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Course of studies
- IBW - Internationale Betriebswirtschaft (733) (remove)
Die Volkshochschulen befinden sich im Zentrum des Weiterbildungslandschafts und sind fast in jedem kleinen Ort zu finden. Sie verfügen über ein reiches Angebot und erfüllen den politischen Auftrag des Staats. Der Lockdown im März-Mai 2020 hat die Arbeit der Volkshochschulen in vielen Aspekten beeinflusst. Die totale Schulschließung wegen der Corona-Epidemie hat aktuelle Probleme der VHS hervorgehoben. Dazu fehlende Analyse der Zufriedenheit und Wahrnehmung der Teilnehmer über die VHS-Angebote, Schwierigkeiten bei der Digitalisierung des Lernprozesses, mangelhafte Medienkompetenzen von einigen Dozenten und Kursteilnehmern usw.
In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird das VHS-Portfolio, Teilnehmerbereitschaft zum Online Learning, Teilnehmerzufriedenheit und Bewusstsein über die VHS-Angebote vor dem Hintergrund der Corona-Epidemie kritisch untersucht. Die Arbeit enthält auch eine SWOT-Analyse und die Analyse einiger VHS-Wettbewerber. Ein dreiwöchiges Experiment mit der Lerngruppe und seine Ergebnisse wurden beschrieben und interpretiert.
Aufgrund der Überalterung der Gesellschaft wird der Generationenvertrag für jüngere Generation zu einem Problem. Da nicht genügend Kapital in die gesetzliche Rentenversicherung fließt, werden spätere Rentennehmer kaum bis keine gesetzlichen Rentenansprüche geltend machen können. Somit müssen andere Rentensparmodelle in Betracht gezogen werden, wie beispielsweise private Altersvorsorgemodelle. Im Fall der privaten Altersvorsorge bieten fondsgebundene Lebens-und Rentenversicherungen eine Alternative. Vor dem Hintergrund der Niedrigzinsstände und den daher renditeschwachen Kapitalmärkten gilt es alternative Anlageklassen in Erwägung zu ziehen. Die hierbei betrachtete Anlageklasse ist Private Equity. Private Equity Fonds zählen zu der Klasse der alternativen Investmentfonds und bieten Aussichten auf positive, reale Renditen. Im Zuge dieser Arbeit wird eine Beurteilung über die Dienlichkeit und Eignung der Anlageklasse im Rahmen der privaten Altersvorsorge getroffen. Dazu wird das private Altersvorsorgemodell der fondsgebundenen Lebensversicherung erläutert sowie die Anlageklasse Private Equity detailliert betrachtet. Anhand von 6 Kriterien wird zuletzt untersucht, ob eine Investition im Rahmen einer Lebensversicherung sinnvoll ist. Dabei ergibt sich der Fakt dass Private Equity als Anlageklasse für fondsgebundenen Lebensversicherungen gut geeignet ist, während das Produkt der fondsgebundenen Lebensversicherung jedoch signifikante Schwächen aufweist. Diese Schwachpunkte führen dazu, von einer Private Equity Investition im Rahmen eines Fondsdepots einer Lebensversicherung abzusehen. Stattdessen ist es sinnvoller als Privatanleger in Private Equity Dachfonds anzulegen und dies komplementär zu anderen geeigneten Vorsorgemodellen zu betreiben.
Die vorliegende Bachelorarbeit beschäftigt sich mit jungen Tech-Unternehmen in der Finanzbranche, sogenannten Fintechs und ihrer Auswirkung auf das Firmenkundengeschäft der Banken in Deutschland. Mittlerweile sind Fintechs in unterschiedlichsten Bereichen von Accounting Lösungen über Kreditvergabe bis zum Zahlungsverkehr zu finden. Ebenso vielseitig sind die Meinungen darüber, wie die Beziehung zwischen Banken und Fintechs beschrieben werden soll. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wird geklärt, ob sich die Zusammenarbeit von Banken und Fintechs als Coopetition beschreiben lässt. Zudem wird den Fragen nachgegangen, warum es überhaupt zur Zusammenarbeit zwischen den beiden Parteien kommt und welche Herausforderungen bestehen. In diesem Sinne werden Studien ausgewertet und Experteninterviews mit Bankenvertretern geführt. Die Resultate belegen, dass die Zusammenarbeit durch kooperative sowie konkurrierende Aspekte geprägt ist. Gründe, um mit Fintechs zusammenzuarbeiten, liegen aus Sicht der Banken darin, die Innovationen und die Digitalisierung weiterzutreiben. Herausforderungen sind in den unterschiedlichen Unternehmenskulturen zu sehen.
Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht auf der Basis einer umfassenden B2B-Kundenanalyse, wie sich ein erster Marktsegmentierungsansatz bezüglich der gewerblichen Kunden von E-Mobility aus Sicht des Automobilhandels ausgestalten könnte und welche strategischen Implikationen sich daraus für die Kommunikation mit dem Zielmarkt ergeben. Basierend auf diesen Erkenntnissen, wird in einem weiteren Schritt analysiert, welche B2B-Geschäftsmodelle sich besonders für dieses Kundensegment eignen. Die Gesamtheit der Erkenntnisse werden abschließend zur Konzeption eigener B2B-Geschäftsmodellideen genutzt, welche sich aufgrund einer umfassenden Wirtschaftlichkeitsberechnung als besonders attraktiv sowohl für den Zielmarkt als auch für den Automobilhandel erweisen.
Die vorliegende Bachelorarbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Analyse und Auswertung der Er-folgsfaktoren des Target Marketings für Frauen im Bereich der E-Mobilität. Der Sinn und Zweck der Arbeit gestaltet sich darin, die weibliche Zielgruppe für die Marke Tesla zu gewinnen und zu binden, um somit als Resultat die Verkaufszahlen zu erhöhen. Dies ge-staltet sich als zunehmend wichtiger, da die Frauen ein erhebliches Mitspracherecht im Bereich des Autokaufes haben, sie jedoch weniger mit dem Konzept der E-Mobilität ver-traut sind und diesem misstrauen. Im theoretischen Teil wird zunächst die Vorgehenswei-se einer Social Media Kommunikationsstrategie erläutert und auf einzelne Social Media Plattformen eingegangen. Daraufhin wird das Konsumentenverhalten anhand eines Mo-dells erklärt, sowie auf die Erkenntnisse der weiblichen Zielgruppe eingegangen. Im An-schluss werden die Inhaltsanalyse, das Expertengespräch und die großzahlige Befragung durchgeführt, um herauszufinden welche Strategie aktuell von Tesla verfolgt wird und welche Ausprägungen für die inhaltlichen Beiträge von Bedeutung sind, um eine erfolg-reiche Strategie zu entwickeln.
Unternehmenserfolg wird häufig durch die Subtraktion der Kosten vom Umsatz berechnet. Niedrigere Kosten tragen dabei maßgeblich zur Wirtschaftlichkeit von Unternehmen bei. Die Budgetierung ist ein beliebtes Werkzeug, Kosteneffizienz zu erzielen und die vorhandenen Mittel im Unternehmen optimal zu verteilen. In der Theorie werden dabei die verschiedensten Verfahren beschrieben, welche in der Unternehmenspraxis Anwendung finden. In dieser Arbeit wird die Umstellung von der traditionellen Budgetierung zu Zero-Base Budgeting für die Gemeinkosten im Privatkunden Geschäftsbereich bei Vodafone untersucht. Die Implementierung von Zero-Base Budgeting führte zu mehr Transparenz und Kostensensibilität in den Fachbereichen, war aber mit enormem Aufwand und Unklarheiten verbunden. Die Soll-Situation wurde durch die Anwendung von Optimierungspotentialen aus der Literatur formuliert und verspricht mehr Kosteneffizienz und weniger Unklarheiten durch die Einführung von Leistungsniveaus und einem Budgetschnitt. Mögliche Herausforderungen bei der Anwendung sind dabei die Annahme eines neuen Prozesses und die Durchführbarkeit von Leistungsniveaus und die Rangfolge der Entscheidungspakete.
Demographische Veränderungen in unserer heutigen Gesellschaft führen zu einem Fachkräftemangel, der nur durch eine Mobilisierung von zusätzlichen Arbeitskräften ausbalanciert werden kann. Dieser Fachkräftemangel kann teilweise durch eine Steigerung der Müttererwerbstätigkeit ausgeglichen werden. Dazu muss es Müttern möglich gemacht werden, sich verstärkt am Arbeitsmarkt zu beteiligen ohne das Familienleben zu vernachlässigen. Konzepte der Vereinbarkeit könnten dieses Problem lösen.
Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem Thema Work-Life-Balance von erwerbstätigen Müttern. Genauer gesagt, mit der Fragestellung, mit welchen Work-Life-Balance-Maßnahmen Arbeitgeber zu einem schnellen beruflichen Wiedereinstieg nach einer familienbedingten Erwerbspause beitragen können. Die Untersuchung soll in das Thema Work-Life-Balance einführen und die Notwendigkeit solcher Maßnahmen schildern.
Um die nachfolgende Ableitung von entsprechenden Work-Life-Balance-Maßnahmen zu ermöglichen, werden die Gründe für lange Erwerbspausen untersucht.
Da in dieser Arbeit die Arbeitgeberseite betrachtet wird, soll sich ein Teil der Untersuchung dem betriebswirtschaftlichen Nutzen für Unternehmen widmen.
Most Western countries have very low percentages of women who study in science,
technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) fields. These fields are of economic
importance as they are essential for innovation - the key to the creation of new products,
ideas and processes. Especially in developed countries, the STEM sector is one of the
largest growth factors. Having mainly men studying in STEM fields limits the available
talent and thus the quality of human resources; therefore, it is important that more
women study in STEM fields for more efficiency and increased economic development.
In contrast to Western countries, Muslim countries exhibit large numbers of women in
STEM majors. This thesis analyses different aspects of Muslim countries to determine
reasons for more women in these countries to study in STEM fields. The current study
is based on literature such as journal articles, textbooks and online sources. The
following factors are studied to answer the first research question: social reasons
(including religion, history, perception of women, wealth and social status, and
educational system), legal framework, technological reasons and economic reasons.
The findings indicate that a combination of aspects and circumstances leads to the large
numbers of women in Muslim countries in STEM majors. Among the analysed factors
the educational system and economic situation of Muslim countries seem to be the root
cause.
Furthermore, the current study analyses consequences of the high number of women in
STEM fields in Muslim countries in the labour market, to answer the following
questions: (1) Do educational opportunities lead to equal opportunities in the labour
market? (2) Is it respectable for women in Muslim countries to work? (This question
addresses factors such as Islam, tradition, a woman’s role as a mother, mixed-gender
workplaces, demography and legal restrictions) (3) In which sectors do women work?
(sectors and leadership positions) (4) What is the relation of female labour to the
economy? (impact of economic situation, economic landscape, globalisation, and
importance of female employment for the economy).
The result is that educational opportunities for women in Muslim countries do not
translate into equal chances in the labour market. Regarding STEM fields the
employment of women ranges from gender equality to nearly no opportunities at all,
depending on the country. The small numbers are most likely due to the lower position
of women in society, the generally less opportunities for women in the labour market
and women’s rights issues.
Der Erhalt von Wissen gewinnt in der heutigen Zeit kontinuierlich an Bedeutung. Durch die Entwicklung neuer Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien steigen die Komplexität der Aufgaben und die Anforderungen an die Mitarbeiter. Arbeit ist nicht mehr orts- und zeitgebunden und Informationen werden global geteilt. Der Wissensaustausch findet dezentralisiert über Netzwerke und Social Software statt. Die vorliegende Arbeit analysiert in einem ersten Schritt, welche Unternehmenskulturen das interne Wissensmanagement begünstigen und wodurch die Motivation des Mitarbeiters zum Teilen von Wissen gesteigert werden kann. Anschließend werden Einsatzmöglichkeiten und Erfolgsfaktoren von Social Software im Unternehmenskontext erörtert. Das Ziel der Bachelor-Thesis ist es, im Rahmen dieser Erkenntnisse eine mögliche Basis für ein strukturiertes und funktionales Wissensmanagement unter Einbeziehung von Social Software zu erstellen.
The international debate on cannabis legalization gained considerable momentum after US states Colorado and Washington adopted laws on legal recreational cannabis for the first time. Ever since, seven US states and nations such as Uruguay and Canada followed the lead. Germany is no exception from this development and there are various other countries considering to legalize marihuana for recreational purposes as well.
It is of high interest for policy makers in politics, economics and public health and safety to understand to what extent such an amendment influences different areas of society. The academic literature about coherent implications for the German state is scarce. The present thesis is an analysis of the economic consequences of a potential cannabis legalization in Germany and a weighing up of its pros and cons in monetary terms.
Information about properties of cannabis markets such as supply, prices, demand and their dynamics - predominantly from scientific research in nations with adopted legalization or decriminalization laws – were examined and transferred to Germany to compute likely income and expenditure related to or influenced by cannabis. Factors included are demand reactions and thereby impacts on tax income from marihuana, public expenditure for law enforcement and health, the alcohol industry, opiate consumption, as well as road safety
and drug-related crime. A legalization would result in a significant increase of annual cannabis consumption and regular users in Germany. The analysis identified public expenditure and tax income as substantial components with regard to the economic feasibility study. Interrelations to alcohol consumption are also important in determining the appropriateness of such an amendment. Severe adverse outcomes on road safety or other drug consumption are not expected. Drug-related crime and power of organized crime are likely to decrease.
Zur Stabilisierung der Konjunktur im Zuge der Covid-19-Krise hat die Bundesregierung Deutschlands mit der vom 01. Juli bis 31. Dezember 2020 eingeführten temporären Mehrwertsteuersenkung auf ein noch neuartiges konjunkturpolitisches Instrument zurückgegriffen. Dieses ist zentraler Teil eines mit 130 Milliarden dotierten Konjunkturpakets.
Ziel dieser Arbeit ist, die Wirksamkeit zentraler Elemente der Konjunkturpolitik anhand der damit verbundenen Anforderungen zu untersuchen und die Mehrwertsteuersenkung in diesem Kontext auf ihre Eignung zur Konjunkturstimulierung zu überprüfen. Zur empirischen Untersuchung wurden Experteninterviews mit Wirtschaftswissenschaftlern und betroffenen Verbänden durchgeführt. Die ersten richtungsweisenden Erkenntnisse aus den Interviews, Praxisbeispielen und bestehender Theorie zeigen, dass die Mehrwertsteuersenkung zwar zeitnah und temporär umgesetzt werden konnte, jedoch als wenig zielgerichtet und effektiv zu bewerten ist. Der von der Bundesregierung erhoffte Konjunktureffekt ist als gering zu beurteilen und kam Krisengewinnern stärker zu Gute als besonders betroffenen Branchen. Im Kontext der pandemiebedingten Krise wird zudem die grundsätzliche Wirksamkeit nachfrageorientierter Maßnahmen sowie die praktische Handhabung und zeitliche Koordinierung der Mehrwertsteuersenkung kritisch hinterfragt.
Today Outdoor-Trainings are an element in the modern world of work which increases steadily. It is about an activity-oriented method where vital key skills are developed. Outdoor-Trainings are particularly used as a learning method for management qualifications and teambuilding skills. During Outdoor-Settings participants are learning key skills by action and experience. Nevertheless Outdoor-Trainings are controversially discussed. Purpose of the present thesis is the elective “White Water Principles of Management“ of Hochschule Furtwangen University. Management skills are a learning target taught during an excursion by kayaking on a white water river. There are just a few empirical studies regarding effectiveness and efficiency of Outdoor-Trainings. This is why the following study is analysing the outcome and effectiveness of “White Water Training” for management education. Moreover the elaboration explores the coherence between the characteristics of the students and their management skills. The method used for data collection is a questionnaire where probands indicate their level of agreement towards their management skills on a rating scale. The present study consists of a quasi-experimental design where test persons are classified in an experimental and a control group by criteria of participation or non-participation. This means that people are not randomly assigned to a group. Data are collected two points in time, before and after the measure respectively the workshop. The purpose of the study is to find out whether the experimental group changed more than the control group. The effect of the workshop is measured by the difference in the amount of change between the experimental and the control group.
After evaluating the collected data the study shows that the experimental group respectively the group which participated in the elective, changed clearly more than the control group. Regarding the coherence analysis a connection between business studies and the outcome of the study can be clearly observed. Students of business studies achieved the highest outcomes compared to students of other fields of studies. Moreover it was discovered that students who already had done an apprenticeship had higher levels of agreement before the measure as their colleagues without apprenticeships.
Content of this bachelor thesis is to portray the status quo in Germany´s discussion about its welcoming culture and its lack of qualified workers. Government actions as well as efforts from companies are shown in this paper. Two surveys were conducted about the welcoming culture in Germany and German companies. The first survey was asking companies about their need of qualified workers as well as an already might existing welcoming culture. The second survey was sent to qualified immigrants who came through projects to Germany, to find out how they perceived the efforts for a welcoming culture in Germany. The results of the whole research are summed up in the last part of the thesis with a critical eflection. The surveys were conducted with the support of Synergie Personal GmbH Deutschland, as well as with the help of the companies that participated in the projects of the Fachkräfteallianz Gewinnerregion.
This bachelor thesis is about the current topic welcome culture in Germany. The focus of this work is on foreign skilled employees (both foreign employees with a local contract and Impats) and on companies. However, it also contains a current insight into the welcome culture in politics and society. On the one hand, the research question is to find out what instruments and procedures company can use for an effective integration of their international employees. These instruments cover both internal methods as well as the social integration outside the company. On the other hand, the research question is about the needs and challenges foreign skilled employees have to face with. The theory mainly includes Human Resources instruments, for example the topics “global assignments” or “onboarding” are investigated in detail. The second part is an empirical
study based on qualitative interviews with eight companies and an online questionnaire for the foreign skilled employees. As the interviews were mainly realized in large German companies, the welcome culture and employee retention is already a current topic. Results show that the companies use similar or different instruments for integrating their foreign staff. However, there are slight differences, especially in helping the employees with the social integration. The second questionnaire focused on the needs and desires of the employees from abroad showed that they are satisfied with the help offered by the company. Most of the migrants would like to extend their stay in Germany.
Die vorliegende Ereignisstudie untersucht, wie sich die Ausgabe von Green Bonds auf den Aktienkurs eines Unternehmens auswirkt. Dazu werden 176 Ankündigungen von Green-Bond-Emissionen von 107 börsennotierten europäischen Unternehmen im Zeitraum von Januar 2013 bis November 2022 betrachtet. Dabei wird am Tag der Ankündigung eine positive durchschnittliche abnormale Rendite und eine positive durchschnittliche kumulierte abnormale Rendite im Betrachtungszeitfenster gefunden. Parametrische und nicht-parametrische Tests bestätigen die Signifikanz. Dies liefert empirische Belege dafür, dass Aktienkurse von Unternehmen positiv auf die Ausgabe von Green Bonds reagieren.
Das Thema der Bachelor Thesis lautet: Wie wandelt sich Technologie und Marktumfeld für Optimy, welche Bedrohungen und Chancen ergeben sich daraus und welche Anpassungsstrategien sollte die Firma wählen? Die Forschungsfrage wurde angegangen, indem eine Literaturrecherche sowie mehrere qualitative Befragungen mit einem Angestellten der Firma Optimy S.A., einem ehemaligen Praktikanten der Unternehmung, verschiedenen Kunden im deutschsprachigen Raum und einem Konkurrenten durchgeführt wurden. Zur Anwendung kommen dabei unter anderem Themen aus dem strategischen Management wie eine PESTLE-Analyse, Porter’s Five Forces, Ressourcen und Fähigkeiten, die Wertschöpfungskette sowie eine SWOT-Analyse und das Versionsmanagement, um das Marktumfeld analysieren zu können. Dabei wurden Erkenntnisse über die Softwareindustrie zur Verwaltung von Förderanfragen, dem Marktvolumen und Eigenheiten von verschiedenen Märkten, die Offenheit der Menschen gegenüber Softwareprodukten und ihre Nachfrage darüber deutlich, welche sich jeweils positiv entwickelten. Weiterhin konnte das Industrieumfeld als positiv und damit als attraktiv bewertet werden, was früher oder später zu einer erhöhten Konkurrenzanzahl führen wird. Weiterhin werden konkrete Handlungs- und Verbesserungsempfehlungen für die Firma Optimy aufgezeigt, um eine differenzierende Wettbewerbsposition auf dem Markt einzunehmen und den Mehrwert für seine Kunden zu steigern. Dabei können geringe Unterschiede zu bestehenden Konkurrenten festgestellt werden, weshalb die Weiterentwicklung von Funktionen, das Eingehen von Partnerschaften und die Steigerung der Qualität sowie der Ausbau einer Marke essentiell sind, um ein unterschiedliches Produktportfolio anbieten zu können. Dabei ist auch in Zukunft zu erwarten, dass Softwareapplikationen häufiger zur Anwendung kommen, cloudbasierte Software wichtiger werden wird, Sponsoringbudgets von Unternehmen ansteigen werden und Menschen einen starken Drang nach Automatisierung besitzen, was das Erfolgspotenzial in diesem Geschäftsfeld hervorhebt.
Die vorliegende Bachelorarbeit untersucht die Forschungsfrage „Wie sieht eine passende Vermarktungsstrategie für die Marke IDEAL Health aus?“
Zunächst wurde im Theorieteil die Luftreinigungsbranche analysiert und die Marke IDEAL Health charakterisiert. Daraufhin wurden Experteninterviews und eine Umfrage zur Kundenzufriedenheit durchgeführt. Deren Analyse ergab unter anderem, dass der Markt für Luftreiniger wächst, doch ein Großteil der Bevölkerung im Unwissen über Möglichkeiten zur Luftreinigung ist. Diese und weitere Erkenntnisse wurden in Handlungsempfehlungen für die Firma Krug & Priester eingebunden, wobei verschiedene Werbekonzepte und auch das Risikomanagement thematisiert wurden. Insgesamt wird eine differenzierte Vermarktungsstrategie für Krug & Priester dargestellt, um das Bewusstsein der Menschen zu wecken und die Marke IDEAL Health weiterhin erfolgreich in der Luftreinigungsbranche zu etablieren.
The health of employees has been gaining in importance for several years and has become a strategic competitive advantage over other companies. With the increased attention to the health of employees, the importance of corporate health management is also growing. In the meantime, the number of offers for health promotion in the company is increasing. Nevertheless, many employees cannot be reached with these offers. However, many of them would need to change to a health-promoting lifestyle.
For this reason, it is even more important not only to concentrate on the sporty employees, but to create effective access to the inactive employees. Accordingly, this paper addresses the important question of how to reach these hard-to-reach employees and motivate them for a sustainable and health-promoting change in behaviour.
For this purpose, a qualitative study was conducted through interviews with former participants of a behaviour change programme at the Horb plant of Bosch Rexroth AG. The focus was on answering the question on how to create access to the hard-to-reach employees. Moreover, the question was asked about ways to support employees in maintaining this behaviour.
The research results showed that talking to employees in combination with a direct proposal for action is the biggest driver for change. This conversation can happen at different levels, through former participants and colleagues, managers, but also through experts or the company medical officer. Creating a programme for employees that is attractive and provides great benefits is crucial. A significant benefit is also the creation of a group dynamic. In addition, it is important for participants to both maintain the behaviour and receive support from the employer after the programme. By incorporating these strategies into the programme, the employee can successfully change their behaviour and subsequently sustain it.
Der Tourismus ist eine der größten und profitabelsten Branchen der Welt. Seit vielen Jahren wächst der Umsatz und die Zahl der Gäste stetig, aber der Wettbewerb in dieser Branche ist groß. Viele Reiseziele und Unternehmen versuchen, über die Social-Media-Plattformen neue Kunden zu gewinnen. In den letzten Jahren haben viele Unternehmen die Macht und den Einfluss von Social Media erkannt, und es wurde zu einem der effektivsten Marketing-Tools. Doch wie hat sich Social Media genau auf die Tourismusbranche ausgewirkt und wie groß ist der Einfluss auf Destinationen und Unternehmen? Die folgende Arbeit analysiert die Auswirkungen von Social Media auf die Tourismusbranche und sucht nach Möglichkeiten, diesen Einfluss für das Marketing in dem jeweiligen Bereich zu nutzen.
Tourism is one of the biggest and most profitable industries in the world. Since many years it keeps a steady grow in revenue and guests, but the competition is high in this branch. Many destinations and companies are trying to win new customers through emerging Social Media platforms. In recent years a lot of companies recognized the power and influence of social media, and it became one of the most effective marketing-tools. But how did Social Media effect the Tourism industry exactly and how big is it´s influence on destinations and companies? The following thesis analyzes the effects of social media on the tourism industry and searches for ways to use this influence for marketing in the respective field.
Für viele Unternehmen im B2B Bereich wie die SICK AG, stellen Messen und die
dort ausgestellten Exponate eine der wichtigsten Marketinginstrumente dar.
Allerdings befindet sich die Messelandschaft im ständigen Wandel. Nicht nur
technische Innovationen, sondern auch die Corona-Pandemie haben das
Erscheinungsbild von Fachmessen anhaltend geprägt.
Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es zu erforschen, wie Fachmessen in
Deutschland sich in den kommenden Jahren verändern werden und welche
Auswirkungen sich daraus für die Exponatelandschaft der SICK AG ergeben.
Um diese Frage zu beantworten, hat man externe und interne Prognosen mithilfe
von Experteninterviews geprüft. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass insbesondere
Präsenzmessen mit spezifischen Fokus für die SICK AG eine führende Rolle
einnehmen werden. In Bezug auf Exponate wird eine Mischung aus Hardware,
virtueller und hybrider Exponate unerlässlich. Besonders wichtig ist es dabei,
dass die Gesamtheit des Messestandes einem Konzept folgt und dabei für den
Kunden relevante Inhalte präsentiert werden.
This bachelor thesis is a comparative study between German and French consumers. Why do Germans spend less on food than French consumers? This question, which is the main one of this paper, leads to a subdivision in three other questions: How do the culture and some financial aspects of Germany and France impact their food buying decisions? German consumer vs. French consumer: how important are the characteristics of each consumer behaviour Profile? Are the other parameters being taken into account while buying food the reasons why French consumers spend more on food than Germans?
In order to answer the first two questions not only an analysis of both culture is required but also an examination of the consumption behaviours of each population. By means of qualitative and quantitative research methods the third question will be treated.
According to this comparative study, the results show that buying decision related to food is strongly influenced by some cultural aspects of each population. An answer of the main question of this study can also be derived after analysing the German consumer Profile.
This thesis focuses on what factors make a food- or restaurant franchise successful in general and what factors make a food-or restaurant franchise in Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany, successful. A literature research was conducted to combine these factors into a framework for food- and restaurant-franchises and potential entrants in Freiburg im Breisgau. Furthermore, a PEST- and location analysis for Freiburg im Breisgau for food- and restaurant franchises was performed. Results show that success factors break down into two main topics namely the franchisor-franchisee relationship and food- and restaurant-franchise key performance indices. Belonging to the franchisor-franchisee relationship, extensive communication and cooperation lays at the core of each successful franchise. Average check, revenue per available seat per hour, and meal duration feature important key performance indices which contribute to the franchise ́s success. Menu analysis, the nine segment matrix and good quality of food and service ensure a competitive advantage if reviewed regularly and lay the foundation of a regular customer basis. Food- or restaurant-franchises in Freiburg im Breisgau include the following success factors: offering vegetarian and vegan options, operating out of the city district of Altstadt-Mitte, and orienting prices to the industry standard although respecting locally produced ingredients. This work gives a first orientation framework for the success of franchises as well as concrete success factors for Freiburg im Breisgau, which could be tested and optimized by further research.
The German-French personnel consultancy Rheinbrücke Consulting intended to gain a deeper knowledge of the German market for personnel consulting. Due to the lack
of comprehensive literature, expert interviews were conducted in the framework of this thesis in order to analyse the structure of the German market for personnel consulting how it is changing and to derive consequences for the positioning of Rheinbrücke Consulting today and in the future. The result is that the German market for personnel consulting is opaque and that a lot of companies from sole entrepreneurs to personnel consulting concerns supply a lot of services that vary considerably in their quality. Potential clients prefer to employ recommended personnel consultancies that are specialised and supply performance-based billing. They aim for long term business partnerships with personnel consultancies wherefore the author recommends to Rheinbrücke Consulting to follow up in their strategy work with the key subjects networking, relationship between customer and personnel consultancy, specialisation and remuneration.
Diese Bachelorarbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Forschungsfrage, wie die Materialwirtschaft die Kosten im Gastgewerbe beeinflusst und untersucht zudem, wie eine möglichst bessere Materialwirtschaft zu mehr Leistungsfähigkeit sowie Kostensenkung beitragen kann. Auf der Grundlage einer eingehenden Problemanalyse anhand eines Beispielrestaurants und einer gründlichen Untersuchung der theoretischen Herausforderungen im Gastgewerbe werden verschiedene Aspekte der Materialwirtschaft analysiert.
Die Forschungsmethode dieser Arbeit besteht aus einer empirischen Analyse und einem theoretischen Rahmen, wobei Daten aus dem Beispielrestaurant und aus relevanten Literaturquellen verwendet werden.
Die Ergebnisse der Analyse deuten darauf hin, dass saisonale Schwankungen, Wagniskosten sowie Abfallmengen und inflationsbedingte Kostensteigerungen erhebliche Herausforderungen für die Materialwirtschaft im Gaststättengewerbe darstellen.
Diese Untersuchung liefert bedeutende Erkenntnisse für die Gastronomen im Bereich der Materialwirtschaft und widmet sich als Grundlage für die Entwicklung neuer Strategien zur Kostenoptimierung und Leistungssteigerung im Gaststättengewerbe. Mit Hilfe dieser Erkenntnisse können Restaurantbetriebe ihre Rentabilität verbessern und zudem auf langfristiger Basis erfolgreich am Markt wirtschaften.
"Die Welt von morgen ändert sich [...]. Am Ende ist der persönliche, menschliche Kontakt entscheidend für ein internationales Geschäft.“-R. Metze
In einer von Krisen und Konflikten geprägten Welt, in der sich das Handlungsumfeld eines Unternehmens ständig verändert, steht gerade im Dienstleistungssektor nach wie vor der Mensch im Fokus. Zwischenmenschliche Kontakte und Humanressourcen stellen somit eine wichtige Grundlage für internationale Vorhaben dar. Diese sind jedoch nicht alleiniger Bestandteil einer erfolgreichen Internationalisierungsstrategie. Um darzustellen, welche weiteren Punkte in der Planung einer Internationalisierung berücksichtigt werden müssen, gibt die vorliegende Arbeit eine Übersicht über relevante strategische Vorgehensweisen in Bezug auf Internationalisierung und formuliert anschließend darauf aufbauende Handlungsempfehlungen für eine in der Zukunft liegende geographische Expansion für die Communardo Software GmbH. Daraus ergibt sich folgende dieser Arbeit zugrundeliegende dreiteilige Fragestellung: Welche strategischen Ansätze zur Umsetzung einer Internationalisierung gibt es, wie werden diese in der IT-Dienstleistungsbranche erfolgreich umgesetzt und welche Handlungsoptionen lassen sich daraus für die Communardo Software GmbH ableiten?
Die Beantwortung dieser Frage erfolgt mithilfe von acht qualitativen Experteninterviews, einer induktiv-qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse und einer Literaturrecherche. So können relevante Informationen zusammengetragen und sinnvolle, erfolgsversprechende Handlungsoptionen formuliert werden. Aufgrund der Dynamik des Handlungsfeldes und der Notwendigkeit einer intensiven Unternehmens- und Umweltanalyse, werden diese Handlungsoptionen in Form von drei Planungsschritten, innerhalb eines strategischen Vorbereitungsprozesses ausgearbeitet. So kann aufbauend auf diesen Planungsschritten unter Einbezug unternehmens- und situationsspezifischer Faktoren eine auf das Unternehmen angepasste Internationalisierungsstrategie konzipiert werden.
A study by the Bertelsmann Stiftung concludes that companies invested around €11.1 billion in training their employees in 2015. This is due to our evolution into a knowledge society, where knowledge represents the competitive advantage for companies. However, in order to be able to benefit from these training investments, a learning transfer must take place on the part of the employees. Constructivist learning theory aims to counteract the lack of learning transfer. Thus, constructivist design principles in the learning environment can make it possible to foster learning transfer. The latest developments in e-learning, such as the use of Web 2.0 instruments or mobile learning, increase the potential to support constructivist design principles and consequently learning transfer. Using qualitative data from 11 semi-structured interviews with professionals in the field of e-learning, this study explores the role of e-learning in transfer of training. The results indicated that e-learning plays an important role in supporting three of the five constructivist principles and this technological support is likely to become even more important in the future. However, regarding the two other constructivist principles, which both concern the social exchange, the results show that employees still prefer a personal instead of virtual exchange for learning purposes.
Die vorliegende Bachelorthesis thematisiert weitgehend die Möglichkeiten und Herausforderungen der Implementierung von Diversity Management die in deutschen Unternehmen entstehen können.
Der Zweck ist das Erforschen von Faktoren, die eine Umsetzung des Diversity Management in der Praxis erschweren, sowie mögliche postitive Auswirkungen, die durch diese neue Herangehensweise entstehen können. Hierzu wird die konkrete Forschungsfrage in den Raum gestellt: “Welche Herausforderungen und Möglichkeiten entstehen bei der Implementierung von Diversity Management in deutsche Unternehmen?”
Um die benötigten Fakten und Informationen zu gewinnen, wurden zuverlässige Quellen angewandt, die statistischen, sowie qualitative Daten und Informationen geliefert haben. Diesbezüglich wurden Auswertungen von Umfragen und Experteninterwiews ausgewertet. Die statistischen Daten, die für die Arbeit verwendet wurden, handeln über die Anzahl der Unternehmen, die Diversity Management breits umgesetzt haben, die Vorteile und Nachteile, die dadurch entstanden sind, die Beweggründe weshalb Unternehmen sich anders orientieren.
Diese Arbeit hat das Ziel darzustellen, wie essenziell Diversity Management für die Zukunft der deutschen Unternehmen ist und welche Möglichkeiten nach der erfolgreichen Implementierung entstehen können. Zeitgleich sollen auch die negativen Aspekte erläutert werden und somit dargestellt werden, dass dieses Thema deutlich unterschätzt wird.
Welche Herausforderungen hat das Tragen eines muslimischen Kopftuches in der deutschen Wirtschaft?
(2024)
Die vorliegende Bachelorarbeit behandelt das Thema „Welche Herausforderungen hat das Tragen eines muslimischen Kopftuches in der deutschen Wirtschaft?“. Der Fokus liegt auf den persönlichen Erfahrungen und den beruflichen Herausforderungen basierend auf den kopftuchtragenden Frauen aus der im Rahmen der Bachelorarbeit durchgeführten Umfrage. Darüber hinaus wird auf den Islam als Weltreligion vor allem auf die religiöse Begründung des Kopftuchgebots wie auch auf den rechtlichen Rahmen in Deutschland eingegangen.
Art. 4 Abs. 1 und 2 GG gewährt den in Deutschland lebenden Menschen, einen Glauben oder eine Weltanschauung frei und öffentlich auszuüben. Zugleich gestattet das Allgemeine Gleichbehandlungsgesetz neben wenigen Ausnahmen keine Benachteiligungen auf Grund der Religion oder der Weltanschauung im Berufsleben. Im Jahre 2015 entschied das BVerfG, dass ein pauschales Kopftuchverbot für Lehrkräfte in öffentlichen Schulen mit der Verfassung nicht vereinbar ist.
Das Thema berufliche Herausforderungen gewinnt wegen des persönlichen Merkmals der Musliminnen im Arbeitsleben an Aktualität. In dieser Bachelorarbeit soll die Bedeutung von möglichen Vorurteilen und Diskriminierungen gegenüber kopftuchtragenden Frauen in der deutschen Wirtschaft untersucht werden. Hierzu wurde eine Umfrage mit berufstätigen Kopftuchträgerinnen in Deutschland durchgeführt. Aus den Umfrageergebnissen geht hervor, dass das muslimische Kopftuch im beruflichen Kontext Herausforderungen insbesondere Diskriminierung und Vorurteile für Frauen mit einem muslimischen Kopftuch herbeiführt. Es wird jedoch auch deutlich, dass einige berufstätige Frauen keine Herausforderungen begegnet sind. Eine Verallgemeinerung ist somit nicht möglich. Mit Blick auf den zunehmenden Fachkräftemangel besteht die An- forderung, das Thema im Sinne der Entlastung der deutschen Wirtschaft zu beleuchten.
Die duale Berufsausbildung gilt als grundlegender Bestandteil der Fachkräftesicherung in Deutschland. In den letzten Jahren ist jedoch ein deutlicher Rückgang der Attraktivität von Ausbildungsberufen zu verzeichnen.
Diese Bachelorarbeit zielt darauf ab, die Präferenzen und Anforderungen der Generation Z an die Arbeitswelt, insbesondere im Kontext der Ausbildung, zu klären. Dazu soll primär folgende Forschungsfrage beantwortet werden: „Welche Faktoren sind der Generation Z bei der Wahl des Ausbildungsbetriebs wichtig?“.
Zur Beantwortung der Forschungsfrage wurden zwei eigenständige Studien durchgeführt. Zum einen erfolgte eine quantitative Untersuchung anhand der Befragung von Schülern, um Einblicke in ihre Berufsorientierung und -wahl zu erlangen. Zum anderen wurden qualitative Interviews mit Auszubildenden bei IMS Gear SE & Co. KGaA geführt, um tiefere Einblicke in die getroffene Wahl des Ausbildungsbetriebs zu erhalten.
Die Ergebnisse beider Untersuchungen zeigten, dass für die Generation Z ein freundliches Arbeitsumfeld, ein angemessenes Gehalt und ein sicherer Arbeitgeber zu den zentralen Anforderungen an einen Ausbildungsbetrieb gehören. Zusätzlich wird der Work-Life-Balance, dem Standort des Unternehmens und weiteren nicht-monetären Faktoren eine hohe Relevanz zugeschrieben.
Diese Erkenntnisse verdeutlichen, dass die Generation Z vielfältige Ansprüche an ihren zukünftigen Arbeitgeber stellt. Unternehmen wie IMS Gear SE & Co. KGaA, müssen ihre Rekrutierungsstrategien entsprechend anpassen, um weiterhin erfolgreich alle Ausbildungsplätze zu besetzen. Die abgeleiteten Handlungsempfehlungen dieser Arbeit bieten eine Grundlage für die gezielte und erfolgreiche Rekrutierung der Generation Z.
Die Arbeit stellt die Faktoren, die für einen erfolgreichen Aufbau eines Network Marketing Geschäfts über die sozialen Medien ausschlaggebend sind, dar. Sie zeigt auf, welche Faktoren im Network Marketing und auf den sozialen Medien Erfolg versprechen. Anhand von drei Cases werden Erfahrungen aus der Praxis verschiedener Sichtweisen zusammen geführt. Aus der Betrachtung von Theorie und Praxis werden Erfolgsfaktoren und daraus folgende Handlungsempfehlungen für einen erfolgreichen Geschäftsaufbau durch die sozialen Medien zusammengeführt und veranschaulicht.
This study focuses on whether users perceive Trust as an essential factor in revisiting Saleduck CHDE to maximize profit. Three major components were identified based on academic literature on online customer behaviour and e-commerce: Perceived Aesthetics, Perceived Usefulness, and Perceived Ease of use. Seven measurable indicators from previous research were used to measure the unobserved components. Also, relevant company data about the German-speaking Switzerland domain were analyzed to outline the relevance of revisiting visitors. According to Google Analytics, the average revisiting visitor generates approximately 4.8 times higher revenues than the average new visitor. The sample consists of 104 students and employed respondents who took part on a five-point Likert scale. The questionnaire also incorporates questions about demographics and target grouping. For assessing the relationship between these three constructs and Trust, Structural Equation Modelling techniques were implemented using IBM SPSS AMOS 28.0. Results show that most participants value Trust highly when using a coupon website. Nevertheless, relationships between Trust and its latent indicators could not be adequately assessed due to suppression effects. Additionally, differences between groups among both measured variables and latent constructs were assessed. The study found that five out of seven indicators in the measurement model significantly reflect the hypothesized components. However, insufficient sample size and a low number of indicators per construct were most likely the reason for the presence of suppression effects. Also, several potential validity issues occurred; the absence of German-speaking respondents from Switzerland, a low number of employed respondents, and a lack of diversity in the samples' age distribution.
Die immer schneller werdende Bekleidungsindustrie verlangt von Modeunternehmen eine sehr hohe Flexibilität und schnelle Reaktionszeiten auf neue Trends. Dies setzt eine reibungslose Lieferkette in allen Bereichen voraus. Die hier fokussierte Warenbereitstellung mit Zutaten für die Konfektionsbetriebe bildet einen wichtigen Bereich dieser Lieferkette. Folglich wird untersucht welche Voraussetzungen und Vorbereitungen getroffen werden müssen um den Materialfluss im Zutatenlager der Marc Cain GmbH anhand eines automatisierten Kleinteilelagers zu optimieren. Nachdem eine theoretische Vertiefung in den Fachbereich der Logistik und explizit in die Lagerhaltung und Kommissionierung durchgeführt wurde, konnten anhand einer Wertstromanalyse Optimierungspotenziale für das Zutatenlager ermittelt werden, welche folglich die Einführung eines automatisierten Kleinteilelagers als Ergebnis hatte. Mit einer Nutzwertanalyse konnten in Zusammenarbeit mit unterschiedlichen Lagersystemherstellern verschiedene automatische Lagersysteme verglichen und abgegrenzt werden. Als Ergebnis stellte sich das AutoStore System als geeignetes Lagersystem heraus. Durch die Einblicke in alle gängigen automatischen Lagersysteme werden sowohl klare Grenzen der Systeme als auch unterschiedliche Kriterien für die Lagersystembewertung dargestellt. Das AutoStore System der Firma Hatteland bietet demnach die besten Voraussetzungen für eine optimierte Lagerlösung im Zutatenlager der Marc Cain GmbH. Die Voraussetzungen und Vorbereitungen sowie der finanzielle Aspekt der Amortisationszeit, wurden dementsprechend am AutoStore Lagersystem analysiert. Daraus resultieren sowohl einige prozessorientierte als auch technische Anpassungen die für eine Implementierung erforderlich sind.
In today's society tourism plays a far more significant role and acquires more and more people. Particularly Asian destinations have risen in their notoriety. In the past 30 years Vietnam has increasingly become popular as a destination for tourists from all over the world but also especially for European tourists. The aim of this dissertation is to identify the strengths and weaknesses of Vietnam, to determine the risks and to illustrate what future developments are to be expected. The tourist market analysis is to demonstrate which potential Vietnam has for Europeans. The selection of European tourists refers to the English, French and German tourist group, as those are important visitors for Vietnam. Here, their travel behavior is compared in order to achieve a comprehensive overview of European tourists. In addition, the competitive position of Vietnam is compared to the selected countries Cambodia and Thailand by using a strengths-and weaknesses analysis. In the empirical part of the work, 8 interviews were conducted with two travel specialists in the selected countries, which will enhance this work. Both the study as well as the interviews with the experts shows that the travel destination Vietnam has not yet exhausted its potential and that there are further development opportunities for tourism, especially the cultural aspects of the country holds a sustainable development opportunity. Problems prevail at the alarming pollution, especially in the tourist areas, the sustainable development of the country and the weak infrastructure. Furthermore, the future developments of exchange rates in Europe will have a significant impact on the further development of Vietnam. In addition, the government is hoping to increase the number of visitors by the abolition of the visa in several countries in Europe.
This thesis examines the changes in collaboration in medium-sized management consultancies due to the increasing virtuality during COVID-19. For this purpose, collaboration is divided into three categories: Team rituals, team dynamics, and communication. The study aims to develop recommendations for companies to deal with these changes based on the insights gained. These findings were obtained and evaluated by means of ten qualitative interviews with management consultants. The result of this research is that virtual collaboration entails both opportunities and risks and is strongly influenced by those three categories, whereby particularly communication plays a key role on a virtual basis.
This bachelor thesis provides an overview of the tax and business aspects of transfer pricing in multinational corporations.
The aim of the thesis is to answer the following research question: "How does transfer pricing in multinational groups influence company performance and tax burden and what potentials and challenges does it pose for companies? The answer to this question was the subject of a comprehensive literature review and a critical analysis of this literature.
In addition to the conceptual basics, the business and tax types, functionali-ties, methods and other relevant aspects of transfer pricing are presented by way of example. In this context, it was found that there are various potentials and challenges arising from transfer pricing for multinational corporations. This study shows the complexity of the transfer pricing issue as well as its potentials and challenges for companies. In order to exploit the identified potentials and overcome the challenges, multinational corporations should adopt a holistic, responsible and forwardlooking approach to transfer pricing.
Durch eine gesunkene Wertschöpfungstiefe und schlankes Lagern entsteht eine gewisse Abhängigkeit produzierender Unternehmen von ihren Lieferanten. Daraus ergibt sich im Falle einer Engpasssituation ein erhöhtes Risiko für alle Beteiligten. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, die Auswirkungen einer Verknappung am Beispiel der DBK EMS GmbH & Co. KG zu erörtern und Maßnahmen zu entwickeln, die das Unternehmen künftig vor der Problemsituation bewahren oder deren Folgen eindämmen.
Die betrieblichen Auswirkungen eines Versorgungsrisikos werden abteilungsspezifisch analysiert und dargestellt. Hierzu werden verschiedene Kennzahlen, Prozesse und Kalkulationen einem Soll/Ist-Vergleich unterzogen.
Anhand der Ergebnisse werden Maßnahmen konzipiert die eine Verknappung mithilfe eines Tools zur Früherkennung verhindern sollen. Zusätzlich wird ein Leitfaden erstellt der die strukturierte Erarbeitung eines Lösungsplanes beim Eintreten einer Verknappung erleichtern soll.
Die OKR Zielsetzungsmethode wurde von Andy Grove als Weiterentwicklung der Methode „Management by Objectives“ von Peter Drucker entwickelt mit dem Ziel ein System zu schaffen, welches Outputs wertschätzt und hervorhebt. Mit der OKR Methode sollen klare, ambitionierte und transparente Ziele formuliert und erreicht werden.
In dieser Bachelorarbeit soll untersucht werden, ob die OKR Zielsetzungsmethode, wenn sie gezielt eingesetzt wird, als Garantie für Unternehmenserfolg gesehen werden kann. Dafür wird zunächst die OKR Methode genauer betrachtet sowie eine Analyse durchgeführt, um die Faktoren herausarbeiten, welche zu Unternehmenserfolg führen. In einer finalen kritischen Betrachtung sollen dann diese beiden Teile zusammengeführt werden um zu einer abschließenden Beantwortung der Forschungsfrage „Verhilft die OKR Methode einem Unternehmen zu größerem Erfolg?“ zu führen.
Die vorliegende Arbeit hat das Ziel, den Best Practice Austausch im Marketing durch eine dialog-optimierte Plattform zu verbessern. Dazu wurde die definierte Plattform umstrukturiert, um eine gezieltere Nutzung gewährleisten zu können. Außerdem wurde eine Handlungsempfehlung zur Förderung des Austauschs auf lange Sicht abgegeben.
Im theoretischen Abschnitt der Arbeit wurde die Verbindung von Wissensmanagement und Best Practice beleuchtet und ihre Auswirkung auf die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit eines Unternehmens illustriert. Darüber hinaus wurde die Rolle der internen Kommunikation in einer allgemeinen Community of Practices thematisiert. Daraufhin wurden die Funktionen von Web 2.0 erläutert, die in Unternehmen den Austausch von Informationen, Erfahrungen und Wissen unterstützen.
Zur Ermittlung des aktuellen Ist-Zustands von Best Practice Austausch auf einer Plattform, wurden im praktischen Abschnitt dieser Arbeit drei qualitative explorative empirische Forschungsmethoden angewendet: Datenanalyse anhand eines Reportings der aktuell genutzten Plattform, Experteninterview mit Mitarbeitern vom Marketing (aus der Zentrale und international) sowie der technischen Abteilung Business Process und eine Fallstudienanalyse über Austausch auf einer internen Plattform. Die Umstrukturierung und die Handlungsempfehlung basieren auf diesen gewonnenen Daten.
Schlussfolgernd kann behauptet werden, dass eine Plattform den Best Practice Austausch nur unterstützen und nicht antreiben kann, wenn die interne Kommunikationskultur den Austausch und die Zusammenarbeit nicht fördert. Außerdem spielt Wissensmanagement dabei eine wichtige Rolle, damit Mitarbeiter die festgelegte Plattform effizient nutzen können. Anreiz und Belohnungssysteme zum Austausch vervollständigen diese Maßnahmen.
Der Massentourismus in Venedig hat sich in den letzten Jahren immer mehr verschärft. Tausende von Touristen kommen jährlich in die Stadt, um das einzigartige UNESCO-Weltkulturerbe Venedig und seine Lagune zu entdecken. Obwohl dieser Titel die Bekanntheit der Stadt steigert und die wirtschaftliche Lage durch Einnahmen der Touristen profitiert, wachsen die Probleme und die Auswirkungen des Massentourismus in Venedig. Diese Thesis konzentriert sich auf die ökologischen, sozialen und ökonomischen Auswirkungen und deren Herausforderungen. Zwei Interviews unterstreichen jeweils die Sichtweise eines Venezianers und einer AIDA Mitarbeiterin. Im zweiten Schritt folgt die Vorstellung eines Maßnahmenkatalogs. Zu den implementierten Maßnahmen gehören Verbote und Empfehlungen. Die Sensibilisierungskampagne #EnjoyRespectVenezia versucht den Touristen ein nachhaltiges Handeln nahezubringen. Des Weiteren gibt es Vorschläge, die erst noch im Detail ausgearbeitet werden müssen. Dazu gehören die Lösungsansätze der Kreuzfahrtproblematik. Anhand von aktuellen Vorkommnissen der Kreuzfahrtschiffe sieht man die Notwendigkeit einer Lösungsfindung. Zusätzlich will man in baldiger Zukunft ein Eintrittsgeld und die Beschränkung der de Anzahl der Touristen einführen. Die Auswirkungen sind schon so fortgeschritten, dass bei nicht Eingreifen des Vertragsstaats Venedig, die UNESCO mit dem Entzug des Titels Weltkulturerbe droht.
Obwohl es die Volatilität als Anlagemittel schon seit kurz nach der Jahrtausendwende
gibt, so ist diese für viele institutionelle Anleger immer noch ein Mysterium und beinhaltet
viele Ungewissheiten. Ziel der Bachelorarbeit war es, am Markt häufig verwendete
Volatilitätsstrategien auf ihre historische Performance zu untersuchen und diese bei
gegebener Eignung dem bestehenden Investment Portfolio der EnBW Energie BadenWürttemberg AG zuzufügen. Dazu wurden fünf verschiedene Volatilitätsstrategien,
welche durch qualitative Interviews ausfindig gemacht wurden, über mehrere Zeiträume
auf deren Verhalten untersucht. Zu den Beobachtungszeiträumen gehörten sowohl ein
Zeitraum einer ruhigen Marktphase, sowie ein Zeitraum einer Finanzkrise. Durch die
Untersuchungen konnte herausgefunden werden, dass Volatilitätsstrategien die
Merkmale einer eigenen Anlageklasse aufgrund ihres Diversifikationspotenzials erfüllen.
Des Weiteren konnte mit Hilfe der Ergebnisse festgestellt werden, dass mit
Volatilitätsstrategien Renditen im zweistelligen Bereich erzielt werden können, bei einer
geringen Volatilität im einstelligen Prozentbereich. Das zeigt, dass eine Investition in
bestimmte Strategien zur Einnahme der Volatilitätsrisikoprämie rentabel für Investoren
sein können.
Hubert Burda Media ist ein international agierendes Medienunternehmen, das unter anderem in den Segmenten Woman, Luxury Lifestyle, Living und Food aktiv ist. Das Unternehmen befindet sich auf Expansionskurs und ist dabei bestrebt, neben dem Ausbau weiterer Geschäftsfelder (z.B. Digital), sein Wachstumspotenzial durch Internationalisierungsaktivitäten bestehender Zeitschriftentitel in anderen Märkten auszuschöpfen.
Die Koch- und Genusszeitschrift SAVEURS wird vom Burda Verlag Editions Hubert Burda Media in Paris publiziert und wurde bereits in Russland und Deutschland lanciert. Nach der Einführung der Zeitschrift auf anderen Märkten außerhalb des Heimatmarktes, soll das Potential für eine erfolgreiche Einführung auf dem brasilianischen Markt untersucht werden.
Lean Management wird heutzutage von vielen Unternehmen in verschiedensten Sektoren angewendet und entwickelt sich stetig weiter. Doch neben wirtschaftlichen Aspekten gewinnt das Thema Nachhaltigkeit immer mehr an Relevanz. Durch den wachsenden Druck der Gesellschaft und der Regierungen, sind Unternehmen mehr und mehr dazu geneigt, Nachhaltigkeit in das Management zu integrieren. So entstand der Bedarf für Green Management.
In dieser Arbeit wird die Beziehung zwischen Lean Management und Green Management analysiert und überprüft, ob beide Konzepte in einem Unternehmen gleichzeitig angewendet werden können. Dazu werden zunächst die theoretischen Grundlagen der beiden Managementsysteme durch die Analyse verschiedener Fachliteratur erörtert. Anschließend wird auf Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede hinsichtlich ihrer Ursprünge, Fokusse, Prinzipien und Methoden, sowie die Rolle der Führungsebene, Mitarbeiter und Lieferanten untersucht. Des Weiteren werden anhand des Unternehmens BMW besagte Aspekte der beiden Konzepte hinsichtlich ihrer praktischen Vereinbarkeit analysiert. Obwohl Unterschiede in verschiedenen Bereichen festgestellt werden können, zeigt sich, dass BMW die Umsetzung beider Managementsysteme gelingt. Das lässt sich durch die gleiche Gewichtung der Kundenorientierung des Lean Managements und der Umweltorientierung des Green Managements begründen.
Die vorliegende Bachelor-Thesis behandelt die Thematik der Frau als Selbstständige und Unternehmerin. Neben wichtiger, theoretischer Grundlagen, die auf einer Literaturanalyse basieren, befasst sich der praxisorientierte Teil mit der vom BMWi gegründeten Initiative „FRAUEN unternehmen“, die das Bild der Unternehmerin vorantreiben soll. Das Ziel der Arbeit ist es, die Unterschiede zwischen männlichem und weiblichem Unternehmertum darzustellen, sowie den aktuellen Stand und die sich daraus ergebende Zukunftsperspektive der Initiative zu betrachten.
84 Telefoninterviews und ein Workshop mit den Mitgliedern der Initiative machen ein zerrissenes Stimmungsbild, allerdings mit vorhandenem Potential für die Zukunft, deutlich. Auch einige der im theoretischen Teil ausgearbeiteten Unterschiede zum männlichen Unternehmertum, wie beispielsweise Motivation oder Verhalten, konnten durch die Telefongespräche bestätigt werden.
Zusätzlich zu dieser Initiative bedarf es zur nachhaltigen Modernisierung des Unternehmerinnenbildes in Deutschland jedoch weitere, durchschlagende Aktionen.
In dieser Arbeit wird eine Analyse von Bewertungsverfahren durchgeführt. Das Ziel die- ser Untersuchung ist es, jene Bewertungsverfahren zu identifizieren, die für die Bewer- tung der hTRIUS GmbH, einem Start-up, am geeignetsten sind. Diese qualitative Arbeit befasst sich nicht ausschließlich mit dem theoretischen Hintergrund, sondern bezieht die praktische Unternehmensbewertung der hTRIUS GmbH sowie ein Experteninterview mit ein. Die Unternehmensbewertung von Start-ups ist zum einen stark von der Planung und zum anderen von der Unternehmensphase abhängig. Andere Faktoren wie ein Unterneh- mensverkauf spielen bei der Wahl des Bewertungsverfahrens ebenfalls eine große Rolle. Für die hTRIUS GmbH stellt sich das DCF-Verfahren als am geeignetsten heraus, jedoch weisen jegliche Bewertungsverfahren Schwachpunkte auf. Diese bestehen darin, dass Faktoren, die nicht in Form einer finanzwirtschaftlichen Kennzahl zu erfassen sind, bei der Unternehmenswertermittlung exkludiert werden. Demzufolge muss in der Zukunft eine Lösung gefunden werden, diese Werte ebenfalls in die Bewertung aufzunehmen.
Mit dem Ausbruch der Pandemie und den damit verbundenen Schutzmaßnahmen gewann die Thematik "Verdienstausfallentschädigung" nach § 56 Abs. 1 IfSG für Unternehmen zunehmend an Bedeutung. Nach dem Infektionsschutzgesetz haben Menschen einen Anspruch auf Entschädigung, wenn sie aufgrund von Maßnahmen zum Schutz der Bevölkerung ihre Tätigkeit nicht ausüben können. Der Arbeitgeber ist dann
dazu verpflichtet, dem Arbeitnehmer eine Entschädigung für den Verdienstausfall in
Höhe des Bruttoeinkommens für bis zu sechs Wochen zu zahlen. Das Unternehmen
muss die entstandenen Aufwendungen jedoch nicht selbst tragen, sondern kann sie
von den staatlichen Institutionen, die die Absonderung oder das Tätigkeitsverbot angeordnet haben, zurückfordern. Dazu muss gemäß § 56 Abs. 1 IfSG ein Antrag auf
Entschädigung für Verdienstausfall bei den zuständigen staatlichen Institutionen gestellt werden. Dies stellt die Unternehmen vor verschiedene Herausforderungen. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, herauszufinden, welche Faktoren eine Herausforderung darstellen, um effektiver mit staatlichen Institutionen zusammenarbeiten zu können.
Die Arbeit beschäftigt sich daher mit der folgenden Forschungsfrage: Welche Faktorenstellen Unternehmen vor Herausforderungen bei der Antragstellung auf "Verdienstausfallentschädigung" nach § 56 Abs. 1 IfSG, um effektiver mit staatlichen Institutionen zusammenzuarbeiten? Während der Arbeit ergeben sich noch weitere Unterfragen,die zur Unterstützung dienen, die Forschungsfrage so präzise wie möglich beantworten zu können. Um die Forschungsfrage zu beantworten, wurde eine qualitative Studie durchgeführt. Zu diesem Zweck wurden mehrere Experteninterviews mit einem Unternehmen und staatlichen Institutionen geführt. Der Fokus lag dabei insbesondere auf den Anforderungen, Voraussetzungen, Regelungen, Unterschieden in den Bundesländern und auch Veränderungen im Antragsverfahren im Zusammenhang mit der Pandemie. Die qualitative Studie ergab, dass folgende Faktoren eine Herausforderung für Unternehmen bei der Antragstellung darstellten, um effektiver mit staatlichen Institutionen zusammenzuarbeiten: die sich während der Pandemie ständig ändernde Rechtslage, welche sich auch auf das Antragsverfahren auswirkte, die Mitarbeiterkapazitäten, die Informationsbeschaffung, die Abhängigkeit von Dritten bei den für die Antragstellung zwingend erforderlichen Unterlagen und schließlich die unterschiedlichen Verfahren und Regelungen in den einzelnen Bundesländern im Zusammenhang mit der Antragstellung auf " Verdienstausfallentschädigung" nach § 56 Abs. 1 IfSG.
Heart leadership is a leadership style which focuses on finding purpose and
passion in one’s life and job. The generation Y (Millennials), as a rather
technophile generation entered companies around of the turn of the
millennium. On the one hand, nowadays generation Z with new values, ideas
and requests to their work environment enters companies, and on the other
hand companies need to be attractive for skilled personnel. The heart
leadership concept addresses these requirements. This concept refers to the
ability to use one’s awareness and heart energy to create a culture focused on
exceptional relations, trust, care, spirituality, compassion, positivity, and
development.
The aim of this thesis is to answer the question of how heart leadership impacts
a business in the long run. To answer the research question “How can doing
things in a heart way impact the future of modern businesses?”, a literature
review was conducted.
The beginning of this work provides an explanation of what leadership means,
followed by explaining different leadership styles based on the Full Range of
Leadership Model with a concrete explanation of transformational leadership.
By defining the context of heart leadership with the meaning of the heart, what
aspects this kind of leadership includes, and the definition of human potential,
eleven heart factors that influence a business were derived through repeated
and overlapping attributes which a heart-led leader should have. These factors
show that heart leadership has a positive long-term impact on several areas of
a business, including the increase of overall work performance, mental health,
commitment, engagement, employee retention, resilience, profit and more.
The outcome of this thesis recommends integrating heart leadership in actual
leadership principles in companies. Heart leadership is an extension of
transformational leadership that meets the needs of a new generation,
positively changes the work environment, and enables employees’ full potential
in order to survive as a company in a competitive market and the race for
qualified employees.
Despite the growing interest of the media, businesses and consumers in recent years, cryptocurrencies have not reached widespread adoption to date. Research on the factors that induce consumers to use this new technology or that prevent them from using it is scarce. Therefore, this thesis aims at identifying factors that influence consumer adoption of cryptocurrencies. First, a research model based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) was developed and extended by the factors perceived risk and perceived trust. Then, primary data was collected by conducting a survey on consumers’ perception of cryptocurrencies. The hypotheses were tested through a multiple regression analysis and perceived usefulness was found to have the strongest impact on consumers’ intention to use cryptocurrencies, followed by perceived trust. Furthermore, gender has proven to have an effect on the intention to use cryptocurrencies, with male consumers being more likely to use cryptocurrencies.
In the wake of the financial crisis of 2007, the largest economies of our times struggled hard with adverse economic shocks. Several central banks (CBs) employed their conventional monetary policy tools to their limits and beyond. When failing in their attempt, unconventional monetary policies got gradually introduced in order to stimulate the overall economy, to alleviate market dysfunctions and to reduce liquidity shortages. Building on diverse research conducted by international researchers and data provided by international economic institutions, this paper gives a comprehensive overview of different types of unconventional monetary policy tools that were, and still are, broadly employed. The concept of Quantitative Easing (QE) with its opportunities and risks will be elaborated, as well as appropriate exit strategies from these unconventional monetary policy measures. Putting a special focus on the QE programs run by the Bank of Japan, the Bank of England and the European Central Bank, the successes and failures of real-world examples of unconventional monetary policies will be analyzed in detail. In order to evaluate the usefulness of QE, a comparison of theoretical and real-world results will be conducted. The paper finds that even though QE had a broad range of positive effects on selected economic aspects, the risks of both over-indebtedness and a too strong dependence of economies on highly accommodative monetary policies prevail. Before considering an exit from QE – if still possible at all – many years of further monetary easing and economic stimulus will pass. The raison d’être of unconventional monetary policies, mainly QE, over an extent period of time is doubtful and will have to be closely monitored in the years to come.
Die vorliegende Bachelorthesis behandelt das Öko-Controlling-Instrument Umweltkostenrechnung. Der Schwerpunkt der Arbeit liegt auf der Materialflusskostenrechnung, welche in der Literatur das größte Potenzial zugeschrieben bekommt. Im Kampf gegen den Klimawandelt bekommt Ressourceneffizienz eine steigende Bedeutung. Unternehmen stehen in der Verantwortung, ihren Betrieb umweltfreundlicher zu gestalten. Die Materialflusskostenrechnung baut auf dem Ansatz der Ressourceneffizienz auf. Im ersten Teil der Arbeit werden die theoretischen Grundlagen des Umweltmanagements und Öko-Controllings ausgearbeitet und die Relevanz in der Praxis dargestellt. Darauffolgend werden die Ansätze der Umweltkostenrechnungen beleuchtet. Eine genauere Betrachtung erhält die Umweltschutzkostenrechnung. Der zweite Teil beschreibt die Theorie der Materialflusskostenrechnung im Detail. Im dritten Teil werden die Effekte der Materialflusskostenrechnung anhand eines Anwendungsbeispiels dargestellt. Darauffolgend werden konkrete Praxisbeispiele vorgestellt und mit ausgewählten Studien der gegenwärtige Stand der Methode dargelegt. Anschließend werden die Stärken und Schwächen erörtert und die Potenziale für Entwicklungen aufgezeigt. Die Arbeit zeigt, dass die Materialflusskostenrechnung die Transparenz der Produktionsprozesse erhöhen und damit Ressourcen- und Kosteneinsparungspotenziale aufdecken kann. Hohe Einsparungspotenziale liegen bei kleinen und mittelständigen Betrieben mit komplexen Produktionsprozessen. Es stellt sich heraus, dass die Methode nur schwach verbreitet ist und vorwiegend aus finanziellen Gründen angewendet wird. Um die ökologische Perspektive in den Fokus zu rücken, wurden Ansätze zur Erweiterung auf die Lieferkette und mit der Ökobilanzierung entwickelt.
Die vorliegende Thesis zeigt auf, wie sich die deutsche Kurier-, Express- und Paketbranche (KEP) unter dem Einfluss des bis in die heutige Zeit stark wachsenden E-Commerce verändert hat. Die Entwicklung dieser Branche erstreckt sich vom Brief- und Paketmonopol der Deutschen Bundespost bis hin zur Privatisierung der Deutschen Post AG. Parallel dazu veränderte sich auch die Wirtschaft im Laufe der 90er Jahre durch neue Entwicklungen in der IT-Branche. Seit der letzten Jahrhundertwende hat das Vertriebsmedium Internet kontinuierlich an Relevanz gewonnen, revolutionierte den Warenhandel und digitalisierte viele Branchen des heutigen Einzelhandels.
Besondere Auswirkungen hatte der Aufstieg des Internets auf die KEP-Branche. Infolge der Implementierung von Onlineshops und des Rückgangs des lokalen Einzelhandels, stieg das Paketvolumen im letzten Jahrzehnt aufgrund des damit veränderten Kaufverhaltens und der Digitalisierung des gesamten Warenhandels mit weiterhin wachsender Tendenz deutlich an. Im Laufe dieser Thesis soll daher sowohl die heutige KEP-Branche im Rahmen einer Umwelt- und Wettbewerbsanalyse näher untersucht und analysiert werden als auch der Faktor E-Commerce genauer unter die Lupe genommen werden, um die maßgeblichen Entwicklungen und Innovationen aufzuzeigen. Nach einer kurzen Vorstellung der angewandten Analysewerkzeuge werden die Entwicklungen innerhalb der Branche näher betrachtet. Anschließend erfolgt die Umweltanalyse unter Anwendung von Michael Porters Fünf-Kräfte-Modell und einer PESTLE Analyse sowie die Wettbewerbsanalyse, die sich einer Benchmark Analyse bedient. Eine SWOT Analyse soll die Stärken und Schwächen sowie die Chancen und Risiken der KEP-Branche identifizieren. Abschließend soll eine Prognose Aufschluss über die voraussichtlichen Entwicklungen der Branche, die von vielen externen und internen Faktoren bestimmt wird, sowie des ECommerce geben. Vor allem der große Preisdruck und der Bedarf nach kundenfreundlichen Innovationen sorgt für eine hohe Rivalität innerhalb der Branche. Das E-Commerce agiert dabei als maßgeblicher Wachstumsmotor, der die Branche vor allem durch den enormen Zuwachs im Privatkundenbereich (B2C) weiter antreibt.
Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die Beantwortung der Frage, ob das Gesetz über unternehmerische Sorgfaltspflichten in der Lieferkette (LkSG) in der deutschen Automobilindustrie am Beispiel der Mercedes-Benz Group AG umgesetzt werden kann. Dabei werden die folgenden Forschungsfragen gestellt: Welche Risiken für deutsche Automobilunternehmen sind mit den gesetzlichen Vorgaben des LkSG verbunden?Wie kann eine nachhaltige Lieferkette im Sinne der Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) etabliert und umgesetzt werden? Welche Auswirkungen hat das Lieferkettengesetz auf die Lieferketten deutscher Automobilunternehmen und insbesondere auf die der Mercedes-Benz Group AG?Zur Beantwortung der Forschungsfragen wurde eine quantitative Studie zur Umsetzbarkeit des Lieferkettengesetzes auf Basis der deutschsprachigen Bevölkerung durchgeführt. Des Weiteren wurde im Rahmen der qualitativen Forschung eine Befragung durchgeführt. Die quantitative Studie hat gezeigt, dass Nachhaltigkeit im Zusammenhang mit Menschenrechten und Umweltstandards eine wichtige Rolle spielt. Die Befragten sprachen sich für mehr Nachhaltigkeit im Zusammenhang mit den Menschenrechten aus. Vor allem mehr Transparenz entlang der Wertschöpfungskette würde durch die Gesetzgebung und den Druck der Verbraucher erreicht werden. Die Befragung ergab, dass die einzige Möglichkeit, rentabel zu sein, darin besteht, die Umwelt zu schützen. Außerdem würden sich die Unternehmen jetzt mehr mit Fragen der Lieferkette befassen. Die Hauptrisiken liegen im Finanzsektor und in der Reputation; das Gesetz über die Lieferkette birgt einige Menschenrechts- und Umweltrisiken. Die Lieferkette scheint zu komplex zu sein. Daraus ergeben sich Risiken wie Kontrollverlust, mangelnde Transparenz und fehlende Informationen über Entscheidungen. Die Unternehmen müssen jedoch die Bestimmungen des Lieferkettengesetzes einhalten, das sie zu einem angemessenen Risikomanagement mit Analyse verpflichtet. Zu diesem Zweck wurden in den Unternehmen bereits einige Compliance-Lösungen eingeführt, wie z. B. Lieferanten-Screenings und CSR-Audits. Das Lieferkettengesetz wirkt sich positiv auf den Ruf der Automobilunternehmen aus und verringert die Risiken entlang der Lieferkette. Die Unternehmen profitieren von weniger Lieferausfällen, mehr Transparenz und widerstandsfähigeren Lieferketten.
Regelungen zu Zeitpunkt und Höhe der Umsatzrealisierung haben wesentlichen Einfluss auf die Beurteilung der Leistungsfähigkeit eines Unternehmens. Für eine gesellschafts- und länderübergreifende Beurteilung, bedarf es international vergleichbarer und einheitlicher Bilanzierungsvorschriften. Ab dem 01. Januar 2018 werden die derzeit gelten internationalen Rechnungslegungsvorschriften zur Umsatzrealisierung durch den IFRS 15 ersetzt. Diese Bachelorthesis befasst sich mit den Neuerungen des IFRS 15 und deren bilanziellen Auswirkungen am Beispiel des Herrenknecht Konzerns. Ziel der Arbeit ist die Sicherstellung einer standardkonformen bilanziellen Abbildung nach IFRS 15. Zunächst werden auf Basis einer Literaturrecherche die relevanten theoretischen Grundlagen dargelegt und im Weiteren auf das Geschäftsmodell von Herrenknecht angewandt.
Im Herrenknecht Konzern bilanzierte Fertigungsaufträge nach IFRS werden mittels eines standardisierten Arbeitsblattes auf HGB übergeleitet. Um dies auch weiterhin zu ermöglichen, wird dieses Arbeitsblatt den Neuerungen entsprechend angepasst und in seiner Struktur optimiert. Im Rahmen der Arbeit wird deutlich, dass nicht eindeutig bestimmt werden kann, ob der neue Standard auf die Bilanzierung von Rückkaufvereinbarungen anzuwenden ist. Um die Regelungslücke zu schließen, wird ein Verfahren erarbeitet, das abhängig von den jeweiligen Randbedingungen die bilanzielle Abbildung einer Leistungsverpflichtung eindeutig festlegt.
Im Rahmen dieser Bachelorarbeit wird untersucht, ob kulturelle Faktoren einen Einfluss auf das Verhältnis zwischen in Deutschland lebenden türkischstämmigen Anwälten und Mandanten haben. Hierzu wird die ethnische Identität von Deutsch-Türken im Zusammenhang mit Generationsunterschieden untersucht. Zudem werden Akkulturationsmodelle, Kommunikationstheorien sowie Ziele und Möglichkeiten des ethnischen Marketings definiert.
Durch Anwendung qualitativer und quantitativer Forschungsmethoden werden jeweils aus Anwalts- und Mandantensicht die ethnische Identität sowie die für die Präferenz eines türkischstämmigen Anwalts relevanten Faktoren einzelner Einwanderergenerationen ermittelt.
Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Anwalts-Mandanten-Beziehung stark von kulturellen Aspekten beeinflusst wird und dass Änderungen im anwaltlichen Ethno-Marketing notwendig sind, da diese nicht von türkischstämmigen Mandanten wahrgenommen werden.
Die vorliegende Arbeit dient der Beurteilung einer virtuellen Substitutionsmesse hinsichtlich deren Erfolgspotenzial und den Stärken und Schwächen gegenüber physischen Messen. Dabei gibt die Literaturrecherche allgemeine Blickpunkte wieder, die Bezug nehmend auf die Reitsportbranche im praktischen Teil vertieft werden. Eine Analyse des Messewesens und der Reitsportbranche geben vorweg einen Einstieg in die Thematik. Aspekte der Flexibilität, der Wirtschaftlichkeit, des Messe-Erlebnisses und der Multisensorik sowie der Kommunikation und Technik werden zur theoretischen Betrachtung herangezogen und bilden die Grundlage für die Einschätzung der virtuellen Messe. Im Rahmen einer zusammenfassenden SWOT-Analyse können Stärken innerhalb der flexiblen Zeitgestaltung und der technischen Funktionen festgestellt werden. Zusätzlich werden Schwächen innerhalb der Kommunikation und der Erzeugung eines multisensorischen Messererlebnisses erkannt.
Das praktische Beispiel anhand der Pferdemesse „Online Horse Fair International“ unterstreicht die Stärken und Schwächen und resultiert in konkreten Empfehlungen zur Weiterentwicklung einer virtuellen Publikumsmesse im Rahmen der Pferdebranche. Anhand einer Teilnehmer Zufriedenheitsumfrage kann ein besonderer Fokus der Informationsfunktion der Messe festgestellt werden, während das Einkaufen in den Hintergrund rückt. Folglich kann sich die virtuelle Messe durch Schaffung eines Ortes des Erfahrungs- und Wissensaustausch von der physischen Messe abheben. Allgemein gilt es daher nicht die bestmögliche Annäherung an eine reale Messe zu kreieren, sondern ein aus den Stärken abgeleitetes Alleinstellungsmerkmal hervorzubringen.
Economic growth in China is slowing down and China will no longer be the manufacturer of the world and consumers become more sophisticated. Therefore Chinese companies have to change strategies. This thesis aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the reasons for Chinese companies transitioning from equipment manufacturers to brand manufacturers, the phase of innovation in China, the internationalization of Chinese brands and accordingly the consumer behaviour. The change is fast and challenging and the Chinese companies have to overcome obstacles like culture, innovation and the country of origin effect. Chinese government is promoting innovation. The quality of Research & Development output lacks behind quantity and is often limited to technology improvements rather than basic research. Government is also pushing companies to go abroad. The biggest obstacle for Chinese consumer brands expanding internationally is the country of origin effect. To compete internationally and to be successful in the long run, Chinese companies have to deliver high product quality and use effective branding. After entering the market with low price products to gain market share, Chinese brands increase product quality and promote the consumer brand. By analyzing the smartphone market, this thesis evaluates the progress and sustainability of changing from low cost to high end manufacturing and branding.
Due to a low birth rate and rising longevity, Europe’s inhabitants are steadily getting older on average. In addition, the rising development of digitized workplaces and the resulting demands on employees’ competencies are urging businesses to reconsider the provision of equal training opportunities for all of their human capital, regardless of the employees’ biological age. It is often negative age-related stereotypes and overly generic training design in companies that hamper the learning success and thus the work performance of older professionals.
Through a combination of third-party case studies and semi-structured qualitative interviews conducted by the author, this paper aims to provide a more holistic, cross-industry, and multinational guide for firms to fully tap the potential of older professionals through the most effective training strategies.
In short, regular professional development reviews and mentoring opportunities can prove to be one of the most cost-effective and efficient training strategies for organizations. To achieve such an optimized learning outcome, managers should also cultivate a work environment conducive to learning and adjust the training design to their older workers' learning needs and preferences. Only then can managers be reassured that the invaluable tacit knowledge of the latter cohort is more apt to remain within the company and contribute to further innovation.
The purpose of this paper is a conceptualization of the identification and motivational methods for top distributors in the Chinese market for frequency converters. An examination of the market size, participants and segments is provided. Further the benefits for the manufacturer and distributor that occurring from a partnership are elaborated on and the term top distributor is defined.
Based on marketing channel literature a conclusive multidimensional model for the top distributor selection has been developed. The basic dimensions for distributor selection were determined as Sales/Market, Product/Service and Risk/Uncertainty factors. Those dimensions are supplemented by the China specific factors Guanxi and Human Capital. With special focus been given on the aspects that businesses might encounter when operating in China the reginal factors in distributor evaluation are also being discussed.
IN order to determine the value of different rewards two surveys were conducted. For the identification of the most valuable motivators a rewards portfolio was developed and applied on the data gathered in this surveys. The rewards portfolio was based on the portfolio analysis first developed by the Boston Consulting Group. The rewards determined as most valuable from both the manufacturers and distributor sides were “additional marketing and customer acquisition support”, “extended payment terms” and “market intelligence from manufacturer”. An explanation for the importance of those rewards is additionally provided.
Sustainable product offerings in food retailing have been increasing in the last years, making their way from specialized stores to mainstream food retail stores. It is the case of Germany in which sustainable food products are found in many retailing channels, even discounters. Many pieces of research have been focusing on the bio- and fair-trade labels effect on consumers' behavior, and increased interest has been put in the effect it has regarding WTP towards food products. These studies tend to conclude in a higher WTP towards sustainable labeled food products. However, the studies focus only on the valuation of the product qualities and leave the retailer format aside, which is the location where the product and the labels are being displayed and evaluated by the customer. This research will focus on assessing if the retailer format influences consumers WTP towards bio and fair-trade labels in the German food retail market. In total, 400 randomly selected participants answered one of four surveys regarding WTP towards food products in different retailer formats. Two retailer formats are considered discounters and supermarkets. This research analyses if the labels are performing adequately throughout all food retailing formats in order to provide valuable information for the future of sustainable consumption and regulation. In the end, we cannot conclude a statistically significant difference through the analysis of variance of the means of the label performance in both retailer formats.
This thesis deals with the determination of decision criteria for the development of a fixed-floating mix for non-financial firms and applies them to the example of Heineken.
Existing literature fails to offer a clear guidance on how to approach the fixed-floating decision. Managerial incentives, leverage, the availability of natural hedges, firm liquidity and the shape of the yield curve are frequently mentioned as factors influencing the fixed-floating mix of non-financial firms. I analyse a theoretical approach to constructing the fixed-floating mix and depict the difficulties that such a model based on historical data has in the current interest rate environment.
Conducting a peer group analysis, I study the trends in interest rate risk management in the brewery and alcoholic beverages industry. A clear tendency of the firms in the sample to maintain a high percentage of debt with fixed interest rates is visible. Furthermore, I analyse the risk-return trade-off and conclude that the importance of the fixed-floating split decision for the individual firm depends mainly on leverage and the firm’s capability to absorb volatility in interest expenses, measured by interest coverage.
Additionally, I determine leverage, the level of interest rates, the shape of the yield curve and the comparison to a core peer group as decision criteria Heineken should apply when reconsidering its fixed-floating mix in place. The analysis of these criteria leads to the conclusion that the current interest rate environment, financial metrics of Heineken and the comparison to a core peer group justify having a high percentage of debt with fixed interest rates and can even trigger Heineken to further increase the fixed portion of its debt.
It is generally recognized that emotions aroused in individuals through marketing communications have an influence on their buying decisions in the B2C context. However, it is often disregarded that individuals are also decision-makers in organizations. Therefore, in the B2B context, emotional stimuli in marketing communications may influence their organizational buying decisions as well. In this paper, we examine the extent to which marketers in the mechanical engineering industry can influence their customers by positive emotional stimuli. Practical recommendations are given for the marketing communication of the newly launched production line CUBE by ZAHORANSKY AG, one of the worldwide leading organizations in the industry for brushmaking machinery.
The aim of this paper is to explore factors driving and affecting motivation of workers for participating in Crowdsourcing platforms and propose adequate incentive mechanisms. A general definition what mainly motivates crowd workers, poses a difficult task, as it depends on a diversity of opportunities and challenges, which entail Crowdsourcing systems. Although they represent a common notion for the majority of crowd workers, these opportunities and challenges do not have the same effect on their motivation, as crowd workers are in different situations and differ in their influenceability. Thus, creating incentive mechanisms for such a heterogeneous pool of people with different backgrounds, holding different reasons and motivations concerning their participation at Crowdsourcing platforms represents a major challenge. In any case, incentives should meet the needs of the increasing number of remote workers in order to motivate them participating in Crowdsourcing platforms and contribute with quality work. This in return will ensure the sustainability of the Crowdsourcing system.
The present bachelor dissertation deals with the increasing popularity and attractiveness of fitness studios in the German market, the resulting competition and the possibility to differentiate oneself by adapting various marketing measures. The classical marketing mix and its existing instruments are explained in detail, and the possibility to use them in the area of sport and explicit fitness is reviewed. The effectiveness and application of the instruments are then explained using the example of McFIT, which has become the current market leader through their successful use. A competition analysis comparing McFIT and two competitors in the German market helps to identify existing strengths and weaknesses and compare the companies.
SPACs are an alternative way for companies to access the capital market. They have experienced a boom since 2020, and in the following year 613 SPACs raised more than $160 billion in the US. However, SPACs are controversial and have been criticized for bad performance and incentive misalignments. This bachelor thesis aims to examine whether the current US SPAC boom is a temporary phenomenon or whether SPACs represent a long-term alternative to the traditional IPO process. To answer this research question, a literature review and 14 semi-structured expert interviews were conducted to explore the reasons for the boom, the advantages and disadvantages for companies seeking to go public, and the winner and losers of the SPAC process. This work shows that SPACs had already gained acceptance in the market before the boom, and it argues that SPACs are a viable alternative to the traditional IPO process for young, risky companies due to the regulatory advantages and the support of SPAC sponsors. In addition, the majority of key SPAC stakeholders are winning in the SPAC process and are likely to continue to support the market in the future. At the same time, this paper finds that the Corona pandemic was an important catalyst for the SPAC market, but that the associated reasons for the boom will probably recede. Moreover, PIPE investors will be more selective in the future and sponsors without appropriate expertise and network will have to liquidate their SPACs more often. This bachelor thesis therefore concludes that SPACs will continue to exist. However, there will be fewer and higher quality SPACs in the future.
The Revive Turbo Cleaner is a cleaning fluid which removes carbon deposits from inside petrol or diesel engine systems. It is distributed internationally through wholesalers and sales agents to workshops and private car owners. After the acquisition of Revive Automotive Solutions Ltd by Bartec Auto ID Ltd in summer 2016, the new owners decided to further develop the brand and to move into the promising German automotive aftermarket, as the Cleaner had shown good sales figures in the home market UK and in a number of international markets. This paper examines environmental factors influencing the German marketplace, analyses Revive’s actual customer segments including consumers and business clients, provides profiles of its competitors and substituting technologies, regards the characteristics of the specific industry and defines the product’s qualities in order to draw a conclusion on the appropriate Marketing Mix to employ for the German market. In advance to the analytical work, the paper critically considers the range of theoretical frameworks used for the analysis, namely PESTEL, Porter’s Five Forces Analysis, the SWOT Analysis and the Marketing Mix in order to define and update original concepts as wells as adapt them to the research requirements.
While the global economy is suffering from the consequences of COVID-19, China has managed to tackle the crisis and was able to restart the national economy within a few months. The objective of this study is to identify how the German industry in China was able to restart after the impact of the COVID-19 crisis. The conducted research is based on two underlying research questions: “How did the German industry in China overcome the COVID-19 crisis?” and “which future trends are emerging in German companies because of the COVID-19 crisis?”. To answer these questions, qualitative expert interviews with representatives of the German industry in China were conducted. As experts for their respective company, the interviewees were able to provide firsthand experience for this research. More specifically, they were questioned about the measures that were taken to combat the epidemic, their impact on the economy and potential trends that may emerge as a result of the crisis. The interviews showed that the Chinese government and German companies both implemented effective measures to fight the economic impact of the epidemic. Furthermore, the study was able to identify future trends that stem from the concepts that were developed to overcome the crisis. The COVID-19 outbreak was a catalyst for these trends. The risk-based containment approach of the Chinese government in combination with the measures taken within the companies, such as the immediate establishment of task forces and the implementation of alternate working models, was a successful strategy to overcome the COVID-19 crisis. Recognizing the trends that emerged from the crisis and acting accordingly will be essential for German companies.
Promotional offers play a significant role in order to obtain and retain new and existing customers. There are already many researches comparing the performance and effectiveness of sales strategies during the promotional period. Results reveal that the framing of the saving message influences consumers’ perception of the price which in turn leads to an uncommon purchase decision. Even though the offers are mostly economically equivalent, people have preferences depending on the pricing practice. Data from previous researches shows that in many cases bonus packs are generally more preferred than a discount. Most commonly applied in-store strategies in Germany are price discount and buy one get one free. Will the value perception for BOGOF still be higher than price discount after the promotion expires? This study will specifically focus on BOGOF and price discount in the consumer nondurable goods industry. A total of 450 randomly selected people participated in the A/B survey. The A survey focusses on questions relating to price discount whereas the B survey includes questions regarding BOGOF. In both surveys, the promotion is no longer valid. The survey data reveals that the willingness to pay for consumer nondurable goods during the post-promotion phase is higher when promoting with BOGOF rather than with price discount. This research has the potential to form a crucial answer for academics and marketers in the consumer nondurable goods industry as it provides insight of the long-term influence of promotion on consumer psychology.
How value is perceived has a large influence on the purchase decisions of customers. Previous studies have focused mainly on the value perception of customers, but which role does the value perception of a seller play and what impact does it have on a sales conversation? Is the value of a product or service perceived equally by the seller and the customer or is there a significant difference?
In this research we will specifically focus on the tourism industry and find out how sellers and customers perceive the value of a package holiday. A total of 50 sellers and 100 customers participated in our survey and the results show, that there is a significant difference in the perceived value of the offered package holiday between sellers and customers. The sellers tend to perceive value lower than the customers and in addition, the sellers’ value perception is characterized by a lower variability. Furthermore, when it comes to estimating how the other side perceives value, our results show the opposite of what the respondents expected.
This research has the potential to provide an insight into the mind of the sales person and lead to a better understanding of sales psychology.
A growing population, climate change, animal welfare and health concerns are issues with increasing relevance. They draw attention to new technologies that focus on more sustainable and healthier solutions. This thesis analyses the market of meat substitutes with the aim of getting a deeper understanding of the market drivers, what contributes to consumer acceptance and a successful market positioning. The focus lies on the factors that make meat substitutes successful alternatives in Germany.
The research includes previous literature, expert interviews and a marketing mix analysis. The secondary literature is used to introduce the topic, to analyse the market drivers and to gain insights into consumer food choice behaviour, whereas the expert interviews focus on market assessment and effective company positioning. The marketing-mix analysis is conducted on the basis of purchased meat substitute products which are compared to regular meat products. The researcher included a place analysis that takes the entire German market into account, as well as a promotional analysis that highlights effective marketing strategies.
Based on the findings of the thesis, it can be concluded that animal welfare, sustainability and health trends are major drivers of meat substitutes. The market is expanding and has great future potential. However, large scale consumer acceptance is highly dependent on the preferred sensory properties such as authentic taste and texture, as well as a product variety that meets German consumer preferences. All in all, the promotion of meat replacement products should focus on a combination of benefits that include both functional and emotional aspects.
The video game industry has come a long way from its humble beginnings in a computer lab at the Brookhaven National Laboratory’s instrumentation group to a multi billion-dollar industry. Considering that the gaming industry is a relatively young industry, it has faced a substantial amount of structural changes and shifts that were intensified by mega trends (i.e. Digitalization) that influence every industry in a certain way. One of these structural changes was the emergence of smaller studios, also known as “indie studios”. Even though these studios have always been a part of the industry, they themselves and their games respectively have gained a lot of appreciation and support over the last decade. Some of these titles even managed to upset those of the big and established studios, also referred to as AAA studios. The most dominant factors that allowed for the emergence and the success of smaller studios were the drastically reduced entry barriers (i.e. free development kits, online distribution websites) and the supportive environment offered to them (e.g. university programs, incubators). Yet, some studios manage to generate better results with their games than other studios do and therefore remained capable of competing in the industry. This circumstance inspired this thesis to identify the KSFs (i.e. Key Success Factors), also referred to as CSFs (i.e. Critical Success Factors) that allow for a successful launch of the game. Generally speaking, KSFs are those business areas and activities that, if executed in a proper way, enable a company to compete successfully in a given market. Since their introduction in 1961 by D. Ronald Daniel, a consultant with McKinsey & Company, the KSFs have been the subject of many studies and academic research papers. A majority of the research tends to focus on applying the KSF methods to more established industries (i.e. healthcare, construction). In addition to that most of the research conducted within the field of KSFs tends to gravitate around identifying and forecasting the KSFs that might be of interest for a given time period instead of focusing on a dedicated event such as the launch of a product. This thesis therefore provides the first comprehensive research on the KSFs in the context of the gaming industry, with special regard to the smaller studios (i.e. indie studios) and the launch period of a game.
First and foremost, this study aims to identify the KSFs that are of great importance to the successful launch of a given game. Furthermore, it tries to research how these KSFs are identified and implemented by the studios. Additionally, it will be researched if the studios are using the traditional model outlined by Howell, M. (2010) or if they rely on other methodologies to identify and implement the relevant KSFs for a successful launch. Lastly, it will be analysed, how smaller (i.e. indie studios) determine whether or not a game was a success and what metrics they use for this evaluation.
The study relied on secondary data provided by scientific journals, books, conference papers from the fields of busines, project management, strategic management and gaming. Since the available scientific literature for this specific research topic was considerably scarce, a lot of the needed content and references used in this thesis were acquired through practical research.
The research followed a hybrid approach, indicating that quantitative as well as qualitative research methods were applied. The qualitative research was conducted in the form of interviews with six industry experts that all had contributed in their way to successful game launches in the past. They were thoroughly researched and evaluated before being contacted in order to ensure their ability to contribute to answering the research question. The data and inputs gathered from the qualitative research were used throughout the theoretical part of the thesis in order to compensate for the continous lack of academic resources and to support the claims made by the author. Furthermore, the data was used to create the survey (i.e. quantitative research) that would be distributed among 409 potential participants. Similar to the quantitative research, these participants were also thoroughly researched and evaluated in order to ensure the legitimacy of the results.
Findings suggest that smaller studios (i.e. indie studios) are not familiar with the traditional model proposed by Howell(2010), which tends to be employed larger corporations in rather established industries. Yet they are familiar with the concept of KSFs and determine as well as implement them through agile project management, which has its origins in the software development industry. This way studios are able to adjust and adapt their KSFs at a faster pace, which is essential due to dynamic environment they operate in. The results indicate that a majority of the participating studios use the Scrum development method in order to determine and implement the required KSFs for developing and launching their games. A significant number of studios rely on dedicated agile project management software programs that aid the companies throughout the project lifecycle. The most popular programs being Trello and Jira. The qualitative research identified a total of 22 potential KSFs that are deemed to be important for the successful launch of a game. The most crucial KSFs were considered to be the following:
- Team chemistry & intrinsic motivation & internal communication
- Budgeting & scheduling & scoping
- Selecting distribution channel & front-page promotion
- Presentation of game on websites & USP
- Active community on social networks & strong customer support & transparency
The results indicate that the traditional one dimensional metrics (i.e. sales level) of evaluating the success of a game launch might no longer have the highest weight in the opinion of studios. The success tends to be determined by a set of one-dimensional metrics, which are quantifiable (e.g. sales levels, positive reviews) and multi-dimensional metrics which are not quantifiable (e.g. learning experience, fulfilment).
Summing up, there might not be such a thing as a “magic formular” that will ensure the success of a game launch. Yet, the research aims to provide suggestions based on the findings from practical research that could be of usage to studios when launching their next game.
Given the increasing diversity in today’s business environment and workforce, having the right skills and abilities to manage intercultural interactions become increasingly important. Universities and business schools try to equip their students with the right capabilities by sending them abroad for a study semester or internship.
Within this thesis, the multidimensional construct of Cultural Intelligence, which is defined as being effective in intercultural interactions will be introduced and how students’ international experiences are influencing it.
Using quantitative data from a self-conducted survey which includes the widely used and validated Cultural Intelligence Scale is going to demonstrate if both a study semester and an internship abroad influence Cultural Intelligence more than just one kind of international student experience. The study also tries to find out if previous international experience and Cultural Distance have a significant impact on Cultural Intelligence.
The results indicate that both kinds of international student experiences are not enhancing Cultural Intelligence more than just one type of student experience abroad. There is also no significant influence to be found from prior international experience and Cultural Distance. Although the survey results are not going to provide significant findings, internal and external factors which are enhancing this intelligence are going to be identified theoretically, as well as the positive effects of Cultural Intelligence on the business environment.
Social media is important to the private lives of people. Marketers can use this to sell their products and create a competitive advantage. This study’s research questions were formulated in order to examine this topic more closely. The aim of this thesis is to provide a theoretical background on social media and the influence of purchase decisions, as well as empirical evidence. Secondary data from various journals and articles was used to provide a theoretical framework based on the latest information. Empirical studies by researchers in different industries have examined the topic with a statistical approach. Their findings are used to provide a practical perspective. The results show that social media has a positive influence on consumers’ purchase behaviour. The conclusion discusses recommendations for future research, limitations and a critical view on existing empirical research and theory on this topic.
To achieve sustainable development, appropriate individual consumer behavior is required. However, the increasing statements expressing the intention to buy green products by consumers are reflected in only a fraction of actual purchases. This paper presents a literature review on the attitude-behavior gap phenomenon, focusing on the controversial role of green marketing in promoting sustainable consumption and its influence on the gap between intentions and behaviors.
The attitude-behavior gap is attributable to various situational and internal factors, with the prevailing price sensitivity and routine purchase behavior for low-involvement products playing a critical role in the fast-moving consumer goods industry. Counteracting these factors with the help of a green marketing approach that encompasses internal, strategic, and tactical marketing orientations was examined in this work. While it has been found that creating credibility and transparency through a holistic marketing orientation and targeting the origins of the attitude-behavior gap with the respective green marketing tools can positively contribute to its narrowing, divergent green marketing strategies can lead to the opposite. Greenwashing as a strategy to give companies a greener image without adapting their business activities accordingly leads to a negative impact on the attitude-behavior gap.
On the basis of this analysis, the study found that according to the way a company employs green marketing strategies, it may either widen or narrow the gap.
Based on the history of office design, the changing technological environment and current business challenges, the physical workplace is an important aspect of the employee experience. The aesthetics of the work environment are one aspect that influences well-being and satisfaction on many different levels. This thesis provides a holistic and comprehensive perspective on the topic, including important influential factors from several scientific disciplines.
Two main dimensions of influence on the employee experience are considered. The direct- affective dimension deals with findings mostly from environmental psychology and neuroscience, which includes the impact of internal environmental quality and other psychological effects. Despite not always being consciously recognized, aesthetics and sensual perception have strong implications for the psychological well-being of organizational members.
The indirect-cognitive dimension deals with the work environment as an expression of organizational culture and the resulting implications of aesthetic considerations and the related symbolic and functional dimensions of the physical work environment. Common organizational artifacts and themes are explored as examples of the influence of aesthetic considerations for workplace design.
Next to the employee perspective, the managerial perspective and important implications, restrictions and issues for organizations in the creation and operation of workspaces are also considered.
Empirical research has been conducted to evaluate the application of aesthetic considerations and related issues in practice. Four expert interviews provide insight into the perspective of workplace design professionals on the aesthetics and related aspects of design, implementation processes and employee experience.
The aesthetic dimension of workplace design is often not actively considered by organizational members and management, but the research conducted in this work provides far-reaching evidence for the potential benefits of more considerate design choices for the aesthetics and beauty in the workplace. Using measures on both the direct and indirect levels of influence, the well-being and satisfaction of employees can be increased, and the attitudes and feelings held towards the organization can be improved. The importance of the interrelated fields of organizational culture and cultural change is explored. In addition, practical recommendations for the optimization of the aesthetical dimension of workplace design are offered at the conclusion of this work.
Job contentment, interpersonal relationships at work, quality of life – for a long time, these aspects were not given importance in an organizational context. Companies were considered rational units, and emotional aspects were neglected. Where people are recognized as an increasingly important resource in a company, emotions play a significant role. In the course of this, the interest in emotional intelligence in the workplace emerged. Especially in the field of leadership, emotional intelligence is now being given more and more attention and has proven to be a cause for numerous positive effects. Due to the limited research on this relation, this thesis aims to find out if and how emotional intelligence in leadership influences employee job satisfaction, specifically in a Danish organization. After outlining the foundations of emotional intelligence in leadership, job satisfaction, and Danish business culture, the empirical research focuses on employee interviews and an evaluation of the emotional intelligence of two managers. Specific focus is put on the employees' perception of their job satisfaction and their assessment of the importance of emotionally intelligent leadership. The results show the importance of emotionally intelligent behavior, and recommendations regarding the implementation of emotional intelligence to overcome workplace challenges are given.
Generation Z born between 1995 and 2010 has a growing influence on the markets and businesses need to adapt their marketing strategies to meet the needs and expectations of said generation and therefore influence their brand perception, preferably positively. Consequently, it is essential to understand Generation Z, their values, characteristics and behavior.
The goal of this thesis is to answer how the modern marketing strategy cause-related marketing influences the brand perception of Generation Z. Thus, the following research questions are being posed: “How does cause-related marketing influence Generation Z’s brand perception in Germany?” and “How can cause-related marketing influence Generation Z’s brand perception in Germany positively?”.
To answer the research questions a quantitative study regarding brand perception was conducted. More specifically a survey was run to measure the brand perception of Generation Z regarding the practice of cause-related marketing. The respondents had to indicate how much they agree or disagree with statements about brands practicing cause-related marketing posed on a 5-level Likert scale to measure their brand perception.
The results of the study indicate that the perception of Generation Z gets influenced by the practice of cause-related marketing. Moreover, Generation Z’s brand perception gets influenced positively. This effect can be augmented if companies pay attention to the specific values, characteristics and behavior of Generation Z and choose their message, collaboration partners and causes accordingly. Additionally, Generation Z’s brand perception can be influenced positively if cause-related marketing is practiced originally, especially via suitable communication tools.
Further studies concerning cause-related marketing influencing Generation Z’s brand perception in other countries or how specific brands or industries are affected could be conducted. Additionally, studies focusing on the negative impacts of cause-related marketing could be performed.
Many companies are struggling with the decision of whether they should invest resources in the new app TikTok to communicate and develop their employer brand. Therefore, this thesis addresses, the question: Should German companies invest in TikTok as an employer branding tool? As this topic is not well researched yet, this work is based on individual opinions of HR professionals and opinions on the internet. There is no scientific verification of the accuracy of the statements made in this paper.
To answer this question, interviews with 14 German HR experts have been conducted. Afterwards, the interviews have been summarized and evaluated. The results show that the answer to the research question depends on several factors.
TikTok is considered as a suitable tool if the company’s DNA correspond to that of the application and if enough personal resources are available. Also, if the target group and their needs match the young audience and if the company has already gained experiences on social media. Furthermore, the uploaded content should be authentic and involve motivated representatives of the target group (age 16 to 24). The company must give those employees full support, trust and freedom. Nevertheless, they should also invest in their training and let them know what is desired. The content on TikTok should be informative, short, in the language of the audience and the company should act as an adviser. Employer branding content should be published infrequently and only once a community has been built. The app should be understood as an awareness channel and it should not be expected to bring many applicants immediately. Firms should weigh the positive and negative sides and use the above factors to decide whether TikTok fits their own company.
The success of TikTok can be explained, for example, due to the dopamine release when watching videos on social media and the complex algorithm behind the app, which filters only relevant videos for the individual preferences of each user. Moreover, other hormones such as adrenalin and oxytocin are released, as well. The variety of sounds available and the possibility to share the content with other social media platforms, could also lead to a high popularity of the app. The short videos are favorable for the short attention span of social media users and not often being interrupted by any comments or advertisements makes watching TikTok videos fun.
In the light of incremental environmental degradation, social awareness and resource depletion along with high and volatile resource prices, food packaging manufacturers in Germany increasingly perceive pressure towards the implementation of circular business models. However, there does not exist any data neither about the current deployment of circular business models nor about the active efforts dedicated by manufacturers in the German food packaging industry while in many cases there is lacking expertise of how to implement circular business models. This thesis is going to close this gap by conducting a systematic observation of 41 food packaging manufacturers’ product portfolio and company policy in order to identify the current state of deployment and active efforts dedicated to the implementation. Moreover, the most applicable measures will be analysed in order to capture the level of circularity in the focal industry, while providing a step-by-step guidance of how to implement circular business models. There was found that the German food packaging industry is characterised by an open-loop approach since manufacturers focus on circular inputs but neglect the reuse and recycling of packaging materials. Besides, there could be identified six highly applicable metrics, which measure a range of different fundamental aspects of the circular economy. Finally, there was found that the process of implementing circular business models can be structured into four phases, whereas a set of key enablers permits food packaging manufacturers to overcome certain barriers and facilitates the implementation of circular business models. The conclusion was drawn that food packaging manufacturers in Germany still show noticeable potential for enhancement in order to increase circularity, especially by launching circular product designs, the reuse of certain types of food packaging and implementing a more holistic approach of circular business models.
The advertising industry has strongly changed over the past years. Obviously, the coming of digital media has created networking between consumers and revolutionized traditional marketing toward companies building lasting relationship with potential customers and thereby generating an exponential growth in exposure and influence still called viral marketing. Despite the fact that viral marketing is an old topic, its relevancy in the business area is quite recent. However, little research is devoted to the adoption and internal usage of social media in SMEs, which are of high social and economic importance. Findings of numerous researches on this topic have been constructed on the B2C market. For this reasons, the aim of this study seeks to address the gap in knowledge regarding the use of social media in the B2B SMEs in Germany.
The Impact of Using Sustainability Labels in Advertisements of Fashion Brands on Social Media
(2022)
This thesis investigates the impact of sustainability labels in advertisements of fashion brands on social media. It aims to answering the following research questions: Do consumers search for more information on sustainability labels? Do sustainability labels impact credibility? Do sustainability labels impact purchase decisions? To answer the research questions an online survey with 202 participants was conducted. The empirical study revealed that consumers tend to search for less additional information when a sustainability label is displayed in an advertisement on social media. Few consumers believe that brands are fully sustainable when sustainability claims in an advertisement are not supported by a sustainability label. The display of a sustainability label may not be one of the most important factors for consumers considering purchasing fashion items. Those results suggest that brands should use sustainability labels as an important tool in advertising on social media to fill the informational need of consumers and increase credibility.
The impact of Social Media Marketing on consumer decision-making process in the tourism industry
(2019)
Decisions are defining our daily lives. Consumers are making decisions frequently. Since new technologies appeared, and globalization is rising, people are facing new challenges and are confronted with more decisions to make than it was two decades earlier.
Decisions are made in every industry. Likewise, it is in tourism.
The tourism industry is booming, and the necessity of the internet required more than ever. Simultaneously tourism industry is faced with a new consumer who is creating, commenting, sharing, liking and posting content. Hence, it is more complex to analyze and understand this form of consumer. Changing position from an offline to an online member of the internet have had a huge impact on consumers’ behavior. Adaptation of Social Media Marketing to the new consumers tend to be more difficult than it was earlier. Consumers are getting more communicative dispose of a wider range of information, as the internet became a tool to interact and communicate. It is now more important that the tourism industry acts in a successful and sustainable way to improve its Social Media performance and adapt communication processes to be able to influence decisionmaking and direct consumer to their touristic supply.
At this academic work, firstly, it is identified the term “tourism” to analyze the decisionmaking process adapted to the tourism industry. Moreover, critical phases, which can be strongly influenced by Social Media Marketing are defined, based on theoretical research.
Moreover, a model is going to be designed, which describes adequate Social Media applications which are influencing consumers’ decision-making process. This is based on a quantitative research in form of a questionnaire. The resulting model is proved and discussed later approached by a qualitative research, which will be designed as an expert discussion.
With the rise of the “Quiet Revolution” in the past years, introversion has gained significant importance on an international scale. Especially in individualistic cultures being an introvert does not fit the “Extrovert Ideal” and can lead to unpleasant situations in daily life. Introversion is a personality trait that can mainly be defined by the way a person gains its energy. While introverts gain energy in more quiet environments, the opposite is the case for extraverts. This bachelor thesis intends not only to capture the perception of introversion in the German speaking world, but the main focus is on the impact of introversion in the application process, specifically the reaction of introverts to certain personal characteristics mentioned in job advertisements. As the collected data of an online survey shows, introverts react differently to job advertisements that require characteristics involving a high degree of social interaction. While many introverts know that characteristics like the ability to communicate or work in a team appear in a high number of job advertisements for a variety of different jobs, they would apply to these positions, but given other options, they would rather choose less socially engaging positions. When communication skills are required, slightly more than half of the participants would not apply to the position. Lastly, the perception of introversion from an introvert’s view is mixed. While roughly 75% of the participants feel like introverts are more likely to be disadvantaged in the application process and slightly more than 50% replied that they would prefer to be extraverted, the other half responded that they prefer to stay the way they are, some people mentioning that they wish their skills would be appreciated more.
Mergers and acquisitions are effective strategies for corporations to accomplish their financial and strategic goals. They can, for example, assist businesses in increasing economies of scale or decreasing rivalry. The annual growth in the value of all mergers and acquisitions highlights the continued trend of M&As. Researchers differ on the role of national culture in post-merger integration. Some argue that national culture significantly influences post-merger integration, making it more difficult to create synergies. Other scholars argue that national culture should be viewed as a competitive advantage that leads to a more positive M&A outcome. National culture is not a major factor in post-merger integration, and other variables, like the firm's desire to adapt and corporate culture, dictate its complexity. Another viewpoint on the influence of national culture is that it relies on the level of connectivity, which means that the more tightly a firm integrates with another, the more probable cultural disputes develop. Therefore, this study aims to look at a wider prospect of the impact of national culture on post-merger integration. The research methodology used in this research work is the qualitative research design which involves a naturalistic study intended to collect, analyze, and interpret non-numerical to understand individual opinions, phenomena, concepts, or experiences. Primary and secondary data were used in this investigation. Semi-structured interviews were used to acquire primary data from the research sample. On the other hand, secondary data for the research study was gathered from existing sources such as prior study results, journal articles, reports, and other recorded literature on the role of national culture in post-merger integration. The results of this research were categorized in the form of the three themes, which forms the basis central basis of the research.
The impact of human trust on business performance by the example of non-governmental organizations
(2020)
How important, scalable and influenceable is the factor trust for charities? This thesis deals with this question regarding social media appearances of three NGOs. Furthermore, it aims to capture the general state of trust of millennials in non-governmental organizations.
This work is predicated on extensive literature research, an online survey, a group discussion with millennials and an application of the HuTrust Model by mext consulting.
Findings indicate that the level of trust matters in different areas such as social media engagement rate and the willingness to donate money to an NGO
Global warming threatens our climate. The planet we know today will deteriorate seriously if nothing changes. The massive consumption of textiles makes the fashion industry as the second leading global polluter after the oil industry. The rise in population increases demand and therefore, also production, which in turn leads to harmful environmental impacts. The global consumers have become increasingly concerned and aware of the importance of sustainability. Due to rising awareness of customers regarding the environment, green marketing strategies have become an important topic. Therefore, a huge number of companies are “greening” their marketing mix. Environmental concern and knowledge of consumers are growing but there is still contradicting behavior of consumers regarding environmentally friendly products. The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of green marketing practices and environmental behavior factors on consumer buying behavior taking the fashion industry as an example. This thesis depends on theoretical findings of green marketing and environmental behavior factors in general and on the fashion industry. The practical part consists of a self-conducted survey were the impact of the above-mentioned determinants were examined on the example of eco-friendly fashion. Conclusions that can be drawn from the study were that even though consumers know about the negative impact of the fashion industry and they are concerned about the environment it does not translate into their behavior, since there are other factors which influence consumers decision more heavily when purchasing fashion items.
Globalization and digitalization are two major trends shaping organizations today. Information systems are heavily influenced by globalization because of the crucial role they play in many organizations operating in an increasingly international environment. One way this is demonstrated is through different usage behaviour displayed in different cultural backgrounds. The purpose of this study is to determine how cultural differences influence the use of information systems through the Technology Acceptance Model. Insights into differences in user behaviour are able to contribute to a better understanding of operating, developing and managing information systems.
The study is based on a mixed methods approach to empirical research using primary and secondary data. A literature review was used to establish a theoretical foundation of concepts regarding the key points of the study. Subsequently, two expert interviews have been conducted with the departments responsible for most of the information systems operated at the Furtwangen University of Applied Sciences with the objective to collect information about the provided services. It has been revealed that there is a movement towards expanding services to mobile devices. A survey was carried out to measure and analyze usage behaviour and attitudes of business faculty students towards the information systems. Based on path analysis of the collected data, an extended version of the Technology Acceptance Model has been developed with social influence as additional variable. The results show that different cultural dimensions impact the approach to use an information system differently characterized by the degree of support for the Technology Acceptance Model and the emphasis on either traditional factors or social influence. Finally, the survey has revealed general support for mobile learning information systems as an instrument to access information.
Travel bans, lockdowns, and social distancing shape the daily pandemic rou- tine and force marketers, producers, business, and consumers to changed buying behavior and disrupted buying habits. Online sales are sky rocking and hence the comprehension of changes in consumer behavior towards online shopping play an important role for the economy. The aim of the present thesis is to investigate changes in consumer behavior due to COVID-19 and give insights whether these changes last or not. Subordinately, it is examined whether – and if, how – online and offline buying motives are linked to possible lasting changes. Therefore, a deductive quantitative method, namely an online questionnaire, was chosen to conduct, and descriptive statistics to display and analyze data. The conducted data confirms a surge in online shopping fre- quency during the pandemic, but also shows that the respondents will not re- turn to old buying frequency habits and keep buying online as much as during the pandemic. Besides that, the present work confirms the assumption that COVID-19 raised awareness to support local stores. I further conclude that the research subjects gain trust in shopping online and will repeat new online shopping experiences. Hence, adopted consumer behavior will be repeated respectively and old buying habits are being refrained.
This bachelor thesis addresses the topic of digitalization in the healthcare industry and the resulting integration of Artificial Intelligence into medical care. The aim of this thesis is to develop new business model ideas for an international medical device manufacturer, enabled by the integration of a digital solution into the product portfolio. Furthermore, measures for the successful implementation of the business model ideas and positioning of the organization are to be developed.
To achieve this goal, a market research on the impact of digitalization in the healthcare industry and the resulting integration of Artificial Intelligence into medical care was conducted based on the relevant literature. In addition, the resulting opportunities and risks for the specific use case were identified.
Within the scope of this thesis, the following business model ideas were identified:
- BMI 1: Individual module-based offering,
- BMI 2: Comprehensive product and service solutions,
- BMI 3: Integrated supply and patient pathway solutions,
- BMI 4: Data platform provider.
Recommendations for successful positioning include (1) strengthening organizational structures for process orientation, (2) placing the digital solution not only as a solution for the patient pathway, but also as an enabler for ambulatory procedures, (3) expanding the digital solution with secondary process applications, (4) building a skilled workforce, and (5) partnering with technology companies to manage implementation of the platform-based business model idea.
We, a group of students from the "International Business Administration (IBW)" course at the Faculty of Business and Economics, have carried out a project as part of the subject "Managing Business Processes" that is intended to strengthen HFU's international reputation. This digital cookbook is intended to provide our guest students from partner universities with the opportunity to root the culture they have brought with them. On the other hand, we as hosts would like to convey the local culture to our guest students. By sharing diverse, broad and varied cuisines, we as a community could fulfill our motto of students for students. Not only does the HFU CookBook focus on the culinary arts, but it was also possible to facilitate personal student exchanges through an individual fact sheet. Due to the Corona situation, HFU could not live up to its usual standard for international exchange. Therefore it was important for us to enable the students a personal exchange, based on cultural facts, personal experiences and certain background information.
We hope that all readers of this book will enjoy cooking the recipes and learning about the different cultures.
Bon appétit!
This essay takes a fresh look at the interactions between Germany and its halal food market by evoking the facts, challenges, and opportunities of a norm that sets the limit between lawful and unlawful. Moreover, following the steps of various conducted research papers that analyzed the halal food market in different ethnic societies, this study aims to find out some of the significant success factors within the halal supply chain management in a German business context.
Many of the traditional alternative food networks are facing logistical challenges that impede them from increasing their scale and emerging from the market niche they currently operate in. Food hubs, as innovative business models, may be able to overcome these challenges and bridge the infrastructural gap between small and medium-sized local farmers and large-scale demand for local food products. Although the food hub concept has enjoyed only relatively little popularity in Europe, this might change with the European Commission’s plan for a more sustainable food system – the Farm to Fork strategy. This thesis aims to analyze the potential impact that this initiative as an external market force may have on the future of food hubs, so that it can be considered in their strategic decisions today. Nonquantitative scenario planning was used to develop four plausible future states, each characterized by a different level of success of the Farm to Fork strategy. The results indicate that it provides significant development opportunities for food hubs. Especially the regulations in institutional food procurement, the internalization of the true costs and changing perceptions of the value of food are potentially beneficial. However, this requires food hubs to pay close attention to the upcoming legal regulations when making portfolio decisions. A product offer that is based on environmental and social sustainability and healthiness in addition to local origin should put them in a favorable position to benefit off of these impending changes. At the same time, food hubs need to maintain their flexibility and respond adequately to consumer preferences in order to deal with the challenge of increasing competition with conventional retailers.
The effective, long-term management of natural resource wealth represents a big challenge for extractive countries like the Republic of Chile. The blessing of commodity abundance is accompanied by a phenomenon referred to as the resource curse. The implied limited economic growth and the general tendency towards opaque, exclusive and corrupt dynamics present in the extractive business foster the necessity for a strong transparency framework.
The Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI) has dedicated its efforts to this problem and has established an international standard for data availability and civil society participation along the extractive value chain. Analyzing the effectiveness and suitability of this approach for the achievement of greater transparency in the Chilean mineral resource management, it will be found that the EITI represents the appropriate basis for enhancing commodity governance. However, it will turn out that Chile’s individual motivation and consistency are vital for the initiative’s success.
This thesis provides a general assessment of the subject. Further research would be required in order to provide a precise evaluation.
The bachelor thesis investigates the development and impact of electronic payment methods, specifically concerning the COVID-19 pandemic, consumer preferences, and the future of such methods. The primary objective of this study was to examine the effect of the pandemic and security concerns on consumer behaviour towards electronic payments. That was achieved through a literature review and a survey of 605 participants. The survey results indicate an increasing trend among consumers towards cashless payments due to their numerous advantages over cash transactions, including enhanced hygiene, quicker processing times, and improved security. As such, users exhibit a high level of comfort and convenience with electronic payment methods and are generally rarely worried about the security of their data. The study further reveals that electronic payment methods are gaining popularity worldwide, particularly mobile payments. The pandemic and improved security measures have led to a notable increase in their use, which is expected to continue to rise. Based on these findings, the study suggests that digital payments are the way forward and that these methods will be further developed to improve user-friendliness and security.
The present work illustrates the challenges non-profit organizations are facing, especially in regard to marketing measures. Rapid technical advancements and the continuous development of digital assets opens new creative possibilities, which organizations must recognize in order to operate successfully.
Future philanthropists’ charitable contributions are shaped by generational characteristics. The new generation forces organizations to implement new strategies and to revise its approach in order to address given needs and to satisfy all participants. Social platforms, permanent internet access and specifically mobile phones influence promotional activities which emphasizes the great importance of a digital marketing concept. Furthermore, charity organizations need to adapt new ways of engaging with their donor base in order to build a sustainable and lasting relationship.
This paper aims to reveal generational impacts on charitable contributions. It focuses mainly on marketing measures and the upcoming challenges and specifically aims to examine existing evidence for the effectiveness of Video Marketing. Hence, the key question to be answered is if video illustrates the new sales tool to approach future philanthropists. Therefore, an interview with the expert Dennis van Dijk, the COO of MSSG B.V., is being conducted to support the possible result.
This research identifies positive and negative influence factors by examining the effectiveness of digital video advertising. The objective is to discover ways of leveraging
these factors successfully through an extensive literature review. As this ad format has developed into a staple in most brands' media strategy, it is valuable to drive
understanding of effective implementation forward. Three brands that utilize digital video advertising are selected for an analysis of their recently published ads. This analysis is supported by a suggested model that was developed based on advertising literature to assess ad effectiveness. Results show that the perceived intrusiveness of an ad and the consequential ad avoidance behaviours in consumers represent a hindrance to ad effectiveness. In contrast, elements used in an advertisement that increase its value facilitated ad effectiveness. Credibility, entertainment and informativeness are ad value contributors and impact ad recall, the gateway to positive marketing outcomes such as purchasing decisions. The circumstances under which consumers are exposed to digital video advertisements play a role in if the ad message can effectively be conveyed.
While negative influence factors have their detriment, they can still be counteracted and leveraged. Advertisers and ad-supported video streaming sites like YouTube can find
ways to broadcast ads without significantly impeding the user experience and, in doing so, secure the continued profitability of this promotion format that depends on users
watching ads.
Global warming provokes our climate and the world how we know it today to change severely. The production of food together with its consumption is responsible for 19-29% of world’s greenhouse gas emissions caused by human activities and further rises are
expected. As a response to this phenomenon, the assessment of a product’s carbon footprint has awaken huge interest with the purpose of controlling food’s environmental impact during its life-cycle. In order to involve individuals in the target of reducing harmful emissions, besides governmental and business efforts, CO2 labels have been developed to communicate a product’s carbon footprint and enabling consumers to make more climate-friendly purchase decisions. However, it has been shown that a successful
implementation of CO2 labels on grocery products still confronts barriers from the consumer side.
For a better understanding of the meaning of mentioned labels, this thesis deepens the theoretical backgrounds of greenhouse gas emissions and the carbon footprint related to the food industry. In a second step, the acceptance and effectiveness of carbon labels on
groceries will be analysed critically by using contextual literature reviews and a case study on German purchase behaviour.
The economic impacts of tourism on regional, sustainable development - The case of the Swabian Alb
(2016)
The goal of the work was to determine the economic impacts of tourism on a region. Several models are described and the tourism value chain was chosen and employed for determining the economic effects tourism spending has on a region. The region chosen was the Swabian Alb which is located in the South of Germany. Many complex tools such as Input Output approaches or Tourism Satellite Accounts exist in tourism economic impact studies but for a small region such as the Swabian Alb those are too time-consuming. The value chain has proven to be an easy and effective tool in improving the positive economic effects of tourism such as multipliers and reducing negative effects such as leakages. The findings showed that the Swabian Alb is a sustainable region and does also research on economic impacts. However, there are gaps in this research and for a small region like the Swabian Alb is it is hard to measure indirect effects of tourism as those effects are not easy to capture especially in numerical terms. Therefore the value chain was developed and along the value chain potential sources of leakages and linkages can be found and ways to improve the sustainability can be formulated.
This thesis examines the existence and magnitude of the Dividend Month Premium in the German stock market over the period 1999 to 2021. The findings indicate that there appear to be significant positive abnormal returns in the lead-up to the ex-dividend date, which are reversed thereafter. This mispricing around a predictable event arises as a contradiction of the efficient market hypothesis and is driven by price pressure from dividend-seeking investors who are not exposed to additional risk compared to non-dividend periods. The asset pricing anomaly intensifies in times of economic uncertainty and is related to the level of dividend yield and liquidity. However, if firms decide to omit their dividend payments, the return premium disappears.
Precedent research in human resources management has put forward the challenges of recognizing the appropriate methods to unlock employees’ potential. However, it has been proven that leaders and managers can establish a culture where employees can unlock their potential with the proper understanding of neuroscience and emotional intelligence. This research has shown that cognitive skills, which are necessary for a good job performance, can be further developed due to neuroplasticity. Furthermore, understanding human needs and emotions can help people improve their work and life experience. This research also studies the relationship between employees’ well-being and job performance. Moreover, how emotional intelligence influences the company’s working atmosphere with its staff will be, with the support of literature research, thoroughly investigated and further analysed. Based on findings of various studies, attributes such as empathy, compassion, and kindness play a predominant role and indicate an underlying connection between motivation and job performance. All in all, questions such as how health impacts job performance and how neuroscience research and understanding human emotions shift the approach to motivating people will be further discussed. This research also questions what attributes a company leader should have to build trust with the employees and encourage them to work better. Therefore, this research takes a closer look into the exemplary leadership approach and explains why communication and purpose in the company matter when unlocking human potential. In addition, it highlights the effect of experiencing stress and fear at work and the remarkable impact of positive emotions such as kindness, gratitude, and compassion. Thus, with this understanding, this research acknowledges profoundly the positive influence of having a trustworthy and empathetic leader in the company. It fundamentally shows that working in a healthy and inclusive working culture, where psychological safety is ensured, one can, in fact, unlock the potential of employees to work better and feel good about themselves.
We are constantly surrounded by internationalization in both our professional and private lives. It is assumed that recent graduates, especially from international study programs, have a broad horizon regarding our world and that they put a lot of emphasis on living and working internationally. Besides a review of relevant literature, the author conducted qualitative interviews with international graduates to research if that assumption was true. He focused on global mobility, which was perceived to play a vital role when linking internationalization and the attractiveness of an employer. The findings from the interviews showed that aspects of internationalization such as the opportunity to work abroad or in an international environment were arguably the most important to them.
The purpose of this thesis is to give readers an understanding about internationalization and its relevant factors, the role of global mobility and how it can be used to increase a company’s attractiveness as an employer.
The concept of Job Crafting was developed by Amy Wrzesniewski and Jane E. Dutton in 2001. It describes job alterations initiated by employees that can occur in three different ways: Task crafting, relational crafting and cognitive crafting. The aim of Job Crafting is the better alignment of employee needs and preferences to the job demands and rewards.
In this bachelor thesis, the concept of Job Crafting will be explained and will be put into the context of similar concepts. Both, positive and negative outcomes of Job Crafting behaviour will be explained and opposed. The outcomes can have the form of increased motivation, performance and person-job fit which are intended by the Job Crafting behaviour. But misalignments of Job Crafting with organisational goals and negative impacts on colleagues on the negative side can also occur and need to be considered. The bachelor thesis also illustrates important motivators for Job Crafting and the most important aspects that play a role in Job Crafting behaviour. In the end, the thesis provides an outlook of Job Crafting based on the information that was evaluated. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to provide an insight into the concept of Job Crafting and to inform about the recent state of research on the topic.
Job Crafting is considered to be a rather positive employee behaviour that mostly results in better outcomes for employees than before Job Crafting actions. As organisation in the current economic state need to be adaptive in order to stay competitive, Job Crafting offers a solution for organisations to provide their employees with enough freedom to stay flexible. Job Crafting is not to be considered as a substitute for common Job design but rather as a complement to it that can be used by employees to further enhance their behaviour and performance. Managers should be aware of its existence and even foster it into a direction that benefits the organisation.