Refine
Year of publication
Document type
- Bachelor Thesis (96)
- Contribution to a Periodical (74)
- Master's Thesis (29)
- Report (19)
- Academic Papers (15)
- Article (peer-reviewed) (9)
- Working Paper (8)
- Conference Proceeding (2)
Has full text
- Yes (252) (remove)
Is part of the Bibliography
- No (252) (remove)
Keywords
- Germany (7)
- Scenario planning (6)
- Blockchain (4)
- Maschinelles Lernen (4)
- Sustainability (4)
- Consumer behavior (3)
- Frugal innovation (3)
- Leadership (3)
- Machine learning (3)
- Advertising (2)
Course of studies
- IBW - Internationale Betriebswirtschaft (57)
- IMM - International Management (30)
- IBM - International Business Management (23)
- APE - Advanced Precision Engineering (21)
- BMP - Business Management and Psychology (13)
- MZT - Mikromedizintechnik (9)
- OMB - OnlineMedien (5)
- WIB - Wirtschaftsinformatik (4)
- AIN - Allgemeine Informatik (2)
- BAM - Business Application Architectures (2)
Biomedizinische Statistik
(2024)
Die klassische konfirmatorische Statistik, auch frequentistische Statistik genannt, setzt voraus, dass man theoretisch unendlich viele Stichproben ziehen kann, und dass dann die aus den Stichproben berechnete Prüf- oder Testgröße unter der Nullhypothese H0 eine bestimmte Verteilung annimmt. Meistens sind die Testgrößen so konstruiert, dass bei Ziehung der Stichproben aus immer derselben Grundgesamtheit (es gilt die Nullhypothese H0) eine Verteilung der Testgröße um den Wert null herum entsteht, z.B. in Form einer Glockenkurve, d.h., kleine Werte überwiegen. Große Werte der Prüf- oder Testgröße kommen mit geringer Wahrscheinlichkeit vor und signalisieren einen möglichen Ausnahmefall. Statt anzunehmen, dass einer der seltenen Fälle einer großen Prüfgröße eingetroffen ist, nimmt man lieber an, dass sich die Grundgesamtheiten unterscheiden (Alternativhypothese HA).
The impact of store atmosphere elements on the purchase behaviour and emotions of customers has an important significance in modern marketing. How to design and conceptualize a store atmosphere in such a way that it provides an unforgettable experience for the customer and entices him or her to arouse an interest in the store environment is one of the most fundamental concerns merchants and marketers must ask and think through these days – likewise, the role of culture in connection with store atmosphere is necessary to understand. The goal of this paper is to answer the question on how behavioural and emotional responses to store atmospheric elements such as visual, aural, olfactory, tactile, social, exterior design, interior design and layout & design differ across individualist and collectivist cultures. A cross-cultural analysis between Germans and non-Germans is made in respect to the posed question. A quantitative online survey was conducted, in which a total of 99 valid participants took part, of which 57 were Germans and 42 were non-Germans. This research extended the study of Barros et al. (2019) and added two more separate store atmospheric elements which are the general exterior design and the general interior design. The data was then analyzed, and the findings were ultimately presented. The findings showed that overall store atmosphere elements have similar emotional and behavioural effects on individualist and collectivist cultures with the exception of the general exterior design element, where a significant difference was found. This paper gives a comprehensive overview on the importance of store atmospheric elements in retail and the comparison between Germany which acts as a country that scored relatively high on the Individualism dimension of Hofstede’s national culture model and the countries Turkey, Russia, Portugal, Albania, Bosnia, Romania, Kazakhstan, Vietnam, Sri Lanka and Iraq which serve as a union of cultures that performed high on the Collectivism dimension. Additional research on the topic needs to be done on how culture affects shopper’s emotional and behavioural responses.
This study explores the complex dynamics influencing the establishment of secondary
vocational exchange programs, with an emphasis on identifying the barriers and
facilitators in this process. Adopting a qualitative research approach, the study seeks to
capture the rich, nuanced experiences of stakeholders and provide context-specific
insights. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with professionals, administrators,
and officials associated with German and United States Vocational Education. Employing
a two-tiered participant selection strategy, a range of perspectives were captured. The
data were analyzed using an inductive approach to thematic analysis, aiming to identify
underlying patterns and themes. Preliminary findings indicate that funding, policy and
governance challenges, educational structures, administrative elements, corporate
attitudes, and socio-cultural influences play significant roles in the establishment of these
exchange programs. The research also underscores the importance of participant
preparedness, program structure, stakeholder interest and engagement, diversity and
inclusion, and innovative program approaches as vital facilitators. These insights can
influence the development of policies and practices for future secondary vocational
exchange programs, thus contributing meaningfully to the larger conversation
surrounding vocational exchange programs and international educational partnerships.
Jährlich sterben etwa 3.000 Menschen bei Verkehrsunfällen in Deutschland. Trotz technischen Fortschrittes der Fahrzeuge und steigender Sicherheit im Straßenverkehr nimmt die Anzahl an Verkehrstoten nur minimal ab. Im Vergleich zu 1950 hat die Zahl an zugelassenen PKW in Deutschland deutlich zugenommen. Um die Anzahl der Todesfälle zu verringern, wurde durch die Europäische Union das 112-eCall Notrufsystem für alle PKW und leichten Nutzfahrzeugen mit einer vollen Typenzulassung ab dem 31.03.2018 verpflichtend eingeführt. Öffentliche Notrufleitstellen sowie der ADAC klagen über häufige Probleme mit dem eCall System. Fahrzeughersteller und andere Firmen dürfen auch ein eigenes eCall Angebot anbieten, wenn gewisse Bedingungen erfüllt sind. Bei Verkehrsunfällen ist eine schnelle Rettung und Transport in ein geeignetes Traumazentrum maßgeblich dafür verantwortlich, welche Überlebenschancen die verletzte Person hat. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, die verschiedenen eCall Arten anhand von Leitstellendaten zu untersuchen und zu ermitteln, wie viele dieser Einsätze in den Leitstellen eingegangen sind. Es sollen außerdem die Qualität und die Unterschiede der beiden Systeme in einer örtlichen Analyse ermittelt werden.
Thermal spraying is one of the most important and most efficient methods for coating surfaces. The company "Hugo Kern und Liebers" uses atmospheric plasma spraying for various coating processes such as the metallic coating of functional surfaces to optimize electrical conductivity. In order to gain further experience in the field of thermal spraying and to get a better overview, the processes of thermal spraying were compared in this project. Therefore, in addition to the information on atmospheric plasma spraying, the properties of other processes were collected through research. An Excel table of the process properties provides a good overview and helps with comparisons. The aim of this research work was the differentiation of the processes from each other, to identify advantages and disadvantages and to define areas of application.
Da die Anforderungen an ein in der Autotür verbautes Türschloss aufgrund Unfallverhütung stetig steigen, muss auch der Schließbügel an der Karosseriesäule weiterentwickelt werden. Die Konstruktion und Entwicklung ist bisher sehr
kosten- und zeitintensiv. Daher soll parallel zur momentanen Abzugsprüfung durch den Zugversuch, die Simulation dieser Prüfung aufgebaut werden. Im Rahmen dieser Forschungsarbeit wird aufgezeigt, auf welche äußeren Einflussfaktoren besonderen Wert gelegt werden muss und wie detailliert die Simulation aufgebaut sein muss um ein gutes Ergebnis zu bekommen.
Das Ziel der vorliegenden Forschungsarbeit ist die Konstruktion einer Vorrichtung zur Aufnahme unterschiedlicher Drehmomentmessflansche. Diese soll es dem Mitarbeiter erleichtern, die Messflansche ohne Behinderung von laufenden Versuchen zu kalibrieren. Somit wird die Verfügbarkeit der Motoren gesteigert. Zur Umsetzung wurden vier Konzepte entwickelt und bewertet. Das Konzept mit der höchsten Punktzahl wurde weiter ausgearbeitet. Das Projekt wurde erfolgreich mit Bauteil- und Baugruppenzeichnungen abgeschlossen.
In dieser Bachelorarbeit wird die Bedrohungslage durch den Einsatz von frei erhältlichen Drohnen zur Beeinträchtigung der Informationssicherheit von Organisationen umfassend untersucht. Unter Verwendung einer Kombination aus Literaturanalyse, Experteninterviews und Fallstudie wird die Vielfalt der Bedrohungen und die Machbarkeit von Drohnenunterstützte Angriffen auf die Informationssicherheit detailliert beleuchtet. Dabei zeigt sich, dass Drohnen eine reale und vielschichtige Gefahr darstellen. Die Einschätzung der Eintrittswahrscheinlichkeit solcher Angriffe ist aufgrund der dynamischen Entwicklung der Drohnentechnologie und der Vielfalt der Anwendungsmöglichkeiten komplex. Diese Arbeit betont die Notwendigkeit für Organisationen, effektive Abwehrstrategien zu entwickeln, und weist auf die Wichtigkeit weiterer Forschung in diesem Bereich hin, um den Herausforderungen der technologischen Entwicklungen und der sich ständig ändernden Bedrohungslandschaft gerecht zu werden.
Injury to the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments is not an uncommon occurrence. A rapid movement can already cause such an injury. Reconstruction of the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments (ACL/PCL) in the knee joint is a complex orthopedic challenge. In this context, the development of a graft preparation system is gaining importance. Such a system will help surgeons prepare grafts accurately and efficiently to optimize reconstruction processes. This can increase the accuracy of graft placement, reduce surgical times, and decrease recovery time and postoperative risk for patients.
This paper focuses on the development of a graft preparation system for ACL/PCL reconstruction in collaboration with Getsch+Hiller Medizintechnik. The challenges and requirements in developing such a system were analyzed to ensure functionality and effectiveness. Existing approaches and technologies were examined to identify potential improvements and innovations. Development included extensive research on ACL/PCL reconstruction using grafts, including various surgical techniques. A detailed analysis of the graft preparation process was performed to identify critical issues. The design of the graft preparation system is based on research data and is performed using CAD. The needs of the target group, customer requirements and findings from research were considered.
Konzeptentwicklung einer autonomen Be- und Entlade-Lösung für Ladungsträger von Standardanlagen
(2023)
Die Firma EGS Automation hat unteranderem mehrere Standardanlagen zur Be- und Entladung von Werkzeugmaschinen mit verschiedenen Ladungsträgern im Portfolio. Diese Standardmodelle automatisieren ganze Fertigungen von Produktionsanlagen und können dank ihres Aufbaus die einzelnen Prozesse entkoppeln. Bisher werden die Anlagen manuell von einer Person mittels Transportmittel be-und entladen. Für diese Anlagen ist zukünftig ein autonomes Be- und Entladen vorgesehen, um auch mehrere dieser Anlagen untereinander bzw. miteinander zu vernetzen und zu automatisieren
Funktionsweise und Vergleich von Methoden zur Generierung von Punktwolken in einer Versandstation
(2023)
Entwurf und Implementierung einer kamerabasierten Anwendung für ein Mühlespiel für den Panda-Roboter
(2023)
Our report focuses on the possible relationships between the occurrence of stressors and the use of VR. The issue was methodologically addressed by developing a general taxonomy of possible stressors in VR through related work and firstly carrying out a series of tests isolating only the baseline of headset-related stress.
Twelve young adults were tested in a pilot study by a specific five minute VR item for qualitative evaluations of the consumed content, their experience with the equipment, and their general experience running through our study. Same tests were carried out with a comparison group in a boxed TV-environment. For both groups, biomedical parameters were derived that indicate the stress level of the subjects (ECG, EDA and Cortisol test/salivette). Additionally the subjects were screened by questionnaires (VRSQ, NASA TLX-raw, semantic differentials) regarding changes in comfort. VR test subjects were screened by the headset's sensor data too (heart rate, pupil diameter, cognitive load).
Qualitative questions could not reveal any major irritations regarding the content of our relaxation scene. The headset’s sensor data did not indicate any cause of stress in subjects, but it is not possible to take baseline measurements without having the subject wear the VR headset. All other data show experimental validity and robustness.
Although knowing that our samples are small and the power of our tests may not be sufficient to detect a precise difference between the means, we decided to perform an experimental statistical analysis of the pilot study subject data (e.g f-tests, equal/unequal, significance level: 0.05).
According to the results and limitations of this analysis, young adults are not likely to experience stress from short-term use of VR headsets where all other VR stressors have been eliminated. Ten hypotheses in this regard have been rejected.
TSE-Signatur Verifier
(2022)
CSAF in DefectDojo
(2022)
Artificial First Responder
(2022)
Trends im Compilerbau
(2022)
Frugality has become a prerequisite for success in a low-resource environment, a reality exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine. When it comes to consumer needs, the priorities affordability and functionality are increasingly coming into focus. This study examines how frugal products are performing in developed markets, whether they meet consumer needs, and ultimately if there is a demand for these products.
The aim of this paper is to assess the status of Frugal Innovation (FI) in developed markets, using Germany as an example, and thus consumer behavior, in order to better evaluate the current status and related potentials based on this. The link between FI and environmental and social sustainability can be traced back to and limited to the minimal use of resources. Against the backdrop of the current economic and political situation, these factors represent one of the most significant competitive advantages of today.
This multi-method experiment helps to understand the consumer behavior towards frugal products as well as the opinions and attitude towards it. As a result, it can be said that there is interest in innovation in general as well as FI. The respective buying decisions were balanced, what means that frugal products do not necessarily outperform non-frugal ones, but they are in strong competition. It can be concluded that there will be an increasing demand for frugal products in developed markets such as Germany, especially for certain product categories.
This thesis aims to ascertain whether the concept of job sharing might be a solution for organizations to adapt their company values to meet the changing principles of society. The shift in demands results from the younger generations seeking different values in their free time, which also influences the demands at work. The disbalance between organizational and individual values leads to employee dissatisfaction and increasing turnover rates. The part-time concept of job sharing is on the rise regarding new work opportunities. Therefore, subtopics including flexibility, work-life balance, gender balance, and diversity in the workforce are positively encouraged through job sharing. The data and research in this thesis are obtained from existing literature on the work concept. Most previous research has focused on the influences on individuals and less on multiple levels within a company. The findings of this paper state that job sharing can significantly impact the value shift of a company in many different facets. Nevertheless, the concept also provides a large number of requirements on several levels which need to be adjusted to benefit from the concept.
This paper analyses five different Cryptocurrencies, namely Bitcoin, Ethereum, XRP, Dogecoin and Litecoin, and studies their impact on traditional financial portfolios under different allocation strategies. The allocation strategies under consideration in this paper are the modern portfolio theory according to Markowitz, an extension of it such as the tangency portfolio, and the equally weighted portfolio. Further, this study explores the effect on the efficient frontier when Cryptocurrencies are added to the efficient portfolios. In addition to that, the paper aims to examine whether the mean – variance portfolio optimization according to Markowitz outperforms the naïve and tangency portfolio strategy. The portfolio performance is evaluated based on the Sharpe ratio. The quantitative analysis of this paper covers the time period from 2017 to 2022, in total five years. In accordance with the existing literature on portfolio optimization with Cryptocurrencies, the study reveals that besides some issues related with Cryptocurrencies such as cybercrime and a lack of regulations, Cryptocurrencies can be beneficial for portfolio diversification with traditional financial assets. Referring to the portfolio strategies, the study highlights that the optimal mean – variance portfolio and tangency portfolio do not differ significantly in terms of Sharpe ratio. However, both strategies outperform equally weighted portfolios.
University-Industry Collaboration (UIC) is considered by academics and industry as a vital factor that has the power to both positively and negatively impact the open innovation (OI). To contribute to the literature and to identify challenges as well as to conceptualize some recommendations to help industries, this thesis raised a question:
what are the challenges of UIC and what recommendations can be made to solve the challenges. The main research objective was to recognize the determinants of UIC challenges. An empirical study was conducted in order to give an answer to the research questions and to meet the research objective. This research explicitly focused on students/interns and internships to analyze and to discover the challenges and solutions since students or internships are the least researched area in the field of UIC research. Participants were personally contacted with the survey link that was created online to conduct explorative research with the help of close-ended (quantitative) and open-ended (qualitative) questions. The results reveal that there are numerous challenges students face during the internship and thus these most likely hinder the successful UIC and ultimately successful OI. According to the results obtained from both quantitative and qualitative sections obvious and major challenges lie in innovation mediators ‘organizational culture’. From the quantitative result perspective only, major challenges are in the area of absorptive capacity and supervisors' support, internalization, and trust. Similarly, from the qualitative results perspective only, major challenges are bad crisis management, communication, and hierarchical structure.
This paper aims to create a foundation for further, in-depth research of the topic Indigenous entrepreneurship in Colombia and other countries, as well as to facilitate the analysis of obstacles in Indigenous businesses. To answer the research question, seven experts are interviewed using semi-structured interview guides based on several deductive categories. The findings are then analysed through a thematic content analysis before they are presented and discussed.
The results show that there are various inter-connected obstacles impeding more success of Indigenous businesses in Colombia, which are not sufficiently studied and addressed. The most important obstacles are corruption and marginalization, as well as resulting conditions like a lack of infrastructure and education. This study emphasizes the importance of, and encourages the realization of further,
profound research regarding this and related topics.
We, a group of students from the "International Business Administration (IBW)" course at the Faculty of Business and Economics, have carried out a project as part of the subject "Managing Business Processes" that is intended to strengthen HFU's international reputation. This digital cookbook is intended to provide our guest students from partner universities with the opportunity to root the culture they have brought with them. On the other hand, we as hosts would like to convey the local culture to our guest students. By sharing diverse, broad and varied cuisines, we as a community could fulfill our motto of students for students. Not only does the HFU CookBook focus on the culinary arts, but it was also possible to facilitate personal student exchanges through an individual fact sheet. Due to the Corona situation, HFU could not live up to its usual standard for international exchange. Therefore it was important for us to enable the students a personal exchange, based on cultural facts, personal experiences and certain background information.
We hope that all readers of this book will enjoy cooking the recipes and learning about the different cultures.
Bon appétit!
An average investor trying to allocate his wealth among multiple assets ideally has nearly infinite possibilities to do so. However, asset allocation strategies try to facilitate this process. Nevertheless, no consensus exists on which strategy is ideal and yields the best performance. Therefore, this paper aims to determine an ideal asset allocation strategy for an average investor by comparing two asset allocation strategies.
The focus is on comparing the practical application of Markowitz’s Modern Portfolio Theory (MPT), a sophisticated asset allocation strategy, with an equally weighted asset allocation, namely the 1/N strategy. The past performance of these two strategies is compared with the help of a calculation example based on historical data. The quantitative analysis covers three time periods of different lengths between 1991 and 2022. Also, the strategies are applied to portfolios with different amounts of assets during these periods. Although the existing literature is very controversial concerning the performance of the two strategies, this research shows a clear result. Compared to the 1/N strategy, this study’s findings show an outperformance of the MPT strategy during every period and each portfolio combination. However, the difference in performance regarding return and risk is minimal in most scenarios and would not significantly affect an average investor who invests over a long-term horizon.
Climate change is currently one of the biggest challenges both in terms of danger to natural habitats, wildlife, and humanity. To tackle climate change, we need to reduce our carbon emissions in a fast and decisive way. This thesis studies one of the potential solutions to do so: green hydrogen. More specifically, its potential development by 2030 in Spain using INKA 4.0 scenario planning software.
Green hydrogen shows to have a wide range of applications, from transport to heating and industry with great potential to decarbonize many sectors. It does come, however with a number of important hurdles mainly related to cost, scalability and technical difficulties that will need to be addressed for it to be successful. With this, 10 descriptors were created generating three scenarios to be studied. The most consistent of them, a successful development of green hydrogen in Spain by 2030 is characterized by having all of its descriptors in a favoring state while the other two have some or all in a hindering state, making its development not successful within the established timeframe. Concluding that due to the great challenge the development of green hydrogen is, its success needs to have all factors supporting it.
Agri-Photovoltaics is a novel renewable energy technology. Amid rising climate change concerns, integrated photovoltaic systems are gaining in importance. Problems such as the increasing scarcity of land and the sealing of fertile soils are becoming more and more serious. Land consumption is often at the expense of agriculture. Farmers are struggling to cope with the ever more difficult conditions due to the effects of climate change. Therefore, the world must increasingly deal with dual use of land. However, especially in Germany the technology of agri-photovoltaics is not yet very advanced. The objective of this thesis is to identify the potential of this technology for the energy transition in Germany. Furthermore, the economic potential for regional farmers in Germany will be elaborated based on an investment appraisal of a vertical agri-photovoltaic system. The application possibilities of agri-photovoltaics are versatile. The work shows that already today farmers in Germany can diversify their income by investing in an agri-photovoltaic system. The costs are higher than for ordinary ground mounted systems, however the land can still be used for agricultural purposes. The investment calculation is carried out in different scenarios. Particularly, the remuneration per kWh as well as the discount factor are decisive for a positive net present value project. The results of this work show that the potential of agri photovoltaics is high for both the energy transition in Germany and the economic benefits for regional farmers. For an increasing expansion of the technology, more precise legislation and appropriate subsidies for agri-photovoltaics are needed.
Currently, the technology is insufficiently covered in German legislation, which needs to be addressed.
The following study examines the influence selected variables have on the price of the cryptocurrency Bitcoin by utilizing a multiple linear regression model. Data of 267 observations for each variable during a five-year period from 13 August 2016 to 1 October 2021 are analyzed. The results present empirical evidence on the relationship of Bitcoin and external determinants such as traditional financial assets, in particular the stock market, the bond market, domestic currencies, the real estate market, gold, and the popularity of Bitcoin, represented by a Google Trends analysis. The findings imply that only the stock market and the real estate market proxies significantly influence the price of the cryptocurrency Bitcoin.
Private equity investors acquire companies, aim to increase the company’s corporate value and thus aim at selling the respective company at a profit after some time. To increase the value of their portfolio companies, private equity investors employ three main value creation strategies. Financial leverage, multiple expansion, and operational value creation. There has been a significant shift in importance between these three value drivers. While in the 1980s more than 50% of value creation was achieved by leveraging equity with the help of debt capital, this value driver only accounted for 15% in the 2010s. Instead, the value driver operational value creation has gained significantly in importance. It alone accounted for 55% of total value creation in the 2010s, more than financial leverage and multiple expansion combined. The aim of this thesis is to answer the question which operational value creation levers private equity investors use to increase the value of their portfolio companies during the holding phase. In addition, the thesis deals with the question of operational value creation drivers of the future. These are derived based on prevailing megatrends of the future. Research on the operational value drivers used by private equity investors revealed that these drivers can be assigned to three main aspects.
These aspects are, on the one hand, financial aspects, where private equity investors take measures to improve working capital. Moreover, within the framework of financial aspects private equity investors influence the cost structure as well as the cost of capital and the capital structure. Furthermore, private equity investors assert influence on the governance structures of their portfolio companies. For the aspect of governance, measures such as replacement of management/change of management structure, monitoring and controlling as well as incentive systems were identified to increase the value of the company. Another identified aspect for value creation are strategic aspects. In terms of strategic aspects, private equity investors use the levers of mergers and acquisitions, organic expansion, outsourcing/insourcing as well as product and pricing strategies.
The research on the value creation levers that private equity investors will have to apply in the future in order to ensure value creation of their portfolio companies is based on the megatrends of digitalization, demographic change and sustainability. The research revealed the implementation of digitalization measures, employee, and talent management as well as the implementation of ESG criteria.
This thesis has structurally outlined value drivers that contribute to value creation in private equity investments. The research also showed that value creation levers taken can directly and indirectly influence the value of the portfolio company. Value drivers II with a direct effect on the change in equity value affect either revenue, margin or net debt, while the indirect value drivers affect the valuation multiple.
Cybersecurity threads are a huge problem for all sizes of businesses. The traditional way of protecting valuable resources in the IT-Industry is a perimeter based security strategy. To ensure proper access rights for resources, firewalls, and other network-based inspection tools were used. The current move to the cloud undermines classic security strategies by blurring borders. The Zero Trust approach does not rely on edges and borders to ensure network security. Instead, all connections have to be verified and authenticated individually. In this thesis, a zero trust security model in a heterogeneous open source environment was verified. The three main observations were:
A zero trust architecture is possible, but the implementation is difficult. Half of the issues discovered must be covered by organisational measures. The tools available to cover technical measures are not developed enough. This is expected to change in the near future, as varoius companies already identified this issue.
This research identifies positive and negative influence factors by examining the effectiveness of digital video advertising. The objective is to discover ways of leveraging
these factors successfully through an extensive literature review. As this ad format has developed into a staple in most brands' media strategy, it is valuable to drive
understanding of effective implementation forward. Three brands that utilize digital video advertising are selected for an analysis of their recently published ads. This analysis is supported by a suggested model that was developed based on advertising literature to assess ad effectiveness. Results show that the perceived intrusiveness of an ad and the consequential ad avoidance behaviours in consumers represent a hindrance to ad effectiveness. In contrast, elements used in an advertisement that increase its value facilitated ad effectiveness. Credibility, entertainment and informativeness are ad value contributors and impact ad recall, the gateway to positive marketing outcomes such as purchasing decisions. The circumstances under which consumers are exposed to digital video advertisements play a role in if the ad message can effectively be conveyed.
While negative influence factors have their detriment, they can still be counteracted and leveraged. Advertisers and ad-supported video streaming sites like YouTube can find
ways to broadcast ads without significantly impeding the user experience and, in doing so, secure the continued profitability of this promotion format that depends on users
watching ads.
Einfluss des Klimawandels auf die deutsche Weinindustrie - Zukunftsanalyse für die deutschen Winzer
(2022)
Die vorliegende Bachelorarbeit gibt einen Überblick über die Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf die deutsche Weinindustrie. Das Ziel war es, die zukünftigen Risiken wie auch Chancen für die deutschen Winzer zu ermitteln und anhand der Ergebnisse Handlungsempfehlungen für die zukünftige Weinindustrie zu entwickeln. Um die Forschungsfragen zu beantworten, wurde eine Szenario- Analyse durchgeführt, welche sich an den deutschen Winzern orientiert. Dabei wurden die Einflüsse betrachtet und anhand dieser wurden unterschiedliche Zukunftsprojektionen erstellt. Die Szenario-Analyse zeigte, dass die deutsche Weinindustrie bei den aktuellen Entwicklungen des Klimawandels deutlich als Gewinner hervorgeht. Dennoch müssen Winzer und andere Akteure der Wein- industrie heute bereits wichtige Entscheidungen treffen und sich den Bedingun- gen anpassen um in der Zukunft die entstehen Chancen nutzen zu können.
Prior research found extremeness aversion effects to be common and robust. Nevertheless, most research neglected the spatial arrangement's influence on a consumer's choice and placed the compromise option of a choice set simultaneously in the spatial middle. Following these findings, five bachelor theses were conducted to investigate both aspects by analyzing numerical and spatial choice architectures – their data comprised three online surveys and three field experiments. This study aimed to compare their findings and analyze their data sets to search for overarching effects. Therefore, we hypothesized that there is either information-format compatibility or a general tendency towards the spatial middle of a choice set. To research this hypothesis, we brought the data sets into a comparable format, analyzed our findings, and conducted t-tests to test for statistical significance. Even though the study could not find overarching effects across the data, it supports the notion that a choice set's spatial arrangement, like the numerical one, can influence consumer behavior. Furthermore, it led to valuable insights for future research approaches concerning expanding extremeness aversion into a spatial dimension.
Growing environmental awareness, especially among young generations, is reflected in the willingness to accept price premiums for sustainable and recyclable products. In recent years, marketers have focused on reinforcing consumers’ attention and interest in green goods by increasing the effectiveness of various sustainability information on product packaging.
In this thesis, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) investigated the effect of visual and verbal recycling claims on product packaging upon the willingness to pay (WTP). Although findings showed no changes in WTP related to a visual claim, the presence of a verbal claim positively impacted the WTP in two of four cases. Further, significant interactions between the two factors were detected. The results suggest that students considered an imagery seal irrelevant during product evaluation, whilst communicating recycling information with a textual message or with a conjunction of both claims showed a tendency to improve price-value perception. However, results for the verbal and interaction effects showed variations across products. Therefore, one may not draw unequivocal assumptions from the findings of this study without research replication on a larger scale.
Due to technical advances, multisensory technologies have gained traction in the research and development of many industries. With the launch of virtual and augmented reality systems, the potential for these technologies increased even further. The senses of vision and hearing have long been integrated into current products, leading to the assumption that olfactory stimuli are likely to be included soon to stimulate the sense of smell.
With this trend, the issue of implementation into current digital products and services arises, as odors currently cannot be captured in one place and released in another on a large scale. Therefore, this thesis deals with the nature of smell from a cognitive psychological and technological viewpoint. We show why it makes sense to stimulate the sense of smell in multisensory experiences and present early and current technical standards. In addition to this, we conducted expert interviews enabling us to provide insights into the digital scent and olfaction industry. Among other aspects, our results suggest that there are fundamental challenges that developers have to overcome and that a successful implementation depends on the business application.
In two experiments, this empirical research examines consumers’ willingness to pay and the likelihood of purchase decisions by thoroughly investigating the neural, behavioral, and psychological properties of packaging design. A general theory is tested by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and a NeuroPricing online survey on consumer behavior using the example product Tassimo. Hypotheses are tested with 592 German consumers who evaluated the packaging of Tassimo coffee. A closer look at the neural data from the brain imaging experiment shows that uncertainty can arise among consumers with regard to sustainable packaging and this can have a negative impact on the purchase decision and willingness to pay. The results from both experiments show that it is not possible to make a holistic statement as to which sustainable or enjoyment-focused packaging design increases the likelihood of a purchase decision or the willingness to pay. Implications for future packaging design research and underlying complexities with sustainable packaging are discussed.
Das stoffliche Recycling von Handwerkzeugen stellt eine Herausforderung dar. Hierzu ist eine Trennung der Werkstoffverbunde in ihre Einzelkomponenten erforderlich. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit werden unterschiedliche mechanische, thermische und chemische Verfahren zusammengefasst, mit welchen dieses Ziel erreicht werden kann. Um den Produktionsprozess der Handwerkzeuge noch ressourcenschonender zu gestalten und die Verwendung von rohölbasierten Kunststoffen zu reduzieren, werden im zweiten Teil der Arbeit Biokunststoffalternativen identifiziert und hinsichtlich ihrer Eignung für die Produktion von Handwerkzeugen untersucht.
For thin zinc sheets for construction purposes different welding techniques like tungsten inert gas (TIG), plasma arc (PAW) or micro-friction stir (μFSW) welding can be used. However, low ultimate tensile strength (UTS) often leads
to cracking in the weld even at low loads. The characteristics of laser welding make it particularly suitable for joining thin sheets and low-melting materials. Nevertheless, little is known about the weldability of thin zinc sheets by laser welding and the effects of the basic process parameters of laser power and travel speed on the welding process and the UTS of the weld. In this study,
thin zinc sheets were welded at different laser powers and travel speeds. Tensile testing of the welded joint showed, that the UTS and elongation at break increase with the energy input per unit length, but the welding process became gradually unstable and the susceptibility for welding defects increased. This leaves only a few laser powers and travel speeds that produce good welds with respect to UTS and elongation at break. Under these conditions laser welding is an alternative processing technique to
TIG, PAW and μFSW, but needs further investigation to
improve its stability. To implement laser welding in highly
automated production processes further research is required on laser welding of rolled zinc alloys.
Dieses Forschungsprojekt, welches auf einer vorausgegangenen Bachelor-Thesis basiert, beschäftigt sich mit der Erstellung eines Planspiels. Mithilfe des Planspiels soll den Studierenden der Vorgang einer Wertstromaufnahme und Wertstromanalyse nähergebracht und das Vorgehen anhand einer nachgebauten Produktionshalle der fiktiven Firma „Tools AG“ vermittelt werden. Die Aufgaben des Planspiels entsprechen dem realen Vorgehen einer Wertstromarbeit. Es werden im Rahmen dieser Arbeit die Figuren der Produktions-Prozesse, die Aufgabenstellung des Planspiels wie auch die zu lösenden Probleme des Wertstroms vorgestellt.
Bei dem seit 2019 auf dem Markt befindlichen Card-Mailing-System MAILMASTER der Firma Atlantic Zeiser GmbH, handelt es sich um eine Kleinserienmaschine zur Applizierung von Kunststoffkarten auf Briefen. Nach den ersten Kundeninstallationen soll nun die Reduktion von Montage- und Fertigungskosten erfolgen. Zur Identifizierung von Einsparpotential und bei der Ausarbeitung kostengünstigerer Alternativen werden diverse Methoden des Lean Managements genutzt.
Die Firma TCS möchte einen Klebeprozess für die Tasten einer Klingenanlage automatisieren. Die Anlage hierzu soll, soweit möglich, selbst entwickelt und gefertigt werden. Besonders die Vorteile des 3D-Drucks und Entwicklertools wie Arduino sollen in dem Projekt genutzt werden und zu einer günstigen Lösung führen. Der erste Schritt in Richtung Automatisierung wird durch eine Zuführlösung ermöglicht, die in dieser Arbeit entwickelt, gefertigt und untersucht wird.
Das Ziel des vorliegenden Forschungsprojektes ist
es, ein neues Konzept für ein Messinstrument zu erstellen, um die benötigte Länge von Implantatstäben für die Wirbelsäulenchirurgie ermitteln zu können. Die Implantatstäbe werden genutzt, um Pedikelschrauben in einem Pedikelschraubensystem miteinander zu verbinden. Durch das Konzept soll ermöglicht werden, dass der operierende Arzt die benötigte Implantatlänge bestimmen kann, ohne das vorgesehene Implantat auspacken und erproben zu müssen. Die bisherige single-use-Lösung eines silikonummantelten Aluminium-Probestabes mit entsprechen den Längenmarkierungen soll von dem neu ausgearbeiteten Konzept abgelöst werden. Dafür werden verschiedene Lösungskonzepte erarbeitet und methodisch das geeignetste Konzept gewählt. Für künftige Operationen soll ein Stab aus der Formgedächtnislegierung Nitinol verwendet werden. Der „Probestab“ wird in verschiedenen Längen angeboten (120 mm, 300 mm, 500 mm) und bietet den Vorteil der Mehrfachverwendung. Nachdem der Arzt den Probestab gebogen und als Längenmessinstrument verwendet hat, kann dieser in die Aufbereitung gegeben werden, wo er durch die entstehende Hitze wieder die Ursprungsform erlangt und zum erneuten Einsatz bereit ist.
Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit soll ein Werkstückträger für eine teilautomatisierte Montagelinie einer Spindelbaugruppe entwickelt werden. Hauptaugenmerke bei der Entwicklung liegen auf optimiertem Handling für die Montagearbeiter*innen und sinnvolle Gestaltung der Schnittstellen zur Montagelinie. Durch praktische Versuche und iterative Entwicklungsschritte mittels Testaufbauten aus additiven Fertigungsverfahren kann ein anforderungsgerechter Werkstückträger ausgearbeitet werden.
Diese wissenschaftliche Publikation befasst sich mit dem Aufbau und der Funktionsweise der alternativen
Antriebstechnologie Wasserstoffverbrennungsmotor. Es wird das
Potential dieses Motors hinsichtlich der Klimaziele als Antrieb für PKW und schwere Nutzfahrzeuge untersucht. Dazu wird dieser bezüglich des Wirkungsgrads und der CO2-Bilanz mit den herkömmlichen Antrieben Otto- und Dieselmotor sowie den
weiteren alternativen Antrieben Batterie und Brennstoffzelle
verglichen.
This paper aims to evaluate the European Green Bond market's current state by analyzing the issuer countries, types, and sectors. Moreover, the impact of regulatory developments in the last two years on the market is analyzed. As a basis for discussion, both literature review and qualitative research in the form of a semi-structured interview were conducted. The interviews were held with four market experts to gain insight into the actual market's reaction to the EU Green Bond Standard and the upcoming EU Taxonomy. In detail, the following questions are answered: What is the current state of the European Green Bond Market? How many bonds are currently issued in Europe and in which countries? Which entities are the most active issuers, and to which sectors do they belong? What are the current developments with regards to regulations? How might upcoming regulations affect the market actors? The European green bond market made up 45% of the global market in 2019, dominated by Germany, France, the Netherlands, Sweden, Spain, and Italy. The market is still in its growth phase, with the amount issued nearly doubling each year. With the introduction of an EU Green Bond Standard, detailed standardization and framework is established. It will help issuers to overcome market barriers such as the risk of greenwashing and helps in identifying eligible projects. However, with the alignment of the EU GBS, an entity has to align with the extensive EU Taxonomy as well, which represents entry barriers to else willing corporations. Whether an activity counts as green or not based on thresholds is defined by the classification of economic activities. The thresholds are heavily discussed in the market as either too high and excluding whole sectors from the market or too low and not ambitious enough. The alignment with the EU GBS and thus with the EU Taxonomy is connected to various efforts. Nonetheless, it offers a great chance for the market by emphasizing the need for climate action. Through this, a strong green market can emerge and hopefully impacts the world positively.
Many entrepreneurs are still conducting business today according to the principle "the purpose of business is business". The focus here is primarily placed on the corporation’s profits while human relations within the enterprise are almost completely ignored. Humanity and business are, after all, seen as two mutually exclusive concepts. However, results of studies undertaken by well-known research institutes, such as Gallup, indicate this management style to be inefficient for businesses in the long run as the resulting low emotional bond of employees with their companies generates high costs for organizations.
For this reason, the present paper examines the extent to which humanity and business are really two mutually exclusive ideas and provides an answer to the research question of whether taking a human approach in a business is a crucial factor for its success. In addition, the possible effects resulting through the integration of humanity in business are analyzed.
To provide an answer to the research question, the currently most recent working challenges in organizations as well as their corresponding demands were first worked out. Subsequently, the human being - with a specific focus on human emotions and emotional needs – was closer examined due to its significance in the company. Finally, the possible effects achieved by taking a human approach in a business were presented on the basis of two already human-oriented corporations. All researches were predominantly based on primary sources as well as on the results of a self-conducted qualitative interview.
The results of all investigations clearly suggest that taking a human approach in an organization is a decisive factor for its success. In addition, it was established that human interactions even help enterprises in achieving astonishingly quick and long-lasting financial successes.
It is therefore plain that it is necessary for companies pursuing the goal to be successful in the long-term to break free from the common principle of "the purpose of business is business" and instead be more open to new forms of management, such as "Humanity and Business".
Zur Stabilisierung der Konjunktur im Zuge der Covid-19-Krise hat die Bundesregierung Deutschlands mit der vom 01. Juli bis 31. Dezember 2020 eingeführten temporären Mehrwertsteuersenkung auf ein noch neuartiges konjunkturpolitisches Instrument zurückgegriffen. Dieses ist zentraler Teil eines mit 130 Milliarden dotierten Konjunkturpakets.
Ziel dieser Arbeit ist, die Wirksamkeit zentraler Elemente der Konjunkturpolitik anhand der damit verbundenen Anforderungen zu untersuchen und die Mehrwertsteuersenkung in diesem Kontext auf ihre Eignung zur Konjunkturstimulierung zu überprüfen. Zur empirischen Untersuchung wurden Experteninterviews mit Wirtschaftswissenschaftlern und betroffenen Verbänden durchgeführt. Die ersten richtungsweisenden Erkenntnisse aus den Interviews, Praxisbeispielen und bestehender Theorie zeigen, dass die Mehrwertsteuersenkung zwar zeitnah und temporär umgesetzt werden konnte, jedoch als wenig zielgerichtet und effektiv zu bewerten ist. Der von der Bundesregierung erhoffte Konjunktureffekt ist als gering zu beurteilen und kam Krisengewinnern stärker zu Gute als besonders betroffenen Branchen. Im Kontext der pandemiebedingten Krise wird zudem die grundsätzliche Wirksamkeit nachfrageorientierter Maßnahmen sowie die praktische Handhabung und zeitliche Koordinierung der Mehrwertsteuersenkung kritisch hinterfragt.
In 2013 China's President Xi Jinping announced a new project. In his vision, the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) creates and opens trade routes between China and western countries, mostly the Middle East, Central Asia, Afrika, and Europe, via maritime and land routes. These trade corridors should establish and improve trade relationships often by high investments in the infrastructure.
The motivation behind the initiative is manifold. On the one hand, China wants to become more independent from the Western industrialized countries by building a new economic system. On the other hand, it wants to consolidate and expand its geopolitical influence.
China's state-owned banks have been the largest investors in the Belt and Road Initiative so far, but China has also been able to attract major EU countries such as Germany, France, the UK, and others to jointly establish the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) and invest in BRI projects through it.
Although German companies are hoping to participate in the Belt and Road because they expect significant economic benefits, the German government is refraining from concluding an agreement with China for the time being. The EU is somewhat skeptical about the initiative, but no sanctions or interventions have been taken from its side so far. Yet, the EU is split, and countries such as Greece or Italy have already signed an agreement with China and thus received financial support for their infrastructure.
This bachelor thesis explains the Belt and Road Initiative in detail, tries to highlight the motives behind it and illustrates the impact the Belt and Road Initiative has on Germany and the EU and which implications this has for the German economy.
Die Anforderungen an eingebettete Systeme steigen. Immer mehr Anwendungen mit steigender Komplexität sollen darauf ausgeführt werden, ohne dass der Energiebedarf zu stark zunimmt. Nur durch bessere Hardware lässt sich diese Herausforderung allerdings nicht bewältigen. In dieser Arbeit werden verschiedene Ansätze zur Optimierung eingebetteter Systeme betrachtet. Es werden Optimierungen der Software und der Einsatz rekonfigurierbarer Systeme vorgestellt. Außerdem werden Techniken zur Optimierung des Speichersystems erläutert. Dieses hat einen besonders hohen Anteil am Energieverbrauch eines eingebetteten Systems
Recommender Systems
(2021)
Empfehlungssysteme sind aus dem modernen Web nicht wegzudenken. Für Unternehmen können mit relevanten Empfehlungen enorme Summen an Geschäftswert generiert werden. Für Benutzer wird dabei ein personalisiertes Erlebnis auf der Plattform geboten. In dieser Arbeit werden zunächst die Herausforderungen an Empfehlungssysteme sowie die unterschiedlichen Arten von Algorithmen umrissen. In einem Proof-of-Concept (PoC)werden zwei verfügbare Lösungen – Amazon Personalize und
LibRec – untersucht und bewertet. Grundlage des PoC ist ein offline Wikipedia-Modell, welches eine ausgewählte Untermenge von Artikeln aus unterschiedlichen Kategorien in einem zusammenhängenden Graphen abbildet. Zur Generierung von Daten für das Empfehlungssystem wird der Graph von simulierten Benutzern zufällig durchlaufen. Jeder Nutzer bekommt dabei pro Sitzung eine Lieblingskategorie. Artikel aus dieser Kategorie werden sehr gut bewertet, im Graph weit entfernte Artikel bekommen in dieser Sitzung schlechtere Bewertungen. Das Empfehlungssystem soll die Zugehörigkeit der Artikel zu den Kategorien reproduzieren, ohne explizite Kenntnis der Kategorien zu haben. Als Bewertungskriterium werden für jeden Artikel die besten fünf Empfehlungen des jeweiligen Empfehlungssystems betrachtet. Als Metrik dient dabei der Prozentsatz, wie viele der Empfehlungen zur selben Kategorie gehören, wie der Artikel, für den die Empfehlungen gegeben werden. Amazon Personalize erreicht mit diesem Test eine Präzision von über 95%, LibRec erreicht dabei bis zu 73%.
Smart Glasses sind Brillen mit einem integrierten Computer, welche dem Träger visuell Informationen in das Sichtfeld einfügen und mithilfe von Eyetracking, Gesten- und Sprachsteuerung bedient werden können. Smart Glasses werden bereits heutzutage in vielen verschiedenen Branchen wie Beispielsweise in der Logistik, Bauwirtschaft und Flugzeugwartung eingesetzt, um verschiedene Problemstellungen der Arbeiter zu vereinfachen beziehungsweise diese komplett zu lösen. In der Bauwirtschaft werden diese Beispielsweise benutzt, um Leitungen hinter Wänden und unter den Böden zu visualisieren, um diese beim Bohren nicht zu treffen. Aufgrund der variablen Einsatzmöglichkeiten gewinnen diese auch im medizinischen Kontext immer mehr an Bedeutung. Dieses Paper zeigt auf, wie aktuelle und zukünftige Smart Glasses Technologien in Zukunft im Chirurgischen Kontext eingesetzt werden können, um den Operationsprozess optimieren zu können.
Compared to relational databases, graph database systems provide a novel way of processing and analyzing highly interconnected data. Due to their unique properties, graph databases embody an interesting area of research in academic circles. For this reason, this work is fundamentally concerned with examining the state of the industry and current challenges. In this regard, we revisit the basic concepts and highlight the tremendous heterogeneity of available systems using the example of differing path semantics. Based on this insight, we explore algorithmic advancements for graph query processing regarding path finding and worst-case optimal joins. Subsequently, we discuss issues regarding performance and support for graph analytics. Finally, we provide an overview of GQL, a joint standardization effort towards unification of property graph databases.
Akka Cluster
(2021)
Akka Cluster ist ein Framework, das die Entwicklung verteilter Systeme ermöglicht. In dieser Arbeit wird der Funktionsumfang von Akka Cluster untersucht, ein Teilbereich des Frameworks Akka. Gegenstand der Analyse ist ein einfacher, mit Akka aufgesetzter Cluster, um anschließend Funktionen wie Singletons, Sharding, verteilte Daten und Mechanismen zur Fehlertoleranz zu untersuchen. Dabei wird auch versucht, unter die Abstraktionsschicht zu schauen, die Akka Cluster bietet. Dies gibt unter anderem ein klareres Bild, wie umfangreich die Entwicklung verteilter Systeme ist. Durch Monitoring soll anschließend ein Überblick über einen Cluster gegeben werden, welcher über eine REST-Schnittstelle auch anderweitig verwaltet werden kann.
Vernetzte Systeme in Fahrzeugen dienen vor allem
der Erhöhung der Sicherheit, Effizienz und dem Komfort im Straßenverkehr sowie der Reduzierung der Umweltbelastung. Ein Beispiel hierfür bietet das sogenannte eCall-System, welches seit März 2018 in allen Neuwägen verpflichtend verbaut werden muss. Dabei setzt das System nach einem Verkehrsunfall einen automatisierten Notruf ab, bei welchem Daten zum Standort, zur Uhrzeit, zur Fahrtrichtung sowie zur Fahrzeugbeschreibung übermittelt werden. Anhand der dadurch resultierenden Erhöhung der Reaktionszeit der Einsatzkräfte um 40 Prozent bis 50 Prozent, können sowohl Menschenleben gerettet als auch eine schnellere Behandlung an Verletzten durchgeführt werden. Trotz der schnelleren Reaktionszeiten ist die Anzahl an verletzten und getöteten Personen im Straßenverkehr annäherungsweise konstant geblieben. Daher stellt sich zunehmend die Frage, ob bestimmte Arten von Verkehrsunfällen, wie z.B. Unfälle
aufgrund von Alkoholeinfluss oder Sekundenschlaf, mit Unfallpräventionssystemen verhindert werden können. Hierzu stellt dieses Paper ein Konzept in Form eines UseCase- und Aktivitätsdiagrammes dar, bei welchem die Überwachung der Vitaldaten mit Hilfe von Biosensoren in das bereits existierende e-Call-System integriert wird. Dabei werden zu Beginn dieses Papers die theoretischen Grundlagen erläutert. Im Anschluss daran werden psychische und physische Faktoren im Straßenverkehr sowie die Messung dieser mit Hilfe von Vitaldaten aufgezeigt. Daraufhin wird das Prinzip des Gehörgangsensor erörtert,der als Grundlage zur Bearbeitung des Konzeptes dient. Nachfolgend wird das Konzept aufgezeigt und erläutert. Am Ende dieses Papers werden die wesentlichen Ergebnisse in prägnanter Form dargestellt und im Anschluss kritisch hinterfragt.
Weite Bereiche der Softwareentwicklung werden
bereits heute durch diverse Werkzeuge unterstützt und teilweise automatisiert. Eine Verbesserung dieser Automatisierung soll dazu führen, dass die Entwicklung schneller und kosteneffizienter wird und eine höhere Qualität aufweist. Durch stetig steigende Forschungsarbeit im Bereich der künstlichen Intelligenz kann auch die werkzeugunterstützte Softwareentwicklung (engl. computer-aided software engineering, CASE) profitieren, indem bereits gängige Automatisierungsschritte durch den Einsatz neuer Methoden stark verbessert werden. Auch können sich durch diese Forschung neue Möglichkeiten ergeben, weitere Aufgaben während der Entwicklung zu automatisieren. Diese Verbesserungen und neuen Möglichkeiten sollen in dieser Ausarbeitung erklärt und gegebenenfalls genauer untersucht werden. In Tests, die im Rahmen dieser Ausarbeitung durchgeführt wurden, hat sich das Potential einiger Werkzeuge gezeigt, jedoch auch, dass sich die meisten Werkzeuge auf die KI-gestützte Verbesserung bereits verbreiteterWerkzeuge beschränken und damit nur wenig zu einer Automatisierung des kompletten Prozesses beitragen. Außerdem hat sich mit dem sog. Data Poisoning neues Gefahrenpotential herausgestellt.
Plötzliches Unvermögen ist strategisches Thema und Meilenstein auf der Euro-NCAP Roadmap für das Jahr 2025. Diese Arbeit widmet sich der Frage nach der Umsetzbarkeit und rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen kamerabasierter Innenraumüberwachung im Hinblick auf die Erkennung plötzlichen Unvermögens durch Myokardinfarkt. Nach einleitender Definition des Terminus „Plötzliches Unvermögen/Sudden Sickness“ erfolgt eine Übersicht der NCAP Anforderungen sowie ein Überblick über den aktuellen Forschungs- und Entwicklungsstand. Im Folgenden wird auf Anforderungen aus Verbraucher- und Datenschutzsicht eingegangen. Schwerpunkt dieses Papers bildet die Erstellung, Umsetzung und Bewertung von Use Cases zur Erkennung einer Sudden Sickness durch Myokardinfarkt. Abschließend werden offene Forschungsfragen erläutert. Ein experimentelles Beispielsystem wurde exemplarisch umgesetzt und evaluiert. Die wesentlichen Erkenntnisse dieses Prototypen waren, dass besonderer Fokus/Aufmerksamkeit gelegt werden muss auf die Leistungsfähigkeit der Zielhardware, insbesondere im Hinblick auf Echtzeitanforderungen.
Diese Arbeit behandelt mehrere Konzepte zur Leistungsbewertung von eingebetteten und Echtzeitsystemen. Das Ermitteln von oberen Zeitschranken, insbesondere der schlechtesten Ausführungszeit, lässt sich durch Verwendung von Zeitanalysen realisieren, wobei zwischen statischen und messbasierten Zeitanalysemethoden unterschieden wird. Für die Gesamtbewertung des Systems ist Benchmarking eine geeignete Methode, um wichtige Zeitparameter zu messen und diese ggf. in den Vergleich mit anderen Systemen zu setzen. Der Einsatz von Simulationen zur eistungsbewertung erweist sich als besonders sinnvoll, wenn die Kosten eines Fehlers unakzeptabel hoch sind oder die Validierung mit der Realkomponente unpraktikabel ist und somit Qualitätsmaßnahmen durch fr¨uhzeitige Validierung
benötigt werden.
Wikipedia is the largest free encyclopedia and one of the most popular websites worldwide. Analyzing user activity within this encyclopedic ecosystem represents unique opportunities for academic research and analysis. For this reason, this work is fundamentally concerned with obtaining and processing real-time article edit streams from Wikipedia. In this regard, we leverage the Wikimedia EventStreams API and propose a general-purpose event pipeline allowing for further processing of observed page edits. In the suggested pipeline, events are ingested and transported via an Apache Kafka cluster and inserted into a ClickHouse database for storage and analysis. Finally, we confirm the viability of our design by exploring several exemplary analytical use cases.
The longevity industry has been expanding for several years now, with the goal to prolong not only the lifespan of people but also their healthspan. One of the most remarkable techniques in the field is the CRISPR Cas-9 gene-editing tool, which owing to its flexibility and efficiency, allows humans to develop new treatments to prevent or cure a great variety of diseases. This paper aims to forecast the future state of the CRISPR Cas-9 technology in Germany in 2035 by using the INKA 4 scenario manager software. A total of five areas of influence –– i.e. scientific, economic, demographic, ethical, and legal –– were identified. From those, 11 descriptors were created based on relevant scientific literature and were introduced in the INKA software to develop the scenarios. This process resulted in three clearly differentiated scenarios that exhibit high probabilities of a positive outlook for the CRISPR-Cas9 technology in Germany by 2035.
Das Ziel des vorliegenden Forschungsprojektes war es, eine kostengünstige, aber effektive und flexible Automatisierungsmaßnahme für Fräsbauteile einzurichten. Dadurch sollte der Mitarbeiter entlastet und für anderweitige Tätigkeiten eingesetzt werden, um durch diesen Aspekt zeitgleich Kosten einzusparen. Zudem musste die Lösung für zukünftige Optimierungen und Veränderungen an der Maschine ausgelegt sein. Durchgeführt wurde das Forschungsprojekt an einer 3-Achs CNC-Fräsmaschine (Chiron Mill 2000). Die Automatisierung bezieht sich auf die Entnahme von unterschiedlich langen Werkstücken (76 bis 400 mm), deren Abtransport aus dem Maschinenumfeld sowie das Nachschieben des Rohmaterials. Um eine zielgerechte Lösung zu finden, wurden Methoden wie der morphologische Kasten herangezogen. Es entstand eine einfach handhabbare und kosteneffiziente Lösung mit einem Transportband, einem pneumatisch beaufschlagten Spindelgreifer und einem profilgenauen, konstruiertem auf den Greifer montierbaren Fingerpaar. Mit dem Forschungsprojekt wurde eine deutliche Steigerung der Eingriffszeit durch einen Mitarbeiter ermöglicht, wobei aber die Prozesszeit für einen Zyklus angestiegen ist. Zudem konnten die Kosten für die Produktion der Bauteile deutlich gesenkt werden. Durch die Automatisierungslösung konnte der Werker von monotonen Arbeitsgängen befreit und für stärker wertschöpfende Tätigkeiten gewonnen werden.
Die additive Fertigung von Bauteilen aus Kunststoff bietet einige Vorteile gegenüber der klassischen Fertigung durch Spritzguss. Da das Herstellungsverfahren jedoch einen großen Einfluss auf die mechanischen Eigenschaften eines Bauteiles hat, wird in dieser Untersuchung das anisotrope Verhalten von Polyamid, das durch FDM verarbeitet wird, analysiert und dem Spritzguss gegenübergestellt. Des Weiteren wird auf der Grundlage der Ermittlung von Materialkennwerten im Zugversuch ein FEM-Modell aufgebaut. Dadurch wird eine Möglichkeit zur Vorhersage der Verformungen von anisotropen, additiv gefertigten Bauteilen geschaffen.
The present research sought to deepen the debates about how the collector of recyclable material, a subject that has built his political resistance in the Brazilian scenario from the process of re-signification of garbage and his profession. Its empowerment observed from the end of the 20th century was concomitant with the growth of environmental discussions and the strengthening of the solidarity economy as an alternative for economic emancipation in Brazil. In this context, the individual who used to live on the margins of society established himself as a fundamental factor in the recycling chain and became an environmental agent. The question that guided the investigation was "how has the pandemic influenced waste pickers' solidarity organizations, given their challenges and opportunities?". In this context, two specific objectives were determined to be answered in the course of the research. The first sought to understand the relationship between the solidarity economy and the formation of waste picker collectives; the second aimed to identify the challenges and opportunities that could arise from these solidarity organizations' experiences. A vast theoretical analysis was conducted to understand the
foundations of the Solidarity Economy, an alternative to the informal economy and a form of economic empowerment especially considered for vulnerable populations, as a
way to include them economically. Using the case study of Belo Horizonte, a city with a history of alternative economic expressions and strengthened waste pickers' movements, we approached various actors of the recycling chain through qualitative research, using
the in-depth interviews approach.
Among other findings, the research noted that one of the greatest challenges of the post-pandemic Solidarity Economy is related to the expansion of the capitalist market to areas traditionally aggregated by the Solidarity Economy, because they were previously considered to be on the “margins of society”. However, these threats also
give room for opportunities, from responses that reinforce the legitimacy of cooperatives and associations, through their contractual adequacy with the City Hall for
the payment of the environmental service rendered, disconnected from the number of solid waste collected. We have learned that in the daily struggles and achievements of
the waste pickers, challenges and opportunities go hand in hand.
The topic of traditional fashion retailers fighting for their position against growing e-commerce suppliers has been omnipresent in recent years. Therefore, it is important to understand what possibilities modern technology and innovation has to offer, and how these innovative technologies can be leveraged to achieve traditional brick-and-mortar-retailer’s goal of staying relevant and competitive.
The objective of this thesis is to examine and compare the effectiveness of different in-store digitalization concepts and technologies in retail organisations, analyzing different challenges such as the practical implementation in stores, customer adoption and acceptance factors in context of socio-demographic, and measuring the success of the concepts. Also, the current situation will be explored to see what is already being done today and where there is more potential using different approaches and technologies. For this purpose, a variety of studies, papers and other literature will be analyzed and put into context with the research topic.
Concluding the thesis, we find that all technologies and its practical applications affect relevant variables in different models such as TAM, the convenience/social presence model, and the customer decision-making process. Besides that, the socio-demographic variables geography, age and gender all influence adoption and readiness towards technology to a certain extent. Finally, we give examples on how the technologies can influence classic fashion retail KPIs.
Change from face-to-face to online mode of lectures due to the Covid-19 pandemic affected greatly the day-to-day life of students of Hochschule Furtwangen University. Therefore, this research paper aims to find out how student productivity has been affected by switching from face-to-face lectures to online or hybrid lectures. In this context, student productivity is defined through input and output, where input is students' time invested in lectures, research, group work, learning, and participation in class, and where output comes from the knowledge that the student has acquired as a result, measured by the grades of the examination or study performance. Hypothesis that the switch from face-to-face lectures to hybrid or fully online lectures has led to an increase in student productivity was formed for this research paper and for that reason, empirical research was conducted. Interviews with several students were performed to identify dimensions affecting student productivity as the basis for the student survey. Dimensions identified are Learning Facilities, Technology Use, Interaction Process, Student Participation and Study Time. The survey was conducted with a random sample of 149 students and analysed using SPSS software. Interviews with HFU professors were carried out to present experts’ opinions on this topic. Lastly, the grade statistics of HFU programmes were analysed to identify output of productivity. Results of the student survey suggest that a total of four dimensions were identified as relevant components of the input and output of the productivity of the students at HFU in connection with the change of the lecture mode, while the dimension Learning Facilities did not show a correlation to the student productivity. Grade statistics improved in winter semester 2020/2021 compared to the winter semester 2019/2020. Expert interviews suggested that the improvement in grades could be attributed to more time spent studying or lower standards of grading. Main hypothesis cannot be completely accepted or rejected, therefore, future research on whether students’ productivity increased in the switch from face-to-face to online mode is necessary.
The purpose of the study is to identify the profile of a start-up founder. In particular, it investigates whether there are some determined personality characteristics which are common among start-up founders. The present paper is questioning which neuropsychological traits and brain areas are responsible for entrepreneurial behavior. Therefore, the main focus was on the correlation between brain areas and individual attitudes or behaviors. After explaining the related basics about the human brain, it is important to locate some key tasks or activities in specific brain regions. Neuroimaging tools such as fMRI and EEG are particularly helpful to explain the reason for specific behaviors because they determine the presence of connection between cognitive processes and brain areas. In the present paper, EEG will be taken into consideration since this method can provide some practical insight into differences between entrepreneurs and non-entrepreneurs. The most important characteristics of entrepreneurs are defined in order to show theoretically whether there is a fundamental difference between entrepreneurs and non-entrepreneurs on a neuropsychological level. Even though there are elements which are emphasized in the personality of start-up founders, further research is required to prove that these aspects determine indisputably entrepreneurial behavior.
Die bisherige Forschung zu nachhaltigen und sozial verantwortlichen Investitionen konnte finanzielle, nichtfinanzielle und soziale Einflussfaktoren für die Investitionsentscheidung nachweisen. Ziel dieser Arbeit war die Identifikation der wichtigsten Motiven und Barrieren, die junge Menschen in Deutschland beim Investieren wahrnehmen. Dafür wurde eine Umfrage mit 354 Teilnehmern, die zwischen 18 und 25 Jahre alt waren, durchgeführt. Es wurden Daten zu neun Motiven und elf Barrieren erhoben. Entgegen der Annahme, dass nichtfinanzielle Motive überwiegen, zeigen die Ergebnisse, dass junge Menschen vor allem an einen Trend von nachhaltigen und sozial verantwortlichen Geldanlagen glauben und davon profitieren möchten. Junge Menschen sind demnach vom Wachstum des Marktes überzeugt. Als wichtigste Barriere wurde Informationsdefizite der Anleger angenommen. Die Erkenntnisse aus der Studie zeigen jedoch, dass für junge Menschen die Intransparenz der Anlagen die relevanteste Barriere darstellt. Unternehmen, Anbieter und regulierende Marktteilnehmer sollten, um das Wachstum des Marktes zu fördern, Maßnahmen einleiten, die diese Barriere abbaut.
Do Meat-Eating Consumers Use Organic Meat to Rationalize the Consumption of Conventional Meat?
(2021)
This thesis explores how meat-eating consumers may be able to rationalize the consumption of conventional meat by believing to substitute a certain amount of it for organic meat. The underlying rationale is that the positive associations elicited by the organic label and the favorable beliefs consumers have formed about organic meat enable them to use it as a moral license. Building on cognitive dissonance theory, this work specifically investigated whether (1) meat-eaters perceive organic meat better than vegetarians and (2) meat-eaters overestimate how much organic meat they consume. German meat-eating and vegetarian participants were recruited for a study (n=156) to answer these questions. The results show, first, that organic was generally rated as better than conventional meat on all dimensions surveyed, and to a greater extent by meat-eating than by vegetarian respondents. Second, meat-eating participants on average reported estimates of organic meat consumption that were significantly higher than the population mean, indicating that consumers may not eat as much organic meat as they believe. Overall, the findings of this study suggest that organic meat might be used to rationalize unsustainable food choices.
Sustainability, encompassing the economy, the environment, and society in equal parts, is an increasingly prominent topic that is gaining in importance and awareness due to the climate crisis and the resulting urgent need for action. It is essential to simultaneously focus on the global and on the local scale in order to create a paradigm shift. This study addresses the attitude-behavior gap of employees in the daily operations within companies and evaluates how nudges can be implemented to narrow this gap. A literature review was conducted to understand the separate topics of sustainability, the attitude-behavior gap, and nudging. Based on these three topics and their interrelation, exemplary nudges on habits and on infrastructure to be applied in a company and modified to its needs are developed. The method of implementation of nudges cannot be generalized because (1) attitudes and behavior and their interrelation are individual and influenceable factors and (2) the corporate context and how nudges are communicated impact the effectiveness of the interventions. Investing in internal sustainability practices in combination with indispensable external practices leads companies to a holistic, authentic, and successful approach towards becoming a sustainable business.
Keywords: Attitude-Behavior Gap, Nudging, Corporate sustainability
The purpose of this study is to diffuse knowledge about the limited roles women still play in Nigeria, as opposed to the roles they could be playing if they were to be empowered,
especially in terms of local and national security. The research questions examined the different ways in which women in Nigeria are suffering the omnipresence of patriarchal beliefs and the norms they entail, which interviews with a sample of nine Nigerian women have testified for. It further analyzed the possible interdependence between patriarchy and insecurity levels, and how empowering women could help building peace in the region. Three experts on the topic were interviewed, and testified for this correlation between women and security, while also pointing out the need for governmental support in terms of financing and policing this inclusion of women. The paper finally proposes a set of recommendations to the different stakeholders of Nigeria, from the civil society and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) to the Government itself, on how to reach empowerment and peacebuilding in a sustainable way. Structured mainly on the social and cultural determinants of women’s roles in Nigeria, the study revealed that such determinants need political and legislative will if they are to improve. There is an urgent need for the Nigerian Government to take responsibility for the insecurity the country is facing and acknowledge how this insecurity is curbing any improvement towards both women empowerment and peacebuilding at the national and regional levels. Some of the recommendations include the promotion of dialogue among stakeholders, the implementation of sport programs to diffuse values of tolerance and empowerment, and the alteration of discourse around women and girls to change the conceptualization of power and therefore the roles they play in the society.
Die vorliegende Bachelor-Thesis beschäftigt sich mit der Täuschung auf maschinellem Lernen basierender Schadsoftwareerkennung unter realitätsnahen Bedingungen.
Neben der detaillierten Betrachtung des Forschungsgegenstandes werden hierfür, die vom aktuellen Forschungsstand hervorgebrachten Angriffe, hinsichtlich des Effektivitätskriteriums der Über- tragbarkeit auf zum Angriffszeitpunkt unbekannte Modelle, evaluiert und ein speziell für diese Bedingungen konzipierter, iterativer Ensemble-Ansatz zur Generierung von übertragbaren Adversarial Examples vorgestellt.
Die aus den Untersuchungen stammenden Ergebnissen zeigen, dass die Leistung herkömmlicher Verfahren, unter wirklichkeitsnahen Bedingungen oder im Einsatz gegen kommerzielle Produkte, stark abnimmt. Weitere Erkenntnisse der Forschung umfassen den Ausschluss eines linearen Zusammenhanges zwischen verfügbarem Wissen und Evasionserfolg, die Steigerung der Übertragbarkeit durch Zunahme der Ensemblegröße sowie die Einsatzfähigkeit der entwickelten Methodik gegen kommerzielle Antivirus Produkte.
Die Inhalte der vorliegenden Thesis verfolgen dabei einen rein edukatorischen Ansatz, der durch das Aufdecken von sicherheitsrelevanten Schwachstellen als Handlungsimpuls für Betreiber kommerzieller Antivirus-Lösungen dienen und nicht zum Begehen von Straftaten animieren soll.
Der Frauenanteil in den Führungsetagen der deutschen Wirtschaft stagniert seit Jahren auf einem niedrigen Niveau und spiegelt nicht im Entferntesten den Anteil weiblicher Beschäftigter wider (vgl. Tonn 2016, S. 11). Vor allem im Top-Management sind Frauen deutlich unterrepräsentiert. Die Grundannahme dieser Bachelorarbeit besteht darin, dass Frauen grundsätzlich motiviert sind, Führung zu übernehmen und die gleichen Potentiale wie Männer besitzen. Um eine Führungsposition einzunehmen, müssen die Rahmenbedingungen passen. Aufgrund biologischer Unterschiede und der Sozialisation präferieren Frauen andere Rahmenbedingungen als Männer. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die Frage untersucht, was sich aus Sicht der Frauen verändern müsste, damit sie ihr Potential entfalten können. Dazu wurden 50 weibliche Probandinnen aus unterschiedlichen Branchen befragt. Die systematische Betrachtung der Aussagen ergab im Wesentlichen folgende sieben Aspekte: Gestaltungsfreiheit, Unterstützung zu Beginn und in der Führungsposition, Vertrauen, eine gute Feedback- und Fehlerkultur, die Vereinbarkeit mit dem Privatleben, Menschlichkeit im Fokus und attraktive Anreize. Des Weiteren konnten durch die Ergebnisse Handlungsoptionen abgeleitet werden, um strukturelle und kulturelle Rahmenbedingungen zu gestalten, die talentierten und motivierten Frauen einen einfacheren Zugang zu mehr Führungsverantwortung verschaffen.
Patient engagement is the most important element in the process of research/development of medicinal products and healthcare management in today’s times. In a country like India which has a huge population and limited state of regulatory affairs it becomes important to walk the extra mile to protect the patient lives and truly serve them. Time and again it is seen that there is no or limited focus on patient centric processes and we still tend to focus on sponsors as the key stakeholder.
The author in this thesis aims to focus on the clinical trial landscape of India and determine if there is a need to improve the clinical trial processes. If yes, then what type of change is the audience looking for.
The author tries to introduce the human element in the process and remind us all that it is the ‘patients’ who are the centre for the drug development process and serving them and alleviating their pain in the true purpose of the process.
The author along with the helping us find a definition of patient centricity in India, also proposes a model that can be used by the Indian pharmaceutical companies to focus on patient centricity at different stages of the drug development cycle within their organisations.d
Many companies are struggling with the decision of whether they should invest resources in the new app TikTok to communicate and develop their employer brand. Therefore, this thesis addresses, the question: Should German companies invest in TikTok as an employer branding tool? As this topic is not well researched yet, this work is based on individual opinions of HR professionals and opinions on the internet. There is no scientific verification of the accuracy of the statements made in this paper.
To answer this question, interviews with 14 German HR experts have been conducted. Afterwards, the interviews have been summarized and evaluated. The results show that the answer to the research question depends on several factors.
TikTok is considered as a suitable tool if the company’s DNA correspond to that of the application and if enough personal resources are available. Also, if the target group and their needs match the young audience and if the company has already gained experiences on social media. Furthermore, the uploaded content should be authentic and involve motivated representatives of the target group (age 16 to 24). The company must give those employees full support, trust and freedom. Nevertheless, they should also invest in their training and let them know what is desired. The content on TikTok should be informative, short, in the language of the audience and the company should act as an adviser. Employer branding content should be published infrequently and only once a community has been built. The app should be understood as an awareness channel and it should not be expected to bring many applicants immediately. Firms should weigh the positive and negative sides and use the above factors to decide whether TikTok fits their own company.
The success of TikTok can be explained, for example, due to the dopamine release when watching videos on social media and the complex algorithm behind the app, which filters only relevant videos for the individual preferences of each user. Moreover, other hormones such as adrenalin and oxytocin are released, as well. The variety of sounds available and the possibility to share the content with other social media platforms, could also lead to a high popularity of the app. The short videos are favorable for the short attention span of social media users and not often being interrupted by any comments or advertisements makes watching TikTok videos fun.
Die Firma XYZ benötigt einen neu entwickelten Tragarm für die folgende Generation der Schweißzange. Die Konzeption und Entwicklung des Tragarms findet unter den Gesichtspunkten der Fertigungs- und Montagekosten, sowie Nutzerfreundlichkeit und Design statt. Die Nutzerfreundlichkeit und das Design wird mit Hilfe des aktuellen Tragarms und einer Benchmarkanalyse optimiert. Die Benchmarkanalyse zeigt dabei die unterschiedlichen Ansätze der am Markt existierenden Produkte. Die Bewertung der Konzepte findet mit Hilfe einer Nutzwertanalyse statt. Durch die gewichteten Ergebnisse und Interviews mit den Projektbetreuern können Schwachstellen aufgedeckt und weitere Optimierungsmöglichkeiten gefunden werden. Die Konstruktion wird mit analytischen Methoden zur Berechnung und Auslegung ergänzt. Das Ergebnis ist ein Tragarm, dessen Reichweite und Arbeitsraum den Kundenbedürfnissen entspricht. Unter Berücksichtigung der Tragfähigkeit, Kippsicherheit und Nutzerfreundlichkeit weist der Tragarm ein eigenständiges Design mit Kippmechanismus auf, welches eine stufenlose Anpassung des Arbeitsraumes ermöglicht.
Die derzeitige Kühlkreisregelung einer bestehenden Drehmaschinenbaureihe, welche ein kontinuierliches Erwärmen der Werkzeugspindel während der Bearbeitung nicht verhindern kann, wurde im Rahmen dieser Projektarbeit optimiert. Hierbei verkürzt die neue Kühlkreisregelung der Werkzeugspindel sowohl die Warmlaufphase und gewährleistet gleichzeitig eine gleichbleibende Temperatur der Komponenten bei der Bearbeitung der Werkstücke. Dies sorgt für eine konstante Spitzenhöhe der Spindel sowie des Reitstockes über mehrere Betriebsstunden hinweg. Auch die Kühlung des Hydrauliköls wurde optimiert, sodass dieses deutlich schneller als bisher auf Betriebstemperatur erwärmt und anschließend konstant gehalten werden kann.
Das Streben des Menschen nach persönlichem Wohlbefinden steigt mit dem Wohlstand – die aktuelle Pandemiezeit wirkt hier stark beschleunigend. Den Traum von einem eigenen Wellnessbereich im privaten Heim erfüllen sich immer mehr Privatpersonen.
In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde der Geschäftsprozess der Saunafertigung untersucht. Dabei lag der Fokus der Analyse auf den einzelnen Prozessschritten des Fertigungsprozesses hinsichtlich Zeit, Material, Maschine und Mensch. Die herausgearbeiteten Optimierungsansätze orientieren sich dabei an dem magischen Dreieck und der Digitalisierung.
Es zeigte sich, dass viele Prozessschritte noch händisch und in Papierform durchgeführt werden. Der technisch bereits mögliche Einsatz von digitalbasierten Schritten ist nicht in vollem Umfang ausgeschöpft. Für eine effiziente zukunftsorientierte Prozessgestaltung ist die weitere Digitalisierung unerlässlich.