie die Medienkompetenzen der Mitarbeiter, die sie brauchen, um mit Medien effizient umzugehen. Blended Learning kann eine gute Möglichkeit für die betriebliche Bildung bieten, digitale Lehre wertschöpfend mit analogen Lehrmethoden zu verknüpfen, um so individuelle, flexible und effektive Lernangebote für Mitarbeiter anzubieten. Durch die hohe Flexibilität und den großen Gestaltungsfreiraum eines Blended Learning Angebots, besteht für jedes Unternehmen die Möglichkeit ein Konzept zu entwickeln, dass auf die eigenen Mitarbeiter, Rahmenbedingungen und Ressourcen zugeschnitten ist. Der Personalentwicklung kommt hier die essenzielle Aufgabe zu, diese Konzepte strukturiert und didaktisch sinnvoll zu konzipieren und digitale Medien dort einzubinden, wo sie als nützliche Ergänzung oder Erweiterung eingesetzt werden können. Die flexible Rahmung des Blended Learning und seiner Ausgestaltung, die auf selbständiges und aktives Lernen abzielen, können bei erfolgreicher, Lerner-zentrierten und didaktischen Ausrichtung auch als ein Raum für altersübergreifende Begegnungen genutzt werden, um Intergenerationelles Lernen zu fazilitieren. Die Ausrichtung auf die Zielgruppe und dem Fokus auf der Förderung selbständigen Lernens, Lebenslangen Lernens und intergenerationeller Lernprozesse sind dabei die Grundlagen, nach denen die Personalentwicklung digitale Lehre und Blended Learning unternehmensspezifisch ausrichten muss.
Die Verfolgung einer klaren Transferstrategie kann laut mehreren Studien den sportlichen und wirtschaftlichen Output eines Fußballklubs erhöhen. In dieser Arbeit sollen die relevanten Faktoren für die Entwicklung und Verfolgung solcher Transferstrategien herausgearbeitet werden. Hierfür wird das Thema durch den Literaturteil in den Gesamtkontext des Profifußballbereichs eingebettet, wobei verschiedene Aspekte wie zum Beispiel die Kommerzialisierung des Fußballs oder der Ablauf des Transferprozesses betrachtet werden. Danach werden im empirischen Teil die Durchführung und Ergebnisse von neun Interviews mit Experten aus dem Bereich der Kaderplanung dargestellt. Die Interpretation und Diskussion der Ergebnisse sowie der Vergleich mit der Literatur zeigen, dass Alter, Entwicklungsstand und Kosten eines Spielers für strategische Transferentscheidungen relevant sind. Entscheidend ist außerdem die Ausrichtung der Strategie nach den Zielsetzungen und Rahmenbedingungen des Vereins. Zu beachten ist schließlich, dass eine klare Definition der Strategie zwar sinnvoll ist, eine flexible Anpassung an externe und interne Veränderung dabei aber gewährleistet bleiben muss.
In times of demographic change, globalization, digitalization and change in the coming generations, human resources development with the qualification and further development of executives is becoming increasingly important. The company Adolf Würth GmbH & Co. KG has introduced the new management level of team leader for sales and administration since the beginning of 2021. In addition to the team leaders in sales and administration, there is an unofficial management level in logistics. The team leader level at Adolf Würth GmbH & Co. KG has already existed for several years but has received little attention in terms of development and qualification.
The topic of the paper deals with the importance of the qualification of managers on team leader level in the logistics of Adolf Würth GmbH & Co. KG. Thereby the work deals with the construct of leading, the manager in general and the development measures in a company. A deeper insight is given in this area into the various qualification programs of Adolf Würth GmbH & Co. KG.
The qualitative content analysis according to Mayring is applied for the question to be answered, whether the qualification of the managers on team leader level is attributed an importance and if so, how this is weighted. The results of the interviews indicate that the Würth company attaches great importance to the qualification of managers at team leader level, and thus a high significance. This is made clear by appropriate points, such as the influence on the employees by their shown behavior and actions. Furthermore, this is in direct connection with the leadership styles and leadership behavior, which can be influenced by the development and promotion of competencies.
Personal and professional development is a great incentive for many employees to apply for a job with a company. If this is lacking, however, it can also be a reason to look for a new employer. Now it can be assumed that personnel development looks different in every company. Given this diversity, how can you choose a company if you want to continue your education? How should one know how the personnel development in a company is regulated? One can divide company structure and culture into hierarchical, traditional, or agile, known as dynamic and adapting. Are there differences in their ways to develop their employees that could help applicants to know how their development will be in a company? The paper deals with the theoretical investigation of possible differences between the human resource development in agile and in hierarchical organisations, followed by partly-structured expert interviews with experts out of eight companies about how they manage their employee development and exchange of knowledge. They were categorized in agile and hierarchical according to some structural and cultural questions at the beginning.
The question of this paper is, if there are tendencies of the same kind of organization in terms of structure and culture, to also have the same approach of Human resource development. Further the study is conducted to find out if there are differences in the tendencies between hierarchical and agile organizations, as well as where they lie.
The results suggest that there are tendencies of the same kind of organization to have a similar approach to their human resource development. Differences could be found in terms of distribution of responsibility, frequency and content of feedback meetings and used methods for training and knowledge exchange. This is important for companies who want to compare and improve their approach and for people who want to apply to companies but want to know beforehand their responsibility for their training and how the process is going to be.
In den letzten Jahren hat sich die Forschung über das Verhältnis zwischen den Geschlechtern in der Führung stark ausgeweitet. Die wachsende Präsenz von Frauen in leitenden Positionen motiviert weiterhin die Wissenschaft über den Führungsstil von Frauen zu forschen, insbesondere um festzustellen, ob Frauen ihre eigene Art zu führen haben. In dieser Arbeit wird neuere Literatur zur Ermittlung und Erklärung von geschlechtsspezifischen Unterschieden im Führungsverhalten untersucht und diskutiert. Neben einem Überblick darüber was Führung ist, werden verschiedene Perspektiven von Führungsansätzen beleuchtet und zahlreiche Dimensionen und Faktoren von Führungsverhalten zusammengeführt. Geschlechterunterschiede im allgemeinen, Stereotypen und das Umfeld von den wahrgenommenen Geschlechterrollen werden untersucht. Theoretische Ansätze werden im Hinblick auf ihren Beitrag zu den Argumenten für und gegen geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede überprüft und diskutiert. Die Beziehung zwischen Führungsstilen und Geschlechterrollen könnte als Femininität mit Orientierung auf zwischenmenschliche Beziehung und Maskulinität mit Aufgabenorientierung dargestellt werden. Obwohl in diesem Bereich bereits eine Reihe von Untersuchungen durchgeführt wurden, ist die Frage, ob es einen Führungsstil gibt, der weibliche Führungskräfte von männlichen unterscheidet, nicht eindeutig beantwortet worden. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird neben der Literatur ein unabhängiger Geschlechtervergleich anhand eines Führungsrolleninventars analysiert und untersucht. Die Gründe für geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede im Führungsverhalten werden auch im Zusammenhang mit der Wahrnehmung der Geschlechterstereotypen analysiert.
The market for foods and beverages is one of the largest worldwide. Thus, there is a lot of interest in understanding and predicting consumer behavior. Two subjects that have gained attention recently in the food sector are perceived naturalness and high-tech eco-innovations like cultured meat. This work addresses how the preference for natural products and the inference of product attributes via perceived naturalness causes problems for novel technological food products. By reviewing existing literature following questions will be answered: (1) What do most people assume about the health, taste, sustainability, and safety of food products based on perceived naturalness? (2) How is the public acceptance of high-tech food eco-innovations influenced by a lack of perceived naturalness? (3) How can these challenges be addressed by food businesses? It will first be determined what natural means for customers and how it influences food choices in general. The main findings based on the currently available market research are consumers do not desire to consume any highly unnatural foods including technological eco-innovations and it might be more efficient in terms of sustainability gains and customer needs to commit resources to developing existing products or eco-innovations that are perceived to be natural.
Platforms are increasingly playing a more critical role in companies’ activities. The intense competition in the market and the global economic situation have promoted the transformation of traditional business models, making enterprises adopt digital transformation solutions (Ot, 2022).
Nowadays, there is an increasing amount of data generated on the internet and mobile apps, which have allowed the exponential growth of platforms, allowing value cocreation and enabling an ecosystem composition that has transformed the linear value chain into a platform business model (Şimşek, Öner, Kunday, & Olcayc, 2022).
The healthcare industry has experienced significant changes in recent years, driven by technological advances, increasing focus on cost-effectiveness and quality of healthcare services.
The use of technology and digital platforms to offer care and enhance patient experience is one of the main areas on which healthcare organizations focus. There is a high potential for telemedicine and remote patient monitoring to revolutionize healthcare services (Sjöström, Lars, & Eva, 2017).
The creation of integrated care models, which combine various health providers to give patients a better treatment and service, is another important topic of interest for healthcare organizations. Integrated care models can enhance patient outcomes, save healthcare costs, and boost patient satisfaction. Integrated healthcare models can also help in reducing healthcare system division and enhancing the coordination of care services for patients (Kodner & Spreeuwenberg, 2002).
Other digital initiatives such as data analytics and artificial intelligence are also emerging as a promising approach to improve healthcare services' quality and support decision-making in healthcare. These technologies can provide more accurate and timely information to healthcare providers and enable more effective and efficient care delivery. Medical service transformation is a cross-departmental and cross-level collaboration that demands the participation of the government, firms, consumers, and other participants (Hughes, Shaw, & Greenhalgh, 2020). The Healthcare system has shifted its service from supply management to value cocreation, rebuilding the social framework through technological change. This new business model approach gives openings to different members to cocreate and add value to current products and services (Leone, Schiavone, Appio, & Chiao, 2021).
Despite the benefits of introducing digitalization and a multi-level business model to the healthcare system, its application has needed to be faster because of multiple factors, such as information integration and the application of connectivity technologies and the telematic infrastructure. Additionally, the healthcare system represents a complex structure regulated by the government and dynamized by the interaction of individuals and service providers. Therefore, some other challenges represent the governmental laws and regulations, patient information privacy concerns, and stakeholders’ willingness to adopt the business model. (Viswanadham, 2021).
Therefore, this study aims to research the Status Quo of the Health Care Industry and to explore the opportunities and challenges of platform business models in the healthcare industry.
The results of this study can provide insights into the critical success factors that can help to drive the adoption and implementation of multilevel business models. It also can inform the decision-making strategies and healthcare initiatives adopted by different countries due to digitalization.
This thesis examines the effects of social interaction and the interaction channel on affective commitment. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a major increase in the implementation of remote working policies in organizations. This development has significantly reduced the quantity and quality of social interactions among employees. In an experimental setting, subjects were assigned a level of social interaction, either limited or extensive and an interaction channel, either offline or online. Participants were given a task in which they had to find as many words as possible ending on a specific letter. Affective commitment was measured as the time spent on the task as well as the number of words found. Afterwards, subjects received a questionnaire with statements about their perceived affective commitment for which they had to indicate their level of agreement. The results indicate that extensive social interaction has a significant positive effect on affective commitment. Although the findings of the experiment are not significant for the interaction channel, some of the survey results hint towards a possible positive effect of offline interaction on the subject’s perception of affective commitment. Furthermore, it is hypothesized that there may be a discrepancy between displayed and perceived affective commitment. Taking the study results and available literature into consideration, organizations should warrant in-person interaction whenever possible and provide enough time and space for short informal conversations among employees to increase levels of affective commitment.
The literature on feedback was reviewed with respect to its effectiveness. The argument was made that the effectiveness is determined by the recipient´s feedback orientation (openness to feedback). The factors were explored by answering three questions derived from the hypothesized feedback orientation theory from Trost (2020). The research indicated two factors that contribute to employee feedback orientation. The first factor is the feedback source who should have a coach leadership style. The second factor is the feedback environment which should have the element of learning and coaching.
Der seit mehreren Jahren bestehende Nachhaltigkeitstrend in Deutschland lässt bei Konsumierenden ein regionales Umdenken im Lebensmittelkauf beobachten. Die Herkunftsangabe von Lebensmitteln suggeriert den Verbrauchenden dabei bestimmte Produkteigenschaften. Gegenstand dieser Arbeit ist der Zusammenhang zwischen regionalen Lebensmitteln und Nachhaltigkeit aus Verbrauchersicht. In einer empirischen Studie werden Verbrauchende quantitativ zu diesem Themenfeld anhand der Beispielregion Allgäu befragt. Es wird analysiert, inwiefern regionale Lebensmittel von Verbrauchenden als nachhaltig eingeschätzt werden. Nachhaltigkeit wird hierbei in der ökologischen, sozial-kulturellen sowie ökonomischen Dimension betrachtet. Zudem wird untersucht, inwieweit ein regionaler Bezug der Verbrauchenden einen Einfluss auf die Nachhaltigkeitseinschätzung der regionsbezogen betitelten Lebensmittel hat. Der regionale Bezug wird hierbei einerseits durch die geografische Zuordnung des Wohnorts und andererseits durch die emotionale Bindung der Verbrauchenden zur Region definiert. Es zeigt sich, dass Lebensmittel aus dem Allgäu in allen Dimensionen nachhaltig eingeschätzt werden. Insbesondere eine Unterstützung des regionalen Wirtschaftskreislaufes, die Sicherung von Arbeitsplätzen, sowie kurze Transportwege werden mit diesen Lebensmitteln verbunden. Die von dort stammenden Lebensmittel werden nachhaltiger bewertet, wenn ein Bezug der Verbrauchenden zur Region Allgäu besteht. Es lässt sich schlussfolgern, dass Verbrauchende Lebensmittel alleinig aufgrund einer regionalen Bezeichnung mit Nachhaltigkeitsaspekten in Verbindung bringen.
This thesis talks about the relation between investor sentiment, stock return and trading volume in the German stock market. Six Granger causality tests were performed in order to determine, whether one of the above mentioned factors is indicative of the others. The results imply that investor sentiment is indicative of both, stock return and trading volume in the specified time period. However, there is no further significant evidence for other relations among the variables. The results are mostly in line with the literature available on this topic and back up the importance of the concept of investor sentiment as investor sentiment delivers an attempt to explain why investors behave irrationally on the stock market. Hence, the factors influencing investor sentiment should be subject to further research in order to gain a broader understanding of the topic.
Viele Unternehmen sehen sich derzeit mit einer ungewöhnlich hohen Kündigungsbereitschaft von Mitarbeitern konfrontiert. Um sowohl zu verstehen, was diese reduzieren kann, als auch wie neue Talente geworben werden können, muss der dahinterliegende psychologische Prozess eines Arbeitgeberwechsels aus der Perspektive der Mitarbeiter betrachtet werden.
Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die Frage zu beantworten, aus welchem Grund bestimmte Faktoren einen unterschiedlichen Einfluss auf die Entscheidung eines Arbeitgeberwechsels haben. Zusätzlich wurde die Rolle von sozialen Beziehungen bei der Mitarbeiterbindung und Arbeitgeberattraktivität untersucht. Es wurde eine quantitative Online-Umfrage mit Arbeitnehmern, welche darüber nachgedacht haben den Job zu wechseln, aber daraufhin bei dem aktuellen Unternehmen geblieben sind, durchgeführt. Spezifisch wurde in der Studie auf die Bindungs- und Anziehungsfaktoren sowie die Sicherheit der Einschätzung dieser Faktoren bei einem anderen Unternehmen eingegangen. Außerdem wurde eine a priori Klassifizierung der ausgewählten Faktoren in *tangible* und *intangible* vorgenommen, welche den Teilnehmern jedoch nicht bekannt war.
Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass soziale Beziehungen den stärksten Bindungsfaktor darstellen. Zudem können *tangible* Faktoren sicherer bei einem anderen Unternehmen eingeschätzt werden, wodurch die Anziehungskraft dieser Faktoren an dieses Unternehmen steigt. Um die Unsicherheiten in Bezug auf die *intangible* Faktoren zu reduzieren, sollten diese somit von Unternehmen transparenter kommuniziert werden.
This paper proposes to consider the influence of transparency in leadership styles on work performance and satisfaction. In an experimental setting, a pair of strangers were advised to solve a Sudoku in a digital environment under time pressure. With an induced hierarchy, the leader was able to view the task and the timer, whereas only the subordinate was enabled to actively edit the riddle. The treatment group was told to transparently communicate the intended leadership style during the preparation phase. The results indicate that transparency has a significant positive effect on the performance and the satisfaction of the teams. Furthermore, it is hypothesized that transparency may not be the direct cause of improved performance and satisfaction. Yet it might be crucial in establishing trust between the leader and subordinate, causing a positive effect on the two dependent variables. The paper is concluded by discussing limitations, practical implications and considerations for future research.
The goal of this research is to find out whether the hierarchical leadership style
of the German Bundeswehr influences their soldiers in a way, that they develop
certain competencies that are highly demanded in the agile companies in the free
market economy. For this purpose, the following question was asked: In which
ways does the leadership style of the German Bundeswehr influence the
motivation of the soldiers, their ability to work in a team and the relationship to
the direct leader?
To be able to answer this question in a proper way, scientific literature was used
to built a theoretical background. It was completed by a semi-structured,
qualitative interview with an expert of the German Bundeswehr. With nearly three
decades of experience, he is responsible for the coaching of leaders and has a
broad knowledge about the leadership culture of the German Bundeswehr.
Both, the literature and the expert are in agreement about the fact, that being a
soldier is more than a job, but a calling. Being a soldier means living for the higher
mission. Meaning, that the motivation for completing a task has to be higher than
the one of civil workers, because it is based on intrinsic motivation. Also, in the
Bundeswehr, it is essential to be able to work in a team, no matter if one has a
sympathy for the others or not. In contrast to the agile way of team work, the
military does not put a lot of effort in figuring out the best team constellation, but
rather focus on the best way to achieve the goal. So, for the soldiers it is inevitable
to be able to work in a team with all different kinds of people. Additionally, to be
able to go through privation and hard times together, the soldiers build close
connections among themselves and to their leaders. So, in comparison to a
mostly professional relationship between colleagues and superiors in the free
market, the soldiers often are friends in their personal life as well.
Based on the mentioned findings, it is possible to expect soldiers to be attractive
potential applicants for leading positions in agile organizations.
Das Ziel der Bachelorthesis ist, die Relevanz der Ressource Sand für die moderne Welt zu verdeutlichen. Hierfür werden die vier folgenden Forschungsfragen beantwortet: Warum ist es wichtig, sich mit der Verknappung der Ressource Sand auseinander zu setzen und sich der Relevanz ihrer bewusst zu werden? Wie sieht die Zukunft aus, wenn die Ressource Sand weiterhin so genutzt wird wie heute? Was kann gegen den übermäßigen Abbau und Export der Ressource Sand unternommen werden? Gibt es Alternativen zu der Ressource Sand und wie sehen diese aus?
Die Forschungsfragen wurden mit Hilfe einer ausführlichen Literaturrecherche beantwortet. Diese fand vor und während der Bearbeitung der Thesis statt.
Durch die Literaturrecherche wurde verdeutlicht, dass die Auseinandersetzung mit der Thematik sowie das Bewusstsein über die aktuelle Lage der Ressource wichtig sind, da eine unveränderte Nutzung langfristig nicht möglich ist. Die entstehenden Negativeffekte würden sowohl die Flora und Fauna als auch den Menschen betreffen. Außerdem wurde durch die Recherche klar, dass der Abbau der Ressource Sand durch politische Instanzen oder die Nutzung von Alternativen gesenkt werden kann. Alternativen werden beispielsweise durch verschiedene Substitutionsgüter dargestellt.
Die Thesis verdeutlicht, dass die Ressource Sand der Menschheit bei einer unveränderten Nutzung durch die Finger rinnt. Die tiefere Erforschung von Alternativstoffen und die Minderung des Abbaus sind nötig, um die Negativeffekte auf den Menschen und die Umwelt zu dämpfen.
This bachelor thesis is about the digital transformation and the resulting need for new business models. Additionally, the Servitization is changing the business environment as well. Together with new technologies such as the Internet of Things, this digital Servitization is creating threats and new opportunities for businesses. Therefore, the goal of this thesis is to conceptualize a Smart Home as-a-Service business model for a drive- and control technology manufacturer with the example of Somfy and to test it in qualitative expert interviews with potential Business-to-Business customers.
The research questions addressed and answered in this thesis are:
(a) „How can a concept of an as-a-Service business model in the field of smart home to expand the market segment from single to multi-family houses by a new target group of a drive and control technology manufacturer look like?“
Question (a) is answered with a concept based on the Service Business Model Canvas. It is a Business-to-Business-to-Consumer business model, where the residential construction companies build in the necessary hardware in new residential buildings. This is the prerequisite for the focal company Somfy to offer tenants smart home applications in a subscription model.
(b) „How is the relevance, value, and feasibility of the Smart Home as-a-Service concept assessed by residential construction companies?“
Question (b) is tested with qualitative expert interviews. The results indicate a high relevance for the Business-to-Business customers. Additionally, offering Smart Home as-a-Service would create various values for residential construction companies, such as an additional selling feature, while the model is being assessed as generally feasible. Further research is suggested for example in the take-rate of the tenants.
This research examines whether a company's popularity is a determining factor for its attractiveness among employees. For this purpose, two groups of subjects were asked to rate the attractiveness of an identical job advertisement. The only difference between the groups was that one group was led to believe that it was the job advertisement of a well-known company, whereas the other group was presented with the advertisement of a rather unknown, but in terms of activity and prestige comparable company. The results suggest that the familiarity of the company does indeed influence popularity to a significant degree. Implications of this finding are also further explored.
Knowledge about consumer buying behavior is of high importance to
companies. Being able to accurately identify customers' willingness to pay
(WTP) helps to optimize one of a company's core goals - to make profit. The
objective of this study is to apply the implicit method NeuroPricing Online to an
example in the tourism sector in order to be able to determine the buying
behavior of consumers and their WTP more precisely. In a bottom-up data
mining approach, individual attitudes towards several price points for a given
product of the vacation resort "Weissenhäuser Strand" were determined by
means of reaction time measurement. We were then able to model curves with
price points per product and their corresponding individual response times per
product. The Feel-Good Price (FGP) as well as the Area under the curve (AUC)
of an individual provide information about a subject's WTP for a given product.
Using independent two-sample t-tests, we found that gender has an influence
on WTP for some products. In addition, we found a difference between subjects
who have previously visited the "Weissenhäuser Strand" and those who have
not for some products. AUC average is larger for those who have already visited
the resort than for those who have not. Furthermore, we examined the factors
age and personality traits for their effect on subjects' purchasing behavior.
However, none of these correlation analyses showed a significant relationship
with FGP or AUC. These results suggest that the "Weissenhäuser Strand"
should specifically advertise to different groups of people in order to increase
profits and skillfully apply the different WTP of some groups as a basis for
pricing. In addition, the study shows that the implicit method of response time
measurement is sufficient for investigations in purchasing behavior in general,
and that NeuroPricing Online has the potential to become a valuable tool for
sophisticated pricing in the future.
This thesis examines the potential for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the German apparel industry to enhance circular capabilities. Given the urgency of environmental issues in garment production, the thesis delves into the broader context of the textile and apparel industry, circularity principles, circular product design, as well as business and regulatory framework conditions. However, this transformation necessitates substantial innovation, which can be challenging, especially for SMEs facing resource constraints. A utility analysis-based tool to support SMEs' circularity journeys is introduced, by systematically evaluating textile fibers. This approach assists SMEs in optimizing material choices and complying with sustainability standards and reporting. To demonstrate its effectiveness, the tool is applied for HAKRO GmbH, a SME in the German apparel industry. The assessment results indicate prioritization of specific fiber choices, emphasize knowledge gaps, and spotlight opportunities for innovation and circularity. The tool's systematic approach enables SMEs like HAKRO GmbH to strategically select material options, streamline innovation efforts, and align with CE principles. Ultimately, this research contributes to advancing CE transitions within the apparel industry by offering insights into enhancing circular capabilities for SMEs and facilitating informed decision-making through a utility analysis-based approach.
In dieser Bachelorarbeit wird der Zusammenhang zwischen der Führungsrolle einer Führungskraft und der gewählten Anredeform (Du oder Sie) in der Kommunikation mit den Geführten untersucht. Die theoretischen Grundlagen zur pronominalen Anrede im Deutschen und den Führungsrollen nach Armin Trost (2022) bilden die Basis für die empirische Untersuchung mittels quantitativer Befragung. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass kein signifikanter Zusammenhang zwischen den Führungsrollen Boss und Partner und der gewählten Anrede besteht. Sowohl direktive als auch partizipative Führungskräfte nutzen sowohl das Du als auch das Sie in der Kommunikation. Historisch bedingte Beziehungsmerkmale der Anredepronomen Du oder Sie sind nicht eindeutig auf moderne Führungsbeziehungen übertragbar. Die Wahl der Anredeform hängt von verschiedenen Faktoren ab, einschließlich kultureller Aspekte und individueller Beziehungsdynamiken. Die Studie betont die Komplexität der Anredepraxis in modernen Führungsbeziehungen und bietet eine Grundlage für weitere Forschung auf diesem Gebiet.
Phenomena like talent shortage, war for talents, and demographic change – Organizations are facing many challenges and changes these days. To compete in a contested market space the issue of employer attractiveness is becoming increasingly important. It seems that prioritizing the provision of attractive working conditions becomes prominent, while the importance of locus of control is underestimated. The research question addressed in this study is: What are the effects of working conditions and locus of control on performance? For this
investigation, a quasi-experiment with a 2x2 factorial design was conducted. Participants were assigned to either an attractive or unattractive working condition while simultaneously experiencing internal or external locus of control. Subjects were asked to perform cognitive tasks and performance was measured by the total number of points reached.
The results of the study did not yield statistical significance. However, it was observed that the group experiencing unattractive working conditions and internal locus of control had the highest performance. When also considering relevant research literature that highlights the psychological importance of control, it is suggested to conduct further research in this area of
interest to gain a deeper understanding of the effects of control and their impact on various job outcomes like performance.
Aufgrund des fortschreitenden demografischen Strukturwandels erhöht sich bereits heute und vor allem auch in der Zukunft der Stellenwert der Personalbeschaffung in einem Unternehmen, da sich immer weniger qualifizierte Arbeitskräfte auf dem Arbeitsmarkt befinden. Um die wenigen Arbeitskräfte als Bewerber zu gewinnen, beziehungsweise den Bewerberkreis zu erhöhen und möglichst groß zu halten, können unterschiedliche Kanäle genutzt werden. Zahlreiche vorhandene Studien hierzu betrachten den Einsatz solcher Kanäle. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es herauszufinden, welcher Kanal die meisten Bewerbungen hervorbringen und somit auf ein Unternehmen oder auf eine offene Stelle aufmerksam machen kann. Dabei wird zwischen traditionellen offline Kanälen und internet-basierten online Kanälen unterschieden. Die empirische Forschung setzt sich zusammen aus einer Befragung von 10 Unternehmen sowie einem Fragebogen aus Sicht der Bewerber mit 163 Teilnehmenden. Beide Methoden kommen schlussendlich zu dem Ergebnis, dass die internet-basierten online Kanäle (Unternehmenswebsite, Internet-Stellenbörsen und soziale Medien) mehr Bewerbungen im Unternehmen generieren und auch durch Bewerber mehr genutzt werden, um bei der Stellensuche auf ein Unternehmen aufmerksam zu werden, als die traditionellen offline Kanäle (Printmedien, Mitarbeiterempfehlung, eigene Netzwerke, Karrieremesse und Bundesagentur für Arbeit). Dennoch sollte ein Unternehmen nicht nur einen Kanal bewerben, sondern je nach offener Stelle einen Mix aus den verschiedenen Kanälen einsetzen.
3D Fitting Room – Einstellungen und Bewertungen von Studierenden - Eine qualitative Untersuchung
(2023)
Der Online-Handel wächst auf der ganzen Welt weiter mit hoher Geschwindigkeit an. Im B2C (Business-to-Consumer) Sektor stellt dabei Mode das größte Segment überhaupt dar. Gleichzeitig weist dieses Segment mitunter die höchsten Rücksenderaten auf.
Diese Arbeit zielt darauf ab, die Rolle von virtueller Anprobe beim Online-Kleiderkauf heute und in der Zukunft am Beispiel von 3D Fitting Rooms zu beleuchten. Dafür werden qualitative Interviews mit Studierenden durchgeführt, in welchen diese zu ihren Erfahrungen, Einstellungen und Erwartungen in Bezug auf 3D Fitting Rooms befragt werden. Es soll herausgefunden werden, ob und aus welchen Gründen, die Befragten bereit sind den 3D Fitting Room zu nutzen. Hinzugezogen wird dabei die qualitativ strukturierende Inhaltsanalyse nach Kuckartz und das Technologieakzeptanzmodell nach Davis. Im Teil der theoretischen Grundlagen werden Trends in der Modeindustrie, das Problem der Retouren beim Online-Modehandel und das Technologieakzeptanzmodell beleuchtet.
Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass die Studierenden grundsätzlich Bereitschaft zur Nutzung der Technologie aufweisen, diese allerdings von einigen Bedingungen abhängt. Ebenso deuten die Ergebnisse darauf hin, dass die Anzahl der Rücksendungen durch 3D Fitting Rooms reduziert werden könnten. Zum Ende werden die Stärken und Schwächen der Forschung beleuchtet und ein Ausblick für die Branche und weitere Forschung dargestellt.
Do Meat-Eating Consumers Use Organic Meat to Rationalize the Consumption of Conventional Meat?
(2021)
This thesis explores how meat-eating consumers may be able to rationalize the consumption of conventional meat by believing to substitute a certain amount of it for organic meat. The underlying rationale is that the positive associations elicited by the organic label and the favorable beliefs consumers have formed about organic meat enable them to use it as a moral license. Building on cognitive dissonance theory, this work specifically investigated whether (1) meat-eaters perceive organic meat better than vegetarians and (2) meat-eaters overestimate how much organic meat they consume. German meat-eating and vegetarian participants were recruited for a study (n=156) to answer these questions. The results show, first, that organic was generally rated as better than conventional meat on all dimensions surveyed, and to a greater extent by meat-eating than by vegetarian respondents. Second, meat-eating participants on average reported estimates of organic meat consumption that were significantly higher than the population mean, indicating that consumers may not eat as much organic meat as they believe. Overall, the findings of this study suggest that organic meat might be used to rationalize unsustainable food choices.
Year after year, global warming, and plastic output increase, and massive volumes of carbon dioxide (CO2) are being released into the atmosphere. Even though humans are aware of their environmental impact, they do struggle to change their behavior. But what is the reason for this?
The purpose of this thesis is to illuminate the factors that make it difficult for people to demonstrate pro-environmental behavior (PEB) and to form ideas from the field of nudging to assist in guiding humans to a better PEB. As a result, a meta-analysis was created from a multitude of papers on the issues of PEB and nudging. The proposals presented in this work serve as an impetus for future studies in the field of PEB nudging.
The present paper aims to identify role conflicts according to social role theory that leaders acting as managerial coach might be exposed to during their work. Therefore, several behavioral approaches that are characterizing for managerial are identified through literature assessment. These distinctive behavioral patterns are analyzed upon alternative reasonable expectations that role senders might have in regard of leadership.
Hereby this study can identify several potential sources of person-role conflict due to incongruencies between expectations of role senders and the actual leadership behavior of a managerial coach. As literature indicates that role conflicts have serious impacts on the effectiveness of leadership behavior, this study furthermore presents a guideline for organizations and managerial coaches on how to support the acceptance of coaching.
The term quiet quitting was discussed on social media platforms, but also in a lot of business-related articles. Hence, because of the novelty of this concept, there are hardly specific empirical studies on this concept. In the following thesis an empirical study is done and analysed to answer the research ques-tions if there is any coherence between the concept of quiet quitting and af-fected generations. But beforehand, the term quiet quitting will be defined, as there is not an official definition yet. Furthermore, the issues for the economic environment and companies presented. After this, possible reasons and causes for quiet quitters are collected.
Understanding how consumers choose between alternatives and how they use the context in doing so is the aim of numerous consumer behaviour studies. The effect of extremeness aversion has been found to be a replicable phenomenon in this field. According to this context effect, alternatives with extreme numerical attributes are less likely to be chosen than the alternative with intermediate attributes in a choice set. A new research direction regarding extremeness aversion considers not only these numerical attributes of a choice set but also the implications of the spatial dimension. Therefore, it has been hypothesized that there could also be a preference for the spatial middle in a choice set. As the phenomenon of extremeness aversion corresponds with decision uncertainty, this research aimed to investigate numerical and spatial extremeness aversion in a product class of high uncertainty and complexity. Thus, consumer preferences regarding the product class of wine were analysed in different choice architectures. Interviews in a wine specialist store and an online survey were conducted with a total number of 924 participants. The study’s results are not consistent over both data collection methods. However, independently of each other, they support the notion that consumer choices may be partly influenced by a preference for the numerical middle option, as well as by a preference for the spatial middle option.
In der heutigen Wirtschaftslage ist es für Unternehmen zunehmend wichtig sich aufgrund von einem zunehmend gesättigten Markt und steigendem Wettbewerb klar zu positionieren. Eine Grundlage für das strategische Marketing kann zum Beispiel durch ein Marketingkonzept geschaffen werden. Es dient als Leitfaden für weitere unternehmerische Marketingaktivitäten. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die Grundlagen für ein Marketingkonzept analysiert und aufgezeigt, mit dem Fokus auf der Kommunikationspolitik. Für die Ausarbeitung wird beispielhaft ein Produkt des kroatischen Unternehmens Terra Marascae d.o.o. verwendet. Die Kommunikationspolitik ist auf den unternehmenseigenen Online-Shop sowie die Gewinnung von Neukunden ausgerichtet. Die Informationen werden anhand des AIDA-Modells gewonnen. Auf dieser Grundlage kann die Kommunikationspolitik des Marketingkonzepts weiterführend abgeleitet werden. Dazu wird in Interviews sowie theoriegeleiteter Konzeption konkret ausfindig gemacht, welche Informationen für den Kunden und dessen Kaufprozess relevant sind. Die Ergebnisse der Studie zeigen, dass es wesentlich ist, die Besonderheiten der Produkte in der Kommunikationspolitik klar zu kommunizieren.
Drei von vier der digitalen Transformationsprojekte scheitern. Über ein geplantes Vorgehen zu verfügen, welches Maßnahmen zur Mitarbeitereinbindung, dem Umgang mit Widerstand und Nutzerakzeptanz beinhaltet, ist somit für Unternehmen, welche digitale Transformationen bei Unternehmen begleiten bzw. durchführen ein unerlässliches Gut. Bisher gibt es nur wenig Literatur und wenige Studien zur praktischen Umsetzung eines solchen Prozesses. Die vorliegende Bachelorarbeit entwickelt anhand des aktuellen Forschungsstands und qualitativer Forschung in Form von Experteninterviews, ein Change Management Konzept für digitale Transformationen. Das Unternehmen Advellence Solutions AG soll dadurch Handlungsempfehlungen für die Einbindung von Mitarbeitenden, dem Umgang mit Widerstand und dem Erreichen von Nutzerakzeptanz, erhalten. Die Studie zeigt, dass im Konzept ein besonderes Augenmerk auf die Vorbereitung des Transformationsprojekts gelegt werden sollte, damit eine Veränderung erfolgreich verläuft. Eine solche Vorbereitung beinhaltet insbesondere das Formulieren und Kommunizieren einer Vision, die Einbindung von Beteiligten und das Schulen der Mitarbeitenden.
This thesis aims to explain corporate visions from a psychological perspective to examine its effects for the individual and the organization.
Therefore, the existing literature on the topic of vision and psychological theories has been reviewed. Psychological theories from cognitive, social, and positive psychology, as well as the psychology of emotion, have been applied to the topic of corporate vision.
Derived from complexity theory, visions can function as positive emotional attractors (PEA), which trigger various psychological processes. Visions activate the default mode network and lead to mental simulations, such as the simulation of a best possible self, which contribute to perceived meaning in life and lead to an increase in positive affect. Further, the PEA leads to adapting a promotion focus. Affective forecasting of the future serves as a motivator. Anticipated emotions can lead to the impact bias and emotional contagion, which are important for the communication of the corporate vision. From the perspective of social psychology, Schwartz’s theory of values and social identity theory can explain the effects of corporate visions. Growth-oriented values can trigger a promotion focus in the individual, therefore being motivating.
Social Identity theory further states, that if an organization’s values are similar to those of the individual, the individual can experience organizational identity.
This study examines the current human capital management software market with integrated people analytics module and their targeted type of human resource management. The study is guided by the research question: Does the current human capital management software with people analytics module market target their data usage towards hierarchical or agile type of human resource management? To answer the research question a content analysis of 12 websites of human capital management software providers with integrated people analytics module was conducted. The findings were evaluated based on a scale of 4 prototype approach.
The study revealed that the majority of human capital software providers aim their data usage towards hierarchical organizations. A large part of the examined companies run a mixed approach and try to aim their software towards both hierarchical and agile organizations with different tendencies. The findings of this study align with the literature and suggest to organizations seeking to implement a human capital management suite to choose the software that supports their human resource type and strategy the best.
This thesis examines the added value of modern approaches of balance sheet analysis for the external analyst. When talking about modern approaches of balance sheet analysis, scoring models, qualitative analysis, discriminant analysis and artificial neural networks are meant. On the basis of an extensive literature research, it is examined to what extent these approaches can overcome the weaknesses of the traditional balance sheet analysis.
Diese Bachelorarbeit widmet sich der Entwicklung eines Businessplans für ein gesundes, fitnessgerechtes und nachhaltiges Fast-Casual-Restaurant in Freiburg im Breisgau. Die Forschungsfragen, die dieser Arbeit zugrunde liegen, untersuchen die Faktoren und Strategien, die dazu beitragen können, den Konsum von ungesundem Fast-Food zu reduzieren und ein gesünderes Ernährungsverhalten zu fördern. Darüber hinaus wird erforscht, wie ein Geschäftsmodell entwickelt und gestaltet werden kann, um gesundes, fitnessgerechtes und nachhaltiges Fast-Food für die breite Öffentlichkeit zugänglich zu machen. Schließlich wird untersucht, wie dieses Geschäftsmodell nachhaltigen Wert schaffen und langfristigen Erfolg gewährleisten kann. Die Forschungsmethodik umfasste Interviews im kleinen Kreis sowie eine Online-Umfrage unter den potenziellen Zielgruppen. Basierend auf den Ergebnissen dieser Forschung wurde ein umfassender Businessplan entwickelt, der alle wesentlichen Aspekte des geplanten Restaurants abdeckt, von der Geschäftsidee und dem -modell bis hin zur Marktanalyse, Marketingstrategie, Organisationsstruktur und Finanzplanung. Die vorliegende Arbeit kommt zu dem Schluss, dass das Geschäftskonzept zwar umsetzbar ist und eine klare Nachfrage besteht, jedoch eine enge Zusammenarbeit und Unterstützung von Experten erforderlich ist, um die langfristige Nachhaltigkeit und den Erfolg des Unternehmens zu gewährleisten. Die Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit bieten einen wertvollen Beitrag zur Förderung einer gesünderen Ernährung und eines nachhaltigeren Lebensstils in der Region Freiburg im Breisgau. Dieses Fast-Casual-Restaurant hat das Potenzial, nicht nur die Ernährungsgewohnheiten der Bevölkerung zu verbessern, sondern auch positive Auswirkungen auf die Umwelt und die Gesundheit der Menschen zu erzielen.
The objective of this thesis is to determine whether or which of the two types of praise effort-based or ability-based – has more positive psychological effects on humans.
Therefore, various study results on these two types of praise will be summarized and compared. This comparison shows that in the short-term, ability-based praise can have a more positive effect on the performance of a person, but in the long-term, effort-based praise has a much better effect. In order to explain this effect, the following two theoretical approaches are examined in more detail: theory of fixed and growth mindset and the effort-ability-relation. Although theory and study results suggest that effort-based praise is the better option, there are some reasons why using only effort-based praise can be harmful. To overcome these harmful effects, it is important to use praise responsibly and accordingly as well as to be aware of its powerful influence.
There is a growing trend for multinational enterprises to send their expatriate employees on international assignments to achieve corporate development, human resource goals and to gain a competitive advantage in the global context. Therefore, the performance and productivity of international assignees play a major role for them and the organization. However, expatriate research has so far rarely taken into account the factors that do not directly relate to expatriate performance. Instead, research has focused on expatriate success and failure. However, the literature shows that neither can yet be clearly defined. Therefore, this study instead focuses on expatriate performance and productivity by placing special emphasis on literature gaps. Hence, in this study the importance of several factors is tested, namely: 1) overall international experience, 2) informal social networks, and 3) expatriate family. As this research aims to develop practical approaches to managing critical circumstances when relocating overseas, a link between theory and previous study findings has been established. To provide a point of departure for Global People Transitions GmbH, a special focus has been placed on organizational support and intercultural training. The data have been collected through guided expert interviews with six participants, three of them expatriates, two expatriate spouses, and one repatriate. The study results have found that the tested factors have an impact on expatriate adjustment and, consequently, on expatriate performance and productivity. In addition, several aspects to improve expatriate performance and productivity have been identified, such as providing organizational support or creating structures and routines. Lastly, it has become clear that research on international assignments is very elusive due to several underlying factors that influence the matter.
Diese Thesis wird das Thema Führung beleuchten und sich hierbei vor allem auf
Unternehmen beziehen, welche global agieren und Mitarbeiter mit diversen
Hintergründen beschäftigen. Hierfür wird zuerst das Thema der Führung allgemein
behandelt und danach die Themen der psychologischen Sicherheit als auch das der
Transkulturalität näher beleuchtet. Auf der Grundlage relevanter Literatur zu den
Themenbereichen wurden eine Umfrage in einem Unternehmen sowie mehrere semistrukturierte Interviews mit Führungskräften aus einem global-agierenden Unternehmen geführt. Diese werden ergänzt durch qualitative Interviews mit akademischen Experten aus den Gebieten der Transkulturalität und der Psychologie. Schlussendlich werden die aufgestellten Hypothesen den analysierten Daten und denen aus ihnen resultierenden Ergebnissen gegenübergestellt und ein Fazit samt Ausblick gegeben.
This paper deals with the topic of “Liebhaberei in the income tax law - Doubtful questions on the tax topic of “Liebhaberei” on the example of the seven types of income of the income tax law as well as the current photovoltaic regulations.” In the following, questions of doubt concerning the tax topic of “Liebhaberei” shall be raised and analyzed using the example of the seven types of income of the Income Tax Law as well as the current photovoltaic regulations and, if possible, solutions shall be proposed. This paper will first give an overview of the basics of the subject of “Liebhaberei.”. In the consideration a focus is put thereby on “Liebhaberei” with incomes from trade enterprise in accordance with § 15 EStG as well as incomes from letting and leasing in accordance with § 21 EStG. Special features of the individual types of income to be taken into account in the “Liebhaberei.” audit, as well as audit schemes, are dealt with and, if necessary, supplemented and the legal consequences resulting from the hobby are illuminated. The focus will also be on income from commercial operations in accordance with § 15 of the German Income Tax Law (EStG).
Finally, the BMF letter of 29.10.2021 will be analyzed and the right of application and the associated requirements will be examined.
The bachelor’s thesis deals with the question of whether a treatment with neurofeedback could provide a benefit for the members of an organization during a change process.
In particular, the motives and challenges of change projects were identified. Furthermore, the methods which can be used to reduce and even prevent these problems were examined. The non-achievement of basic human needs, the associated fear, the loss of trust and stress plays a major role here. A good change management is able to address some of these issues, for example through good communication and the implementation of a change vision. The difficulty is that people may be too stuck in their views, including previous bad experiences, to be helped by current methods. It could be shown, that the training with neurofeedback achieves positive and fast lasting effects. The thesis explains how the person to be treated must be prepared and what a training might look like. Various areas in which neurofeedback has already been successfully used are briefly described and it is investigated whether there are treatments for disorders that are similar for the resistances in change processes. Expert interviews have examined these assumptions more closely and provided a practical and concrete perspective on the treatment with neurofeedback in an organizational context.
Finally, it was found that training with neurofeedback in companies is quite an interesting option. At this stage, however, there is a lack of studies that can prove the concrete benefits. Until now, neurofeedback has been applied almost exclusively to the medical field and this will probably not change in the upcoming years due to the high complexity of the procedure. Other methods, such as yoga or meditation, are on the one hand easier to carry out and the other hand already established in society. However, since positive results have already been achieved with biofeedback and people are beginning to take an interest in it, this could be a first step towards neurofeedback.
The world is constantly changing, and cosmetic companies need to adapt to these changes to survive. In particular, cosmetic companies should not underestimate changes in how customers value information from different sources because proper marketing can lead to increased sales. Therefore, this thesis aims to determine which information sources customers of Generation Y are using and how they weight the information from these different sources. A survey was conducted with people of Generation Y to answer the research question. The survey showed that the most frequently used and highest weighted sources for getting information are search engines, friends and family, and product ratings. Furthermore, the results indicate that information gathered from offline sources has a more significant impact on purchase behavior than information gathered from online sources. Potential customers using search engines are more likely to buy a product online. However, the price of a product does not influence how consumers weight the opinions of friends and family, and age does not impact the weighting of social media or the total number of sources a customer uses. To conclude, a company should not ignore the importance of offline information sources because the data shows that offline sources significantly impact buying behavior. They should also aim to have their online shop appear as one of the top search engine results because this will impact the likelihood that customers visit their websites and buy their products.
The well-substantiated “cheerleader effect” proposes that individuals in groups are perceived to be more attractive compared to when they are presented in isolation. With the aim of finding out whether this effect is applicable to additional dimensions of social perception, we investigated attractiveness, salary, vanity and intelligence judgements in two methodologically distinct experiments. We could not detect differences in ratings between the isolated and group presentations of individuals in a between-subjects design but found evidence supporting the existence of the cheerleader and the “banker effect” in the within-subjects design. Besides an increase in attractiveness, replicating the cheerleader effect, individuals were as well perceived to be earning higher salaries when surrounded by others, thus establishing the banker effect and further emphasising the actual impact of group context on trait judgements. The supplementary finding that both effects do not occur simultaneously within the same person creates new pathways for identifying their underlying causes and deriving possible explanations.
Durch die Covid-19 Pandemie kam das Thema Home-Office in aller Munde. Die Arbeitsweise des mobilen Arbeitens eignet sich hierbei nicht für jede Tätigkeit gleichermaßen.
In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden die Führungskräfte betrachtet. Das Ziel ist es zu untersuchen, ob ein bestimmter dominierender Führungsstil sich besonders für das Führen von Mitarbeitenden im Home-Office eignet und ob Führungskräfte mit verschiedenen Führungsstilen diese Arbeitsweise anders einschätzen. Dafür wurde eine quantitative Studie durchgeführt, die von Führungskräften Einschätzungen zur Eignung von kreierten Szenarien sowohl im Büro als auch im Home-Office einholt. Spezifisch wurden die Teilnehmenden dabei in die dominierenden Führungsstile des Bosses und des Coaches klassifiziert und anschließend zu ihrer Einschätzung der Eignung des Arbeitsortes in verschiedenen Szenarien befragt. Diese Studie zeigte, dass die hier betrachteten Führungsstile und der Arbeitsort einen Effekt auf die Einschätzung der Eignung hatten. Hierbei zeigte sich, dass die Teilnehmenden, die mit dem dominierenden Führungsstil des Coaches klassifiziert wurden, die Eignung der Szenarien für die Arbeit im Home-Office positiver einschätzten.
Weitere Forschung hierzu könnte sich sowohl mit der Sicht der Mitarbeitenden auf die Führungsstile beschäftigen als auch weitere spezifische Gruppen und Tätigkeiten betrachten.
The primary aim of this paper is to measure how happy students are at Furtwangen University by using an online questionnaire. To create the questionnaire, seven dimensions that influence the happiness of students, were identified. Those are: Life Satisfaction, Study, Social Relationships, Leisure Time, Financial Situation, Health and Housing Situation. The development of the questionnaire is based on a preliminary theory section that answers what concepts exist for measuring happiness and how the measurement is done. In addition, interviews with students were conducted, and existing studies from the literature were used to develop the questionnaire. The results showed that students at Furtwangen University tend to be rather happy in total. Students are least satisfied with their health and most satisfied with their social relationships and housing situation. Finally, based on the results, a recommendation for action was formulated, that describes how the results of the empirical study can be used for Furtwangen University to increase the happiness and well-being of its students. Here, aspects such as the improvement of the university's health care system or an increased focus on better advertising of the university's leisure activities and events were recommended.