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The relation between Frugal Innovation and Sustainability is a widely discussed topic in current academic literature. To assess the correlation between these two concepts, a sample of the most frequently mentioned Frugal Innovations was selected. The criteria to evaluate the sustainability potential for each of these cases was built upon the UN Sustainable Development Goals, a global reference indicator. Frugal Innovations among the banking, transport, energy, ICT, water, appliances and healthcare sectors were evaluated. The results suggested a positive contribution and impact of Frugal Innovations towards economic, social and environmental development.
The notion of frugal innovation or how to do more with less becomes increasingly relevant in a world which faces many severe health care challenges. In general, frugal innovations have the potential to provide low-cost, simple, and valuable solutions to these challenges. Therefore, this research aims to shed light on key success factors and patterns of frugal innovations in the Indian health care sector. For this reason, the research analyzes a sample of nine selected frugal innovations. The frugal innovation examples are examined with respect to their innovation characteristics. Further, the examination of success patterns allows to investigate the potential of reversed innovation in developed countries in order to improve global health. To sum up, the research provides profound insights on the subject of frugal innovations and conclusions on the research questions. Finally, an outlook on future developments in the health care sector and future research are given.
Germany has a long history in the car sector. However, today’s car industry is drastically changing, triggered by the accelerated rise of new technologies, sustainability policies and changing consumer preferences. The purpose of this research project is to forecast, by using the scenario planning software INKA 4, the future of cars in Germany in 2035. The research project focused mainly on cars based on internal combustion engines (ICE), fuel cell vehicles (FCV), battery electric vehicles (BEV) and Hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) and their charging infrastructure in Germany. Also, the future of autonomous driving vehicles, public transportation and carsharing in Germany were taken into consideration. Considering these factors following four areas of influence were chosen: Technology, Economics, Politics and Social. Within these areas of influence thirteen input factors (descriptors) were defined by research on current literature. The results show three distinct scenarios that reflect a possible shift towards electric mobility, autonomous driving, and an increase in the use of car sharing.
Key findings
The future of cars in Germany is affected by four areas of influence: Technology, Economics, Politics and Social. Among those four areas, a total of thirteen descriptors were selected as an input for the scenario building.
With the software INKA 4 five different scenarios were generated. Three distinctive scenarios were chosen and described to outline the future of cars in Germany in 2035.
It is highly probable that the future cars will be electrified and autonomous and that shared mobility will increase. The extent of the aforementioned change until 2035 depends highly on the German government and customer preferences.
How will the future of business schools in Germany look like in 2035? Scenario Planning with INKA 4
(2019)
Business schools have been largely successful in attracting students and producing publications in the last few decades. Nevertheless, this success has raised several concerns. With many variables influencing business schools, it is useful to predict how the future of business schools might look like. Hence, this paper aims to detect current trends in order to forecast and examine the future of German business schools by the year 2035. With the help of the scenario software INKA 4, future scenarios were generated. In order to develop these scenarios, various areas of influence, e.g. Environment, Supply, Demand, Pedagogy, and Technology were identified and conceptualized with regard to current research and literature. The final result consists of four distinct scenarios, which reflect the potential pathway of German business schools in the future.
Digitalization is invading every aspect of our lives and modern technologies are at the helm of much disruptive change in all spheres of life. Hailed as the 4th industrial revolution every company has a mind to understand the implications of the Industry 4.0 suit of technologies and their multiple innovative applications for its operations. In this paper, we explore how the industry 4.0 transformation might affect Small and Medium sized
enterprises in Germany over a 15-year horizon. We focus on SMEs because they play a significant role in ensuring the prosperity of Germany as a global industrial and economic
powerhouse. We develop alternative pictures of the possible futures using the foresight technique of Scenario planning in which the factors that shape the business environment
SMEs and indeed all companies operate in are identified and used to build the most plausible alternative realities. The outcome is four distinct scenarios that reflect the possible growth trajectories regarding the impending transformation for SMEs.
Individual medicine gained increasing popularity in the medical industry in the past years. Especially oncology plays a major role in individual medicine, as significant research has been done in this area in the last decade. In order to provide individual treatment to patients, individualized medicine in cancer therapy uses molecular genetic examination of blood or tumor tissue.
This paper discusses individual treatment approaches for the selected diseases of prostate cancer and leukemia. Individual medicine in prostate cancer is still considered to be in its infancy whereas in leukemia it is already advanced. Conventional treatment in prostate cancer is highly standardized and well-developed and thus, individual approaches in PCa are not yet well-established or well-researched. Therefore, the relevance of individual treatments in prostate cancer is still to be discussed. In contrast to that leukemia has a promising future in the area of individualized medicine. However, individualized treatments are still very expensive and health insurances only cover a limited amount of financial expenses. As genetic testing is becoming more significant and is likely to be used more often in the future, the cost for individual treatments are expected to decrease over time. Also, this paper suggests future implications for the application of individual medicine in Germany in the areas of health care promotion, disease prevention and disease management until the year 2030.
Highlights of the paper:
• Individual medicine in leukemia is already well-established, however necessity of individual approaches in prostate cancer is discussed
• Individual medicine is currently very cost-intensive but increases the quality of life and the lifespan.
• In order to implement individual medicine in the future it is anticipated to improve health care promotion, disease prevention and disease management.
Due to the increased complexity in advertising and branding, a shift towards a greater use of emotional branding can be observed. In this context music, especially sogos and jingles, are one of the main elements, which seem to allow organizations to reinforce the transmitted brand image towards the consumers. However, so far no guidelines have been developed, which musical components should be included in the jingle to transmit certain emotions and brand images. The following study examines the fit between 11 brand jingles and the corresponding television commercials and analyses how well the jingles represent the actual and targeted brand image. With the help of a quantitative online survey with 170 participants it could be shown that jingles are indeed powerful tools to transmit certain emotions and the connected brand images. Furthermore, several guidelines for the creation of jingles could be developed in order to create and implement these short and catchy tunes as an extension of the visual advertisement.
In this paper, different factors influencing the perceived data security (PDS) of online shoppers are analyzed. For this purpose, the authors first conduct a literature review and later analyze the results of an empirical study, by applying a regression analyses. Based on the findings of this research, the paper identified the frequency of gathering information on the topic of data security and the experience of being hacked as factors with a significant negative impact on PDS. In addition, a well perceived benefit and, in special cases, an e-Commerce business’ brand can positively influence PDS of customers. In conclusion, the paper delivers insights into the perceptions of data security and delivers some suggestions on how a company could improve the PDS of their customers.
The purpose of the study is to identify the profile of a start-up founder. In particular, it investigates whether there are some determined personality characteristics which are common among start-up founders. The present paper is questioning which neuropsychological traits and brain areas are responsible for entrepreneurial behavior. Therefore, the main focus was on the correlation between brain areas and individual attitudes or behaviors. After explaining the related basics about the human brain, it is important to locate some key tasks or activities in specific brain regions. Neuroimaging tools such as fMRI and EEG are particularly helpful to explain the reason for specific behaviors because they determine the presence of connection between cognitive processes and brain areas. In the present paper, EEG will be taken into consideration since this method can provide some practical insight into differences between entrepreneurs and non-entrepreneurs. The most important characteristics of entrepreneurs are defined in order to show theoretically whether there is a fundamental difference between entrepreneurs and non-entrepreneurs on a neuropsychological level. Even though there are elements which are emphasized in the personality of start-up founders, further research is required to prove that these aspects determine indisputably entrepreneurial behavior.