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Course of studies
This essay takes a fresh look at the interactions between Germany and its halal food market by evoking the facts, challenges, and opportunities of a norm that sets the limit between lawful and unlawful. Moreover, following the steps of various conducted research papers that analyzed the halal food market in different ethnic societies, this study aims to find out some of the significant success factors within the halal supply chain management in a German business context.
This thesis is a study examining the potential of implementing automation solutions in the financial month-end close of TomTom Business Unit Automotive Finance. The aim of this study is to identify processes with potential for the implementation of Robotic Process Automation and/or Artificial Intelligence, to improve month-end close in the selected case company.
The theoretical framework delimits Digital Business Transformation from Digitalization and Digitization. It provides background knowledge on Robotic Process Automation and Artificial Intelligence and points out how digitalization impacts the finance function of the future. Furthermore, factors for successful implementation of automation are discussed.
The study applies the strategy of action research performed in a two-staged research examination, including the performance of interviews and the analysis of the interview results. The interview’s goal was to examine month-end close processes, gathering information about the process itself and its characteristics, to have a solid understanding on the processes for the subsequent analysis. The data analysis was conducted applying two different approaches, varying depending on which automation tool best suited the process.
The research result showed that half of the processes in month-end close of Automotive Finance have the automation potential. This automation is more related to the implementation of processes into SAP Analytics Cloud and the use of included Artificial Intelligence features than to the use of Robotic Process Automation.
This result confirms the theoretical findings on the high potential of automation in reporting and endorses the automation potential of month-end close in TomTom Business Unit Automotive Finance.
The awareness of fintech has been on the rise, as more banks participate in technological changes, new unconventional companies and start-ups begin to offer fintech solutions to the public, and an increase in fintech exhibitions and fairs can be observed all around the world. Below is a figure obtained from Google Trends, which illustrates the trend of Google searches related to fintech the past 5 years. As Google is known to be one of the most frequently used search engine around the world, the trend depicted will accurately reflect the awareness in fintech.
With reference to Figure 1, a value of 0 indicates that there is insufficient information regarding searches for fintech and a value of 100 indicates the maximum peak popularity for fintech. Therefore, Figure 1 represents the growing attention of fintech since 2015. The ‘note’ in Figure 1 represents an improvement made on Google Trends to collect search results.
Fintech is most known for its disruptive and unconventional impacts it brings to the traditional banking industry. (World Economic Forum, 2017) In light of fintech, the perception of banking today has changed drastically as compared to the past. As opposed to traditional banking that was once the monopoly of the industry, banks these days are following the trend of moving towards digitalisation, in order to remain competitive. (Williams-Grut, 2015) (World Economic Forum, 2018)
Attention for fintech amongst the public, investors and governments grew rapidly since 2014. (Arner) The graph below indicates a flourishing expectation in the fintech investments. (Statista, 2015) From the year 2008 to the year 2020, the value of fintech investments all around the world is projected to grow to a USD$46 billion industry. A market analysis that was done by Deloitte also suggests the same growing trend. (Deloitte, 2015)
Numbers in Figure 2 represent the total value of fintech investments across all segments of fintech. In general, fintech is divided into 4 segments: payments, financing, asset management and others. (Gregor Dorfleitner, 2017) However, there are variations from publications to publications. An industry report conducted by Statista found that digital payments segment in fintech was the largest in 2017, with a global transaction value (TAV) of US$2753.70 billion. (Statista, 2018) Following digital payments was alternative lending, followed by personal finance and lastly alternative financing.
As part of the thesis, an expert survey was conducted. Professionals who are currently working in the fintech industry, in addition, expressed most positivity and expectations in the payment sector of the fintech industry. Moreover, results gathered from another survey participated by members of the public also indicated the most interest in payment/personal banking. Approximately 50% of all responses collected indicated “Yes” for payment/personal banking services. Due to this uprising expectations of the payments sector by experts in fintech, this thesis aims to focus on the payment sector in fintech and to predict trends as accurately as possible. The integration of fintech initiatives into payments has brought about new areas of studies, in terms of business models, types of services, customers as well as the security of data. (Salmony, 2014) Therefore, this thesis aims to address these areas, as well as to offer suggestions to counter threats faced by payments in the fintech industry.
This thesis will be based heavily on business to customers (B2C) fintech products and services. It will consist of an extensive literature review and empirical research on reliable sources of information. Data used in this thesis will be from both primary and secondary sources. Primary data is collected through two surveys. The survey was divided into two target groups- first for the mass market and second only for senior professionals in the fintech industry. The purpose of the first public survey is to understand the preferences and needs of the mass market. The second expert survey was done to understand the strategy of two highly successful fintech company and their future expectations from a professional’s perspective. The experts are current professionals from Murex and Allianz Technology. As for secondary data, it is obtained from credible sources, such as government websites and industrial analysis reports. As certain names and keywords vary from sources to sources, they will be classified accordingly, as accurately and closely as possible. The information used in this thesis is further explained under “Methodology”. Primary data collected and secondary data gathered will be compared with each other to verify their accuracy.
The first chapter of this thesis gives an introduction to the fintech industry. The second chapter will analyse the digital payment environment. This includes the SWOT, PESTEL analyses and advantages and disadvantages. In the third chapter, it will discuss the digital payment industry today. The fourth chapter will be related to primary data findings through surveys and a comparison with secondary data gathered. Future predictions will be covered in chapter five. In chapter six, challenges and suggestions will be discussed to help fintech companies to overcome challenges and remain competitive. Finally, a conclusion will be in chapter seven.
Over the decades, several reasons like globalization, pressure from large counterparts (SMEs suppliers and customers), outstanding performances and advantages of competitors have driven SMEs to adopt standardized and integrated Enterprise resources planning (ERP) systems. However, implementing an ERP system is a very complex and risky project mainly for SMEs which can lead to ERP implementation ineffectiveness. There are many causes of ERP ineffectiveness, but important one mainly for SMEs is a lacking connection to organizational behavior (including structure and culture) during the ERP implementation, which may lead to misfits between existing organization behavior (structure and culture) and ERP systems because of two separate characters. The integration and standardization nature of ERP systems may not be compatible with all aspects of existing organizational behavior, and it is likely that some aspects or dimensions in organizational behavior influence the ERP implementation success or failure. Based on the theory of organizational structure and culture and the prior literature, this study examines which traditional organizational structure indicators (centralization and formalization), and on the other hand, culture indicators (team orientation and change orientation) affect the implementation of an ERP system. The finding ensures that a high degree of centralization and formalization dimensions of organizational structure has a positive, significant influence on ERP implementation effectiveness. Likewise, there is a positive and significant relationship between team orientation and change orientation of organizational culture with ERP project success. By analysing two firms of Estonia and Germany, this study declares that SMEs have a moderate attention towards their ERP implementation projects which shows that it is not always a problem of ERP implementation failure and proves that SMEs should be focusing not only on technical aspects of ERP system but on organizational aspects particularly on structure and culture as well that may increase the success chance of ERP implementation.
Due to the recent political and economic events of the so called U.S.-China Trade War, the media broadcasted extensively about both parties placing tariffs on each other. This situation impacts heavily on global value chains and brings an increasing focus on GVCs in terms of an economic upgrading in China. A re-examination of the bilateral trade relationships of China and its value added on export products becomes an interesting topic which deserves to be analyzed. In order to understand how GVCs function in international trade and their impact on public and private sectors, an overview of GVCs is presented. Using one of the successful examples of GVCs, this paper focuses on China’s high-tech industry and aims to evaluate its role in GVCs. By reviewing the transformation and development of high-tech industry in China, this paper provides insights into the change of industrial structure and current challenges during the transitional phase. By analyzing statistical data from Input-Output Table for China’s most advanced sectors – computer, electronic and optical products – this paper found out that China’s role of GVCs has changed overtime. More precisely, there is a trend of moving towards knowledge- and service-intensive sectors.
This study analyses the effects of the German federal minimum wage of 8.50€, introduced in 2015. First, the initial political, economic and legal situation in 2015 are assessed. This is followed by a theoretical evaluation of the wage factor in the labor market model outlined. The presented impacts on employment and real wages serve as a guideline and primary focus for the structure of the paper. The research indicates that in reaction to the minimum wage, contractual working hours were decreased. Other adaption measures undertaken to counteract increased costs, were productivity-enhancing measures such as more training. Furthermore, the data analysis hints towards structural shifts away from 450€-jobs towards social security employments. Moreover, within the observation period, the general employment rate in Germany increased in the high single-digit range. Regarding compensation effects, studies show that in anticipation of the reform; the general wage level was already increased. Besides the minimum wage, other wage clusters in the low-wage segment are affected by wage spillovers. As a result, it is suggested that consumption grows over proportionally because of the higher propensity to consume of low-income groups. Moreover, consumption depends on the spending behavior of government; which acquires more taxes and social security contributions due to the increased income. However, when it comes to profitability, businesses report difficulties in passing on increased labor costs to customers.
The topic of sexism in advertising has attracted the attention of many scholars for more than four decades now. It is 2019, and the topic remains current and open to debate.
This study explores the relationship between sexism in advertising and society’s views on the roles of men and women on the basis of German dwellers. The investigation has been conducted based on significant theories and current examples and reinforced with empirical data collected from a survey. The results showed that most of the participants surveyed thought that men and women were not being accurately pictured in advertising. In addition, those who have cataloged an ad as sexist disagreed with that content reflecting their opinion about the roles that men and women play within society. Moreover, it was observed that factors like age and occupation have an influence on both the recognition of sexism in advertising and the conception on gender roles.
This paper explores the different techniques used by search engine optimizers to increase a website ́s ranking, thus visibility. The author focuses on modern methods from the areas of On-Page and Off-Page SEO. Findings, gathered through a literature review, conclude that SEO has become a more complex process, as search engines algorithm have advanced; transforming from a pure technical optimization to a more user-oriented optimization. Furthermore, the paper identifies several areas that a webmaster can use to collect data to monitor a website ́s performance. In addition, insights into what the data can have for a meaning, are given. The paper finales with a brief overview of various ways to monetize a website.
The use of social media for marketing purposes has already begun replacing virtually all traditional marketing practices in order to cater to a generation of digital natives and young festival goers – a trend that can be especially observed in the music industry today. For all that, not all marketers of music festivals are fully informed about the necessity of a well-developed and multifaceted social media strategy. The goal of this study was to explore the topic of strategic social media in music festival organizations and to derive a model upon which music festival organizations can establish and form their social media strategy more effectively. For this purpose, a literature review was conducted and a combined social media model for assessing social media strategies of music festival organizations was proposed. Six prevailing themes pertaining to social media strategy that were identified constitute the model: 1. Channel selection and evaluation, 2. Audience analysis, 3. Communication style, 4. Social media content, 5. Social monitoring and risk management, and 6. Roles and responsibilities. In the second part of this study, a qualitative research design employing interviews and a case study was used in order to explore strategic social media use in leading festivals in Serbia, Croatia and North Macedonia. The findings of this study reveal about the impact of specific social media platforms, the use of analytics tools for gathering audience insights, the two-way interactive communication with the fans, the efficiency of content resulting from co-creation, the role and importance of PR in social media, as well as the position of social media in the organization and the staffing approach for social media marketing.
Digital transformation and globalization have become so prominent in today's life, that companies have to innovate in order to stay on the markets continuously. Thousands of new digital solutions are developed and launched daily, making it hard for the big slow corporation to catch up. In order to gain a competitive advantage, many corporates opened up to external sources of innovation such as suppliers, consumers, and startups.
This research focuses on showing how corporates and startups can mutually benefit from collaboration and particularly in the DACH region of Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. To highlight the importance of the strategic partnership, the research also includes a short analysis of the main cultural differences between startups and corporates, an economic overview of the region and the characteristics of a collaboration between startups and corporates.
To investigate the topic, qualitative research based on published secondary data has been carried out.
The automotive industry is undergoing substantial structural changes. New forms of powertrains and players are emerging. Manufacturers, due to internal as well as external drivers, are building their cars on platforms. By making use of modular design approaches, they hope to satisfy customer needs best and stay competitive. When designing global platforms, local variations are to be avoided. The presented paper offers an approach to rank components of an electric vehicle according to their likeliness of a local design adaption. To verify the results of the value chain- based analysis, the variant indicator analysis, interviews were carried out. The analysis shows that the battery is most likely subject to design changes. Also, variant drivers in the value chain bear the highest potential for local redesigns.
In this work we will study this field with a very concrete example, which is the large American multinational Amazon. We will talk more particularly about customer centric supply chain, which is still different from supply chain management. While analyzing this special form of supply chain management, we will also look at its potential impact on today's society with the international distribution market. First, we will define the main aspects of the work such as supply chain management, Amazon, e-commerce and customer experience. Then we will analyze the company's customer centric supply chain. Finally, we will study the possible consequences of the company on the international distribution market.
This bachelor’s thesis examines the potential of integrating Global People Transitions GmbH’s RockMe! App in Global Mobility platforms and partner networks by means of a market analysis.
The theoretical background consists of giving insights on the basics of Global Mobility like policies, processes and challenges. It also provides knowledge on international assignment challenges and the impact of intercultural coaching on expatriates. Furthermore, the concept of the RockMe! App is explained and potential collaborators as well as competitors are presented.
The empirical part is based on qualitative data research through expert interviews with professionals who are working within the Global Mobility industry. The results of these interviews have been used for a market analysis to assess the business opportunity of integrating the RockMe! App in Global Mobility platforms and partner networks.
The research results show that a general interest in digital coaching and also for collaborations regarding an integration of the RockMe! App exists. Nevertheless, company-internal structures and bureaucratic hurdles need to be overcome beforehand and a possible integration needs to be discussed individually.
Corporate debt volumes in emerging market economies have been increasing greatly post 2007-2008 financial crisis. Debt levels have increased across the globe however, the pace is faster in emerging markets than in advance markets. Major countries in emerging economies such as Brazil, Russian Federation, India and China (BRIC) have a large and concentrated share in growing corporate debts. Although, both company specific factors and macro level factors have impacted the corporate borrowings leading to depressed corporate earnings, financial strains and capital outflows in emerging markets the impact of company specific factors is highly pertinent and demands research. The rise in debt levels has affected the return on earnings (ROEs) of the corporate companies which in turn is adversely impacting emerging economy and its financial stability. This paper has empirically tested for the explaining effects of rising corporate debts and changing return on assets (ROAs) on ROEs of emerging market corporate by establishing a multiple regression model. A sample of 100 corporate companies from BRIC countries has been taken to test the model. The test results confirm the importance of corporate debts in predicting ROEs and possible financial strains. Finally, the regression model has been used to estimate ROEs of these corporate companies for the next 5 years with specific recommendation and policy implication to avoid financial crisis.
With the constant changes in the workplace environment, Human Resources practitioners and organizations are facing work environment shifts never experienced before. The future workplace consists of four generations working simultaneously (Baby Boomers, Generation X, Millennials and Generation Z) and there is a significant increase in the presence of technology, that advances and increases its potential exponentially, causing conceptual changes on what work is and what will be required to optimally operate in such environment. Therefore, the topic of generational differences is in the center of companies and researches’ attention. The main purpose of this paper is to propose knowledge sharing practices that can optimize the inclusion process of the multigenerational workforce. To achieve this purpose, secondary empirical data on generational differences, especially focused on work attitudes, ethics, and values were used. In addition, an in-depth interview with a Human Resources practitioner was conducted. The outcome was the proposal of five knowledge sharing practices, that this paper believes to promote long-term optimal results in multigenerational inclusion.
As well as the global economy, the economy of football and more specifically that of the
professional football clubs has grown considerably in recent years.
The amount of money in circulation makes many people dream, but the source of this
money and the reasons that have led investors to take an interest in football are often
unknown to the general public, which is why I made this thesis.
This thesis therefore aims to explain these developments by detailing and quantifying the
different sources of income for professional football clubs.
We will see that the evolution and especially the multiplication of the sources of income
that make up the income mix of football clubs is representative of the evolution of the
football economy.
This thesis will also help to understand why external investors have an interest in
investing in the football economy and how they help to develop the football economy.
Finally, we will develop the collateral effects of the development of this economy, both
positive for the global economy and negative within the football world itself in terms of
inequality and corruption.
Retail banking provides financial services for individuals and families, and one overlooked aspect has been on international students in Germany. This study aims to discover and rank what are important banking factors for international students at HFU. Building on existing work from other geographical areas, it asks: What are the key factors that international students at HFU consider when choosing a bank?
Based on reviews of past literature, an online survey was distributed to potential respondents via email and social media channels. Analysis of the responses demonstrated that the most important factor is in the following order: (Most important) Security -> Services -> Financial Factors -> Convenience -> Reputation (Least important).
On this basis, it is recommended that banks consider taking into account the top important determinants (such as availability of online banking, cyber security, reliability, financial stability and responsiveness) and the least important determinants (word of mouth recommendation, popularity of the bank, tangibles, bank branches and parking facilities) when tailoring their strategies.
This thesis is assigned by Carestream Dental in order to implement a launch plan of the Showpad (A Sales Enablement Platform) application in the EMEA region for the sales and marketing teams. To ensure successful implementation, a thorough analysis was conducted in order to review and established the necessity of the Showpad application. It was imperative to build an implementation plan before the launch. The application was structured and tested among the sales and marketing team to examine the benefits of the application before making any decisions about the Launch. The purpose of this thesis was:
To understand the full capabilities of the platform for sales and marketing.
To define and build a structure that fits the EMEA sales needs.
To this effect, build an implementation plan for a successful launch of the platform. Studying whether the application would add value to the sales and marketing team processes. This thesis was executed as quantitative research collecting data through primary research. A survey was conducted to find out whether the marketing and sales team found the platform useful for them and how they experienced the built-in structure and layout. The purpose of Showpad was to enable our sales and marketing work more efficiently when it comes to having materials for their working needs and the platform was intended to replace previous system, the decision to launch was based on their opinions and experiences. A workshop was organized with the sales and marketing representative as part of implementation plan to discuss internal and external processes of usage. The first step was to roll-out for internal marketing and sales and the second step to launch for external dealers. The overall look and feel of the platform was created in alignment with the Carestream Dental branding guidelines. The structure of the platform was built based on the sales needs and information collected during the workshop. The structure was clear, and content found easy to access in comparison to the platform already in place like Sharepoint. The platform improved the alignment and communication between the marketing and sales team to a good extent.
Programmatic Advertising has been proven to cause privacy concerns amongst its recipients. Various research points out the fact that heavy use of data for personalized advertisements can have a disturbing and scaring effect on the users. This thesis takes a closer look on the privacy concerns of users and whether these concerns are connected to a lack of awareness about the topic Programmatic Advertising.
Since there is a big research gap about this topic, it was essential to collect primary data. For this matter, a combination of qualitative and quantitative data-gathering has been utilized.
The outcome of this research has helped to come up with managerial implications that provide advertisers with a deeper understanding about the users’ privacy concerns and whether these are linked to a lack of awareness and knowledge about Programmatic Advertising.
Many Researches on values of IT investment have produced mixed results. There has never been a clear definition regarding what is the values of IT investment. Some researchers used productivity as an indicator for value, some other used financial figures to measure the value. However, the result is never consistent. This research investigates the value of Treasury Management System's implementation without limiting the definition of values. The findings show that IT investments are often followed by business process reengineering and have a role as decision support system. Furthermore, IT investments are most likely to improve the information quality produced from the system. Therefore, the evaluation of IT investments needs to consider the qualitative values as well