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The thesis introduces a case study research presenting the transfer pricing problem of a selected MNE. Hereby, the researcher derives an appropriate method for the case and concludes with a comparison of theory and practice. The theoretical part of the thesis evaluates existing transfer pricing methods as explained by the OECD, Germany and the USA. The second part is about the choice of the research methodology, case study research and expert interview.
The third part first introduces the case study, analyzes a theoretical framework of the transfer pricing process and evaluates the existing transfer pricing methods, which allows for the derivation of the most appropriate transfer pricing method for the case. The fourth part concludes the research by applying the derived transfer pricing method, the Cost Plus Method, to the particular case study. By combining theoretical and practical approaches, a solution to the problem is determined.
Today’s workplace is composed of three different generations, which are considered to be substantially different from each other. Popular press and academics defend that neglecting to address these differences can generate negative organizational outcomes. Therefore, there is a growing body of research recommending generational specific practices to minimize the effects of generational differences in organizations. Nevertheless, not every practice tends to be based on empirical evidence on generational differences, which raises doubts about its effectiveness. The goal of this paper is to propose reverse mentoring as a practice to help organizations understand and manage generational differences better. To achieve this goal, a summary of published secondary data on empirical evidence of generational differences in the workplace was gathered, and the findings were linked to the function/outcomes of reverse mentoring, which allowed for the practice to be recommended based on substantial empirical evidence. Moreover, primary qualitative research was gathered through interviews to support the findings. Despite the limitations encountered, reverse mentoring is proved to be a long-term beneficial tool to understand and manage generational differences in the workplace.
The MENA region workplace represents a strong glass ceiling for women who wish to climb the corporate ladder and reach higher managerial and leadership positions. To succeed, a woman must face deeply-embedded cultural and societal norms, which puts her in an inferior and dependent situation.
This issue is growing in importance and has only started to be covered by studies for the MENA Region, hence the purpose and contribution of this paper. This thesis will shed a light on the limitations encountered, as well as on success factors shaping the career development of these women. By recurring both to secondary and primary data, the discovery of unknown barriers will be possible. Moreover, it will discuss Entrepreneurship as an eventual alternative to independently overcoming the glass ceiling. The conclusion will look at modernization as a progress factor for the professional success of these leaders.
Globalisation and technological advancements over the last decade have changed the way that business organisations operate. In response to these developments many companies have opted for a global strategy which usually entails a form of standardisation. This thesis will focus on standardisation of human resources software. There are many articles and journals on the field of human resources management, the impact of technology of human resources and standardisation of processes in general but very little literature on standardisation of human resources software despite the huge role that it plays in supporting global HR strategy.
Using mainly qualitative research and primary first-hand experience this thesis will look into the factors affecting standardisation of human resources software. The assumption is that standardisation of HR software is the only option for global strategy and that it will increase efficiency, reduce costs and create other benefits for an organisation.
The research shows that when technical and non-technical factors are not equally considered standardisation of HR software is likely to take longer than intended and according to the measurements put in place it may fail completely or the perceived benefits are not fully realised. Additionally, constant technological innovations could redefine standardisation and the role of HR software in an organisation.
The present study examines stock split announcements with regard to the semi-strong form of the efficient market hypothesis. Daily security price data and a sample of 262 stock split announcements observed on the New York Stock Exchange during the ten-year period from January 2006 to December 2015 are applied on parametric as well as nonparametric tests. The test results provide empirical evidence in favor of the semi-strong form of market efficiency. This implies that the marketplace immediately and efficiently reacts to stock split announcements by adjusting security prices. Therefore, it is not possible to generate significant abnormal returns by trading on the information content implicit in stock split announcements.
The creation of a positive organizational culture has become of increasing interest during the past decades. Various studies have assessed the impact of organizational culture and employee satisfaction in relation to individual and organizational performance. A cross-comparison of these studies is difficult, as the results strongly depend on the definition of the investigated variables. Additionally, the concept of organizational culture remains a unique concept within the group and is influenced by the respective organizational structures and processes.
Therefore, this bachelor thesis attempts to investigate the concept of organizational culture and its determinants in general, as well as making the case of the critical im-portance of organizational culture, specifically for the company MS Plastic Welders, LLC (MSPW).
In this context, to form a comprehensive analysis and theoretical framework, secondary data was examined. In line with the qualitative findings, the application of a descriptive employee survey at MSPW intended to examine the employees’ perceptions towards their job satisfaction and the overall working environment. The aim of the study was to uncover the main areas for improvement, forming the basis of leading a positive culture change. Following the survey, conclusions about the organizational culture at MSPW were drawn and put into perspective in the form of recommendations for the company. The survey results indicated that the company needs to communicate a clear organizational mission and additionally needs to determine and communicate their organizational values, in order to clearly direct the employees’ mindsets, behavior and actions. After determining the organizational direction, the internal structures and processes need to be aligned to support the desired behavior patterns and in order to enhance the long-term organizational performance perspectives through positive culture change.
For a long time, car sharing has been known as a niche market, not able to attract a significant number of people. The cause of this has not only been car sharing services being inflexible with their offers, but also the high societal value of owning a car. Today, car sharing is more flexible with its offers and enjoys a rising popularity within the Federal Republic of Germany. A steadily increasing number of citizens is registered with local car sharing providers. This trend represents one of the many sub-categories resulting from the sharing economy, which stands for community consumption. Instead of owning an object, the customer pursues the objective of temporary use. Using an online survey as well as expert interviews, this thesis investigates if car sharing has an impact on car ownership. In addition, this research aims to find out if and how the endowment effect, which describes the phenomenon of people valuing something higher that they own than something they do not own, impacts the connection between car sharing and car ownership. Results suggest that a low degree of psychological ownership potentially could lead to a higher tendency to select a car sharing vehicle over a private vehicle. Relevant factors, as suggested by research results, are price and convenience. This implies that the endowment effect and the related factors should be taken into consideration when trying to establish car sharing services and reach customer groups, which have not been reachable so far.
This bachelor thesis deals with the changing qualification requirements caused by In-dustry 4.0 and provides an overview of the current qualifications of employees and the accompanying future training measures to improve their qualifications, using Daimler and its strategies as an example. The results regarding necessary future qualifications are derived from an extensive literature research as well as an employee survey and qualitative expert interviews. Previous studies depict that due to Industry 4.0 and the transformation from internal combustion engines to electrical engines many current job positions are dissolving, but in return new fields of work are being created. Conse-quently, to see what challenges companies and employees will face in the future, the-oretical concepts were described and analyzed. As theoretical basis the resource-based, competence based and knowledge-based view as well as the strategic leader-ship approach were chosen, which explain how companies grant their competitive ad-vantage and future success. Afterwards, the theoretical foundations were applied to the resources, competences, knowledge and leadership styles relevant to Industry 4.0. In addition, the company, which served as the research object, was presented with its business units, departments and strategies. Conclusively, the results state that it is necessary and possible to invest primarily in basic knowledge using further training measures. Additionally, more intensive communication is required for the effi-cient implementation of the company's strategy. Lastly, recommendations regarding training measures to increase competences, limitations and further measures are dis-cussed.
The changes between Taiwan and China since 1979 have closer both countries in many aspects. This study seeks for evidence proving the impact of cross-strait political events on Taiwan Stock Market. Major events from 1995 to 2017 are identified and examined with event study using market model and both parametric and non-parametric test. By defining 19 events into two groups- Good news and Bad news, the results present significant abnormal returns on event day [0] or after. This suggests that there is significant impact of cross-strait political events on Taiwan Stock Market. Moreover, due to the limited amount of events, this study can only weakly support that Taiwan Stock Market is semi-strong form.
For investors, it is common to have a look at the annual reports of the company of interest, before making an investment decision. But looking at the numerical data in isolation is not sufficient to get an impression on how the firm will develop in the future and if the investment might generate an appropriate return.
In this bachelor thesis, an approach to incorporate industry factors in the traditional financial statement analysis is tested. The structure-conduct-performance paradigm is used to justify the importance of the industry for a company’s performance. By identifying the critical success factors of the industry via a 5-forces and PEST analysis, and measuring the firms’ performance on this basis, a more comprehensive picture of a company can be drawn.
This method will be applied on the tire manufacturing industry, with Michelin and Bridgestone as examples, and the IT-service industry with Atos and Adesso.
The results of the analysis have shown that by regarding the industry CSF in the analysis, varying aspects besides the financials were taken into account, adding significant value to the analysis. After having identified trends and developments in the industry, it was also possible to better evaluate the financial performance of a company in the light of challenges that all firms of the industry will face in the next periods. With this new perspective, the possible future performance can be predicted more reliably.